Abstract:
:The purpose of this study was to assess the compatibility, in terms of red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, of ondansetron (OND; a 5-hydroxytryptamine subtype-3 receptor antagonist) with the organophosphorus pretreatment compound pyridostigmine (PYR) after simultaneous oral (p.o.) administration to guinea pigs. The time-course of PYR-induced (0.94 mg/kg, p.o.) AChE inhibition was determined in the absence and presence of OND. Ondansetron (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg; p.o.) did not modify AChE inhibition, whereas concurrent administration of PYR with OND (10 or 20 mg/kg; p.o.) produced significantly greater decreases in AChE activity than PYR alone. The decreases in AChE activity for PYR plus OND, 10 and 20 mg/kg, (between 30 -240 min) were 12.3 +/- 2.8% and 16.1 +/- 2.3% (mean +/- SD) respectively relative to PYR alone. The slope for recovery of AChE activity (120 - 240 min) was 0.0914 for PYR alone; recovery rates (slopes) for PYR plus OND, 10 and 20 mg/kg, were 0.0796 and 0.0433 respectively. Additionally, altered PYR-induced AChE activity profiles were ameliorated when PYR and OND (20 mg/kg) were administered 150 min apart. Since the results of this study provided evidence that the oral administration of OND alone did not inhibit AChE, the changes in PYR-induced AChE activity by the simultaneous administration of OND suggest mechanisms other than a direct action on the enzyme. The significance of these findings is that the increased AChE inhibition resulting from simultaneous oral administration of both component could result in undesirable cholinergic toxicities and subsequent perform decrements.
journal_name
Drug Chem Toxicoljournal_title
Drug and chemical toxicologyauthors
Capacio BR,Byers CE,Anderson DR,Matthews RL,Brown DEdoi
10.3109/01480549609002193subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-19issue
1-2eissn
0148-0545issn
1525-6014journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The teratogenicity of p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin, novolak type, (PTBP-FR) was examined in Wistar rats. Pregnant rats were fed diets containing 0, 2.5, 5 or 10% of PTBP-FR ad libitum from day 6 to day 15 of pregnancy. Maternal toxicity, as evidenced by a decreased maternal body weight gain and food consumpti...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549308998227
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organoselenium compounds can cause anemia in mice, possibly as a consequence of impairment of the heme biosynthesis pathway. Such compounds can inhibit the sulfhydryl-containing enzyme delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (delta-ALA-D), which is involved in the heme biosynthetic pathway, leading to a decrease in the synt...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-200039720
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rotenone, an environmental toxin, triggers Parkinson's disease (PD)-like pathology through microglia-mediated neuronal death. The effects and molecular mechanisms of flavonoid luteolin against rotenone-induced toxicity was assessed in microglial BV2 cells. Cells were pretreated with luteolin (1-50 µM) for 12 h and the...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1504961
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prolonged exposure to aluminum through occupational hazards or food/water intake has been linked to the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed at investigating the neuroprotective effects of Gallic Acid (GA) against aluminum-chloride induced AD in adult Wistar rats. Twenty eight (28) adult Wistar rat...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2020.1754849
更新日期:2020-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of diazinon, at different concentrations and exposure times, were investigated in freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio, to elucidate the possible mode of action on lipid peroxidation together with the inhibitory effect of diazinon on acetylcholinesterase activity and changes in tissue protein levels. Cholinesteras...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480540500408622
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous non-essential environmental and industrial toxicant that affects various organs in humans and experimental animals. Robust evidence confirms the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of Cd-induced hepatic damage. Potent polyphenols found in virgin coconut oil (VCO) are free ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2019.1598428
更新日期:2019-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::The 24-h incorporation of 59Fe into circulating red blood cells, bone marrow, urine, liver, spleen, and skeletal muscle was measured in splenectomized and sham-splenectomized rats which had received a daily, oral dose of gossypol acetic acid (20 mg GAA/kg body wt) for 91 days. A significant decrease in total body weig...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548509011635
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Liver fibrosis is the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins including collagen that occurs in most types of chronic liver diseases. This study aimed to investigate and compare the therapeutic efficacy of different magnesium (Mg)-containing supplements (formulations A, B, and C) on c...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2016.1172083
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between lead concentration in the dry film of lead based paints applied to steel bulkheads aboard ship, the lead concentration found in the air when the paint is removed by mechanical means, and blood lead concentrations of workers involved in lead based paint removal has not been well characterized. ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549909029723
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental and clinical data relevant for the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of the immunosuppressant ciclosporin are reviewed. Ciclosporin binds reversibly to the cytosolic receptor protein ciclophilin. Ciclophilin is likely involved in the blockade of lymphocyte activation-induced gene transcription of v...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/01480549209032293
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was aimed to report the toxicity of the chlorpyrifos, an organophosphorus insecticide, with regard to histological and cytological effects through light and transmission electron microscopes in the gills of freshwater fish, Anabas testudineus. The fish were exposed to 0.125 (5% of 96 h LC50), 0.250 (...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1497052
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress is produced under diabetic conditions and is likely involved in the progression of pancreatic damage found in diabetes. This study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of Aegle marmelos leaf extract, a medicinal plant, on the tissue antioxidant defense system and lipid peroxidative status ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480540903203984
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to crude acetylene can occur in occupational settings. This study assessed the modulatory activities of selected polyphenols on the hematotoxic, cardiotoxic, and hepatotoxic effects of crude acetylene. Wistar rats were exposed to 58 000 ppm crude acetylene for 10 min at 12 h intervals for 30 days. Some expose...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2020.1853766
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, no standardized and well-validated alternative models exist for screening for progesterone-responsive endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Because of this, a rapid assay for evaluating progestin/antiprogestin activity using Xenopus oocyte germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) as a model was evaluated. Five co...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-120005892
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of a novel phosphorothionate, the methyl ester of 2-butenoic acid-3-diethoxy phosphinothioyl (RPR-II) was studied on membrane bound target enzymes Acid (AcP) and Alkaline (AkP) Phosphatases in different tissues of male and female albino Wistar rats. Three sub-chronic doses 0.014 (low), 0.028 (medium) and 0....
