Abstract:
:Methyl 2,2-difluoromalonyl fluoride (MMF) is highly toxic by inhalation producing mortality in rats exposed for 4 hours to 0.55 mg/L. Repeated inhalation exposures of rats to 0.009 mg/L produced irritation but no other signs of a toxic response. Mortality was encountered following repeated exposures to 0.066 mg/L.
journal_name
Drug Chem Toxicoljournal_title
Drug and chemical toxicologyauthors
Kennedy GL Jr,Burgess BA,Chen HCdoi
10.3109/01480548808998223subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-06-01 00:00:00pages
215-23issue
2eissn
0148-0545issn
1525-6014journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Modafinil is used for the treatment of various sleep disorders; however, its usage among healthy individuals is also increasing. There are a limited number of cardiovascular side effects, including ischemic T-wave changes, dyspnea, hypertension, and tachycardia in the literature. Our research aimed to investigate the ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2020.1803906
更新日期:2020-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::Visual observations were made to compare the pretreatment benefits of subacute (75 micrograms/hr, sc) and acute (146 micrograms/kg, im, at 30 min) deliveries of physostigmine salicylate (Phy) against 2 or 5 LD50s (60 or 150 micrograms/kg, sc) of soman in guinea pigs; scopolamine, 80 micrograms/kg, im, was given routin...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549109017866
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concerns that chemical warfare (CW) agents themselves or in combination with other chemicals may cause long-term damage to nerve and muscle are reviewed and discussed. Experiments on mice and hens underway with agent GA and pyridostigmine bromide (PB) and their effects (either separately or together) are presented. ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549809007410
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted to evaluate the potential reproductive toxicity of epichlorohydrin in a one-generation reproduction toxicity study in compliance with OECD Test Guideline 415. Twenty-four male and female rats per group were given epichlorohydrin by gavage at 0, 3.3, 10, and 30 mg/kg/day. Males were dosed for 1...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480541003734030
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental and clinical data relevant for the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of the immunosuppressant ciclosporin are reviewed. Ciclosporin binds reversibly to the cytosolic receptor protein ciclophilin. Ciclophilin is likely involved in the blockade of lymphocyte activation-induced gene transcription of v...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/01480549209032293
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 24-h incorporation of 59Fe into circulating red blood cells, bone marrow, urine, liver, spleen, and skeletal muscle was measured in splenectomized and sham-splenectomized rats which had received a daily, oral dose of gossypol acetic acid (20 mg GAA/kg body wt) for 91 days. A significant decrease in total body weig...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548509011635
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of various levels of dietary iron on hepatic lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA] content), reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity as well as liver and body weights of female rats following TCDD administration were examined. Rats were fed diets containing deficient (6 ppm), nor...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548809038656
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chrysin (CH) is a natural flavone which possesses antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of CH on biochemical parameters, histopathological changes, and genotoxicity and hematological indices in diazinon (DZN)-induced toxicity in BALB/c m...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2017.1384834
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medications show their biological effects by interaction with enzymes, which have been known to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Inhibition or induction of drug metabolizing enzymes has an essential place in the drug design for many kinds of diseases including cardiovascular, neurological, ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2019.1620266
更新日期:2019-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::Suppression of mitogen-induced splenocyte lymphoproliferation and interleukin 2 (IL-2) production can be used as indicators of immunotoxicity. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) is both a potent mitogen and the most potent in vitro inducer of IL-2 production that has been described. An in vitro system was used to meas...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549409064043
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. is an ethnomedicinal tree of remedial value in the treatment of diabetes, bone fractures, and liver and neurological disorders. However, the information available on DNA-protective and anti-proliferative potential of bark of this tree is scarce. In the present study, the extract/fractions...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1497051
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This Visual Basic computer program has been developed for drug dosage conversions using metabolically active mass (MAM) of the animals. The two body weights (one with known dosage and the other, for which the dosage has to be calculated) and the known dosage are entered in the respective input boxes and the appropriat...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-120017557
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mercuric chloride was administered by three routes--subcutaneous, intramuscular and intraperitoneal to adult female Wistar rats. The peroxidative status of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and the sciatic nerves were studied. Enhanced levels of lipid peroxides indicate progressing cellular injury. All the experimental ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549809017850
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between lead concentration in the dry film of lead based paints applied to steel bulkheads aboard ship, the lead concentration found in the air when the paint is removed by mechanical means, and blood lead concentrations of workers involved in lead based paint removal has not been well characterized. ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549909029723
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::For centuries, Turkey has been a significant location here around 80 species of Hypericum with differing names widely occur, which is also known as Turkish folk medicine in treating some bacterial diseases as well as stomach and intestine inflammation. Recent studies have reported this herb family to contain numbers o...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2020.1856130
更新日期:2020-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Eight antineoplastic drugs were evaluated for their ability to induce mutation in the Ames Salmonella/microsome and the TK+/- mouse lymphoma assay. Dose response data were utilized to determine the relative potency of each of these drugs. They were then ranked based on this information. Vincristine, the most potent co...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480547809105021
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cisplatin (CP) is a widely used cytotoxic agent against cancer, and high doses of CP have been known to cause nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Some reports claim that antioxidants can reduce CP-induced toxicity. This study investigated the hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, and antioxidant activity of Urtica dioica...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2011.598531
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor like growth factor (HB-EGF) is an emerging therapeutic for the regeneration of the tympanic membrane (TM). OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to determine whether the doses of HB-EGF delivered in a sustained release hydrogel into a middle ear mouse model, would be measurable in the s...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2016.1143482
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::While it is well recognized that the combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid has been associated with hepatic adverse events, there are only a few reports about amoxicillin alone causing hepatic toxicity. We describe a 34-year-old woman who developed severe cholestatic hepatitis following amoxicillin treatment....
