Abstract:
:Mechanisms governing gene expression and regulation in eukaryotes are remarkably complex. The results from in vivo transgenic and in vitro transfection studies designed to identify cis-element(s) and trans-factor(s) associated with the salivary proline-rich proteins (PRPs) gene expression are utilized as a paradigm to discuss the regulation of salivary-specific gene expression. Particular attention is given to the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the salivary PRP R15 gene regulation. In rodents, the PRPs are selectively expressed in the acinar cells of salivary glands, and are inducible by the beta-agonist isoproterenol as well as by dietary tannins. The results from a series of experiments using chimeric reporter constructs containing different lengths of the R15 distal enhancer region, their mutations, and various expressing constructs are analyzed and discussed. These data suggest that the inducible nuclear orphan receptor NGFI-B may participate in the regulation of salivary acinar cell-specific and inducible expression of the rat R15 gene via three distinct distal NGFI-B sites. Taken together, a model for the induction of R15 gene expression by isoproterenol is proposed. However, the exact molecular basis of this NGFI-B-mediated transactivation of cAMP-regulated R15 expression remains to be established.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Ann DK,Lin HHdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09638.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-04-15 00:00:00pages
108-14eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
842pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease increases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is due to a number of different triggers including traditional and disease-related factors. Among established risk factors for CV disease, smoking may exert a more dangerous effect on arterial wall in RA than in the gene...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1422.038
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Dover sole was the species most often affected with eroded fins. Prevalence of the disease was highest on the Palos Verdes shelf, the site of a major municipal waste water discharge. Fin lesions in this species were characterized by a minimal inflammatory response and by the absence of associated microorganisms. T...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb19263.x
更新日期:1978-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphotoxin is a protein with a MW of 45,000 daltons derived from activated lymphocytes that kills target cells nonspecifically. Kinetic studies indicate that there is a lag period of about 4 hours before cytotoxicity becomes apparent, even at high concentrations of lymphotoxin. Therefore, the role of lymphotoxin in c...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1979.tb47133.x
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::TP73, as a TP53 homologue, drew the attention of tumor biologists because it is rarely mutated in human cancers and can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by activating genes also regulated by p53. However, TP73 harbors an additional promoter that produces a dominant negative p73 protein (deltaNp73) having the opp...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1322.015
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this short review, we have described studies that have identified Arg415 in the Ca2+ release channel as a residue that influences channel sensitivity to Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release, rate of Ca2+ release, and channel closing. We have also described studies that confirm Dr. Numa's predictions that residues 4246-4267, 4...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb38060.x
更新日期:1993-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::This paper is dedicated to the transient liquid crystal technique measurements for multiple view access by using a novel digital recording and image processing system. The transient liquid crystal technique is widely used for heat transfer investigations in turbomachinery. It has been applied in our laboratory in seve...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05863.x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Papillomaviruses are widespread, sexually transmitted agents with an increasing prevalence. They are associated with a significant risk of genital carcinoma in infected women. Because they can be transmitted to the fetus before or during birth, they are also a risk to the infant born to an infected woman. Laryngeal HP...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb23964.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) capable of "neutralizing" or "inhibiting" immune responses have been described. This review will focus on the properties of phosphorothioate ODN that mimic the immunosuppressive activity of the repetitive TTAGGG motifs present in mammalian telomeres. These TTAGGG multimers block t...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04970.x
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of climate change on biodiversity is now evident, with the direct impacts of changing temperature and rainfall patterns and increases in the magnitude and frequency of extreme events on species distribution, populations, and overall ecosystem function being increasingly publicized. Changes in the climate sy...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.12952
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic disorders present a public health challenge of staggering proportions. In diabetes, there is an urgent need to better understand disease heterogeneity, clinical trajectories, and related comorbidities. A pressing and timely question is whether we are ready for precision medicine in diabetes. Some biological ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.13588
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have suggested that metabolic inhibition is neuroprotective, but little evidence has been provided to support this proposal. Using the in vitro rabbit retina preparation as an established model of the central nervous system (CNS), we measured the rate of glucose utilization and lactate production, and...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07999.x
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an effort to identify novel targets for the development of nonhormonal male contraceptives, genome-wide transcriptional profiling of the rat testis was performed. Specifically, enzymatically purified spermatogonia plus early spermatocyctes, pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids, and Sertoli cells was analyzed a...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1411.014
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation (AF), the highest occurring cardiac arrhythmia in the Western world, is associated with substantial morbidity and increased mortality. In spite of extensive research, the cause of atrial electrical remodeling, a major factor in the self-perpetuating nature of AF, is still unknown. Downregulation of...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05087.x
