Abstract：
:Spondyloarthritis is the second most common form of chronic inflammatory arthritis and a unique hallmark of the disease is pathologic new bone formation. Several cytokine pathways have been genetically associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the prototypic subtype of SpA, and additional evidence from human and animal studies support a role of these pathways in the disease. TNF has a key role in SpA as blockade significantly reduces inflammation and destruction, however the treatment does not halt new bone formation. New insights into the TNF pathway were recently obtained from an animal model specifically overexpressing the transmembrane form of TNF. This model leads to axial and peripheral new bone formation which is not seen in soluble TNF overexpression models, indicating different pathogenic roles of soluble and transmembrane TNF in arthritis development. Besides TNF, the IL-23/IL-17 axis is emerging as an important inflammatory pathway in SpA, as a SNP in the IL-23R locus has been associated with developing AS, mice overexpressing IL-23 develop SpA-like features and IL-17 blockade has been shown to be efficacious for AS patients in a phase II trial. In this review, we focus on the cytokine pathways that have recently been genetically associated with SpA, i.e. TNF, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-23/IL-17. We review the current genetic, experimental and human in vivo data available and discuss how these different pathways are involved in the pathophysiology of SpA. Additionally, we discuss how these pathways relate to the pathogenic new bone formation in SpA.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Hreggvidsdottir HS,Noordenbos T,Baeten DLdoi
10.1016/j.molimm.2013.07.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
28-37issue
1eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161-5890(13)00482-3journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Mammary epithelia and the epidermis share a common embryologic origin. Like resident epidermal T cells (ETC), a significant number of murine mammary gland T cells (MTC) express Vgamma5-T-cell receptors (TCR). MTC were assessed to see if they express the same invariant Vgamma5/Vdelta1-TCRs as those of ETC. MTC-derived ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.05.010
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In most cases, cytotoxic T cell activation is dependent on the interaction of the T cell receptor (TCR) and CD8 with MHC class I molecules. In the CD8(+) T cell system based on the mouse cytotoxic T cell clone 2C, recognition of the allogeneic MHC L(d) exhibits a less significant role for CD8 than recognition of the s...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(02)00259-6
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Fc region of IgG antibodies is crucial for binding to Fc receptors expressed on the surfaces of various immune leukocytes and eliciting therapeutic effector functions such as clearance of antibody-opsonized tumor cells. Despite abrogated Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) binding and therapeutic effector function in the abs...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2019.07.007
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of V alpha and V beta sequences of T cell receptors now available allows a meaningful analysis of their variability profiles. Variability plots were derived using a modified form of Wu and Kabat's algorithm: variability is not computed as a proportion of the number of different residues occurring at a posit...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(91)90178-m
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A monoclonal antibody (mAb) MF30 (IgGl) against human lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 5 (HLDH5) was prepared. MF30 was found to bind with high specificity to HLDH5 when the enzyme was adsorbed onto a polystyrene plate but did not recognize the isoenzyme when in solution. The isoenzymes HLDH1, HLDH2 and HLDH3 adsorbed ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(86)90122-7
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ASF1a (anti-silencing function 1a), an evolutionarily conserved protein and a histone chaperone, is required for a variety of chromatin-mediated cellular processes. However, the function of ASF1a in innate immune response remains unclear. Here, we find that ASF1a is induced in Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV)-infected...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2016.08.008
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(86)90131-8
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human beta defensin-1 (hBD1) is a component of the immune system which links the innate and adaptive immune responses. We have demonstrated that hBD1 induces rapid cytolysis of prostate cancer cells and that it may also possess tumor suppressive abilities. In addition, there is a high frequency of cancer-specific loss...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2008.11.004
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2005.12.001
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2007.04.025
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe the entire immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus from the reptile Anolis carolinensis. The heavy chain constant (C(H)) region includes C mu, C delta and C upsilon genes. This is the first description of a C upsilon gene in the reptilian class. Variable (V(H)), diversity (D(H)) and joining (J(H)) genes are...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.02.019
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:PKZ, protein kinase containing Z-DNA binding domains, is a novel member of eIF2α kinase in fish. PKZ can be up-regulated in response to Poly I:C or heat stress, and it has a typical eIF2α kinase activity. However, the relationship between fish PKZ and apoptosis remains unclear. In the present study, effects of PKZ on ...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2015.11.006
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(96)00034-x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(94)90030-2
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(86)90115-x
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2016.04.009
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential biochemical mechanisms that mediate the 'shedding' of soluble IL-6 RI (80-kDa) receptor fragments in populations of adherent macrophages were explored. Stimulated macrophages displayed proportional increases in both the expression of membrane-associated IL-6 RI (80-kDa) and the release of soluble recepto...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(01)00074-8
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Discordant xenografts surviving the initial hyperacute rejection phase may be subject to cellular rejection processes mediated by infiltrating leukocytes including T cells, NK cells and monocytes. The stable adhesion of these cell types to endothelial cells is due to the molecular interaction of the integrins VLA-4 an...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(97)00042-4
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2009.10.020
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2014.06.012
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2016.09.002
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2015.03.011
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2014.11.014
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T-cell-replacing factor (TRF)/IL-5 is a T-cell-derived glycoprotein which has pleiotropic activity on lymphoid and myeloid cells. IL-5 polypeptide translated into Xenopus oocytes are heterogeneous in molecular size (40,000 to 60,000 under nonreducing conditions) and yields a monomeric form (Mr of 25,000 to 30,000) und...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(90)90158-v
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(92)90123-f
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) is a cell-surface receptor that plays a vital regulatory role in suppressing inflammatory T cell activity; therefore, it is an ideal target for T cell-redirecting therapies. Here, we describe a cynomolgus macaque model for studying the transfer of PD1-modified T cells. We develope...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2020.05.007
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complement system is an essential component of the innate immune system that participates in elimination of pathogens and altered host cells and comprises an essential link between the innate and adaptive immune system. Soluble and membrane-bound complement regulators protect cells and tissues from unintended comp...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molimm.2010.05.007
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report demonstrates that a marker of human embryonic endoderm and embryonal carcinoma cells recognized by a hybridoma antibody FC 10.2, involves Type 1 blood group chains with the sequence Gal beta 1 leads to 3G1cNAc beta 1 leads to 3Gal beta 1 leads to 4G1c. This conclusion has been reached from antigenic analys...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(83)90005-6
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous investigation have demonstrated the presence of the Rho(D) antigen in Rh negative erythrocytes. The intact Rh negative cell, however, does not bind anti-D IgG. Presently we have shown that an anti-D binding antigen resides on the cytoplasmic surface of Rh negative erythrocyte membranes. Unsealed Rh negative m...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0161-5890(83)90091-3
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cell surface co-stimulatory protein CD154 (CD40L) is a target for monoclonal antibody (mAb) inhibitors of T-cell mediated immune diseases. This protein, like most other members of the TNF ligand family, forms homotrimeric complexes on the cell surface and in solution, with a three-fold axis of symmetry. We find th...
journal_title：Molecular immunology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0161-5890(02)00045-7
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