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2010.545067
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical pretreatment is effective against a 2 LD50 challenge of soman, sarin or VX or a 5 LD50 challenge of tabun. Chemical pretreatment followed by post challenge therapy should be effective against greater levels of agent. Such tests in guinea pigs are reported here; pretreatment regimens (PRGs) consisted of physos...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549209014157
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Withania somnifera (L) Dunal (Solanaceae) is an important traditional herbal medicine used for thousands of years and is considered as the Indian ginseng. Reports on the effect of Withania somnifera root (WSR) extract on the developing foetus of pregnant rats including mortality, structural abnormalities, chang...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2014.900073
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The quantities of selenium, tar and nicotine present in mainstream (MS) and sidestream (SS) smoke of machine-smoked cigarettes was studied. The cigarettes were prepared from tobacco purposely cultured on fly ash-amended soil so as to increase its selenium concentration. Selenium concentration was found to be the same ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548709042980
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a chronic toxicity study in the rat, bidisomide administered as a dietary admixture produced a dose-related lowering of reticulocytes and leucocytes. Plasma alanine aminotransferase activity was increased at 300 mg/kg and decreased at 900 mg/kg. The potential mechanisms of these effects were investigated by compari...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549509014323
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiotoxicity is commonly associated with cocaine abuse. Previous studies have indicated that cocaine alters myocardial mitochondrial function. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of cocaine on activity of the mitochondrial electron transport chain in cultures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and in iso...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-100100119
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amiodarone is a high effectiveness anti-arrhythmia agent which is able to induce pulmonary fibrosis. Many studies have shown that the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was a significant process in pulmonary fibrosis. So far, there are no studies about whether EMT was associated with amiodarone-induced pulmonary ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1497055
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intoxication of insecticides such as bifenthrin and diazinon has been reported to generate free radicals, and thereby alter the antioxidant defense system in erythrocytes. The present study is aimed to investigate the protective effects of acetone (DA) and methanolic (DM) extracts of lichen Dirinaria consimilis ag...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2020.1762632
更新日期:2020-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::The immunomodulatory effects of two plant regulators, cycloheximide and maleic hydrazide, were investigated by injecting the compounds twice weekly for 4 weeks in female Swiss Webster white mice. The animals were antigenically challenged with sheep red blood cells on day 24 of the study. Although humoral immunity was ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548309082715
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Celecoxib has been shown to have an antitumor effect in previous studies, but the mechanisms are unclear. Ca(2+) is a key second messenger in most cells. The effect of celecoxib on cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)) in human suspended PC3 prostate cancer cells was explored by using fura-2 as a fluoresc...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2011.638927
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper discusses the merits and disadvantages of a specific proposal for a numerical calculation of the reference dose (RfD) with explicit recognition of both uncertainty and variability. It is suggested that the RfD be the lower (more restrictive) value of: The daily dose rate that is expected (with 95% confidenc...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1081/dct-120014793
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of feeding two compounds, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), an adrenal steroid, and clofibrate (CLOF) to rats (which are both hypolipidemic, hepatomegaly inducing and hepatic peroxisome proliferating agents) on the binding of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) to hepatic DNA in vivo is compared. Male Sprag...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548908999162
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00