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is typically accompanied by both acute and chronic alterations in the stress response. These alterations have mostly been described in individuals under baseline conditions, but studies have also used a challenge model to assess the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1196/annals.1364.014
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, it is known that several chemical agents used or generated by the oil industry are classified as mutagens and/or carcinogens. Among these we have gasoline, diesel, butane gas, styrene, benzene, chloroform, and others. Studies have verified that these chemicals have effects in fertility (abortions, sterility...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1454.013
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to quantify the changes in cell membrane conductance in response to electropermeabilization, which may elucidate the mechanisms of tissue injury resulting from high-voltage electrical shock. A high-speed, space-clamp and voltage-clamp experimental configuration was used. The pulse paramet...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10154.x
更新日期:1998-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Replicative senescence is an in vitro biological phenomenon that results the irreversible growth arrest of mammalian cells. In contrast, cellular quiescence is reversible upon the addition of mitogens or replating. Quiescence is associated with the expression of a particular gene family--the growth arrest specific (GA...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09024.x
更新日期:1998-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokines are powerful mediators of biologic responses in the CNS and may contribute to cellular injury in pathophysiologic states. In order to better understand the actions of cytokines in the intact mammalian CNS, a transgenic approach was employed that targeted the expression of different cytokines to astrocytes in...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09552.x
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a variety of cell types including chinese hamster embryonic fibroblasts (IIC9 cells), alpha-thrombin is a potent mitogen. Thrombin irreversibly activates Par 1, a member of the seven membrane-spanning superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). This, in turn, activates several heterotrimeric G proteins and ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04622.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural systems cannot be closed to the environment. At the same time there is a necessity for closure in order to build the system. It is this quint-essential tension between openness and closure that drives systems to unfold into further stages or levels of growth and development. In other words, the emergence of or...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06268.x
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the study reported in this paper, we characterized PACAP in the human fetal adrenal gland and we investigated the effect of PACAP on steroid secretion from cultured fetal adrenal cells. The adrenal gland from 20-week-old fetuses contained substantial concentrations of PACAP-immunoreactive material (88.6 ng/g wet ti...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb07010.x
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A summary is provided of the early history of research on the flow of nonrenewable energy resources through the economy and of the flow of renewable energy resources through a natural ecosystem. The techniques are similar, and many specific applications are provided. A combined economic and ecological technique is als...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05165.x
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stabilization of images on the fovea during either fore/aft translation of a subject or fore/aft movement of a visual target in front of a stationary observer imposes complex geometrical requirements that depend upon the eccentricity of the object of interest with respect to the eyes. Each eye needs to be rotated inde...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1325.005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adolescence marks the beginning of adult-level cognitive control of behavior supported by the brain maturation processes of synaptic pruning and myelination. Cognitive development studies on adolescence indicate that this period is characterized by improvements in the performance of existing abilities including speed ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1196/annals.1308.035
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the effects of psychological stress on performance quality, autonomic responses, and upper extremity muscle activity in skilled pianists through comparisons between stressful (competition) and nonstressful (rehearsal) conditions. We observed increased levels of subjective anxiety, autonomic ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04786.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adrenal glands are a major source of steroid hormone biosynthesis. In normal physiology, the pituitary hormone corticotropin (ACTH) regulates the secretion of glucocorticoids via its G protein-coupled receptor (ACTHR), the product of the MC2R gene. Aldosterone is another major product of the adrenal gland; its reg...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04339.x
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our studies have shown that the acyclic nucleotide analogues PMEA and HPMPC are able to penetrate into cells and are then activated to mono- and diphosphate derivatives. The latter correspond to triphosphate analogues and presumably serve an important role in the biological activity exerted by these antiviral agents. ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb17859.x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smaller, more charge-intensive electrodes are needed for "safe" stimulation of the nervous system. In this paper we review critical concepts and the state of the art in electrodes. Control of charge density and charge balance are essential to avoid tissue electrolysis. Chemical criteria for "safe" stimulation are revi...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1983.tb31628.x
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) is a main actor in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), interacting with other molecules in complex mechanisms. The neuroendocrine system is known to be involved and Chromogranin A (CHGA) serum levels are elevated in patients with RA. We evaluated the effect of the sele...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1351.041
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among the five enzyme complexes in the oxidative phosphorylation system, NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase (also called complex I) is the largest, most intricate, and least understood. This enzyme complex spans the inner mitochondrial membrane and catalyzes the first step of electron transfer by the oxidation of NADH, an...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/nyas.12858
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00