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-100100131
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of dexamethasone-induced cleft palate in mouse fetuses was studied at four fixed times on day 13 of gestation. On day 18, the fetuses were examined for malformations and corticosterone concentration was additionally measured. Evidence of a diurnal rhythm in cleft palate frequency, as well as in corticost...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548609042827
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dual inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism prevent cancer development and induce apoptosis. One of the most promising compounds that blocks both of these pathways is licofelone. We questioned whether licofelone affects the survival and/or promotes apoptosis o...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2013.806525
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclododecatriene (CDDT, CAS No. 4904-61-4) was administered daily by oral gavage to groups of Crl:CD (SD)IGS BR rats at dose levels of 0 (control), 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg/day. Female rats were dosed for four weeks premating, through mating, gestation, and lactation (a total of 55 to 63 days of treatment). Male rats we...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-120003257
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An anti-tumor agent, the cationic dye rhodamine 123 (Rh 123), becomes concentrated in mitochondria of certain tissues and inhibits ATP production. Rh 123 was tested for developmental toxicity by i.p. injection into pregnant CD-1 mice daily on gestation days 7-10 (plug = day 1) at doses up to 15 mg/kg/day. Additional m...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548809017882
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the effect of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) leaf aqueous extract (TE) on purine and acetylcholine hydrolyzing enzyme activities and antioxidant status in the brain of 5-fluorouracil (5-FLU) administered rats. Sixty adult Wistar rats (210-225 g) were divided into Ten groups (n = 6). Group 1: received ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2019.1659310
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Crack cocaine is an illicit drug derived from cocaine, in which use and abuse have increased around the world, especially in developing countries. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to evaluate genomic damage in multiple organs of mice following acute exposure to crack cocaine. For this purpose, single cell ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2015.1126843
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential genotoxic effect of venlafaxine hydrochloride (venlafaxine), an antidepressant drug-active ingredient, was investigated by using in vitro chromosome aberrations (CAs) and cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assays in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Mitotic index (MI) and cytokinesis-block pr...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1486410
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of chloropicrin (CP) was assessed following its administration to rats via oral gavage for either 10 or 90 consecutive days at dose levels of 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg and 2, 8 and 32 mg/kg, respectively. Control rats received corn oil at a dose of 1.0 ml/kg. Toxicological observations included organ and b...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549409014306
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated antigenotoxic and antioxidative effects of newly derivatized compound naringenin-oxime (NG-Ox) compared to its mother compound naringenin (NG) against oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (HP) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Antigenotoxic activity was assessed using alkalin...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2015.1026973
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the increasing prevalence of occupational sensitization to acrylate compounds, n-butyl acrylate (BAC), ethyl acrylate (EAC), and trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMT) were recommended by the National Toxicology Program for hypersensitivity testing in female B6C3F1 mice. The objectives of these studies were to de...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549909042528
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phospholipidosis is the excessive accumulation of intracellular phospholipids in cell lysosomes. Drugs that induce this disease often share common physiochemical properties and are collectively classified as cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs). Although the cause of phospholipidosis and morphologic appearance of affecte...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-39743
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A toxicity Evaluation of DDT and dieldrin was conducted using Japanese Quail. The effects of feeding DDT (5 and 50 ppm of diet) and dieldrin (0.1 and 1.0 ppm of diet) in this four generation study (parental, F1, F2 and F3) were examined in terms of growth, viability, and/or reproduction of offspring. Ten groups (inclu...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480547809034431
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pachira aquatica is a species used for medicinal and food purposes and has numerous phytochemicals that may have systemic toxic effects and damage to genetic material. This study aimed to evaluate acute and short-term oral toxicity, as well as genotoxic and clastogenic effects of oil extracted from P. aquatica (PASO) ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2020.1845713
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperlipidemia causes lipotoxicity which prompts an inflammatory response linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Natural compounds have been receiving special attention for its potential to treat diseases, inexpensiveness, and safety. Guarana (Paullinia cupana) has demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2019.1624767
更新日期:2019-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::This paper discusses the merits and disadvantages of a specific proposal for a numerical calculation of the reference dose (RfD) with explicit recognition of both uncertainty and variability. It is suggested that the RfD be the lower (more restrictive) value of: The daily dose rate that is expected (with 95% confidenc...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1081/dct-120014793
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00