Abstract：
:We evaluated predictors of plasma concentrations of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), a metabolite of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a group of 240 women, controls from a breast cancer case-control study nested in the Nurses' Health Study. We considered personal attributes such as age, serum cholesterol, region of residence, adiposity, lactation, and dietary intake. DDE levels increased 0.17 ppb/year of age (p = 0.0003), and PCBs increased 0.08 ppb (p = 0.0001). DDE and PCBs increased 0.20 (p = 0.02) and 0.13 ppb (p = 0.001), respectively, per 10 mg/dl serum cholesterol. Women living in the western United States had higher levels of DDE (mean = 11.0 ppb; p = 0.003), and women in the Northeast and Midwest had higher levels of PCBs (mean = 5.6 ppb; p = 0.0002) as compared to women from other parts of the country (mean DDE = 6.3; mean PCBs = 4. 5 ppb). Levels of DDE could not be predicted from consumption of meat, fish, poultry, dairy products, vegetables, fruits, and grains. There was a positive association between fish consumption and PCB concentrations among women in the Northeast and Midwest. Using data from the cases in the nested case-control study to assess the predictive ability of the models, we confirmed that the most reliable predictors of DDE were age and serum cholesterol, and the most important predictors of PCBs were age, serum cholesterol, and residence in the Midwest or Northeast. The null results for the majority of the food variables suggest that specific dietary factors, other than fish, are not currently a substantial contributor to human exposure to DDE and PCBs.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Laden F,Neas LM,Spiegelman D,Hankinson SE,Willett WC,Ireland K,Wolff MS,Hunter DJdoi
10.1289/ehp.9910775subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-01 00:00:00pages
75-81issue
1eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The clinical use of polymeric materials in the body to repair and restore damaged or diseased tissues and organs is substantially increasing on an annual basis. Concomitant with this use is an increase in materials related research on medically used polymers. Information on the historical and current clinical use of p...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.751171
更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An association between human illness and exposure to Pfiesteria was first observed among laboratory personnel working with the microorganism. In 1997, in the setting of Pfiesteria activity on the Pocomoke River in Maryland, difficulties with learning and memory were epidemiologically associated with high-level exposur...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.01109s5787
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been associated with cardiovascular mortality. Pathophysiologic pathways leading from ETS exposure to cardiopulmonary disease are still being explored. Reduced cardiac autonomic function, as measured by heart rate variability (HRV), has been associated with cardiac vulnerability a...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.01109711
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intercellular and extracellular metal concentrations were measured using carbon fiber ultramicrosensors plated with mercury or with polymeric porphyrinic p-type semiconductors. Concentrations of unbound nickel and lead ions were studied within individual BC3H-1 myocytes, and H4-11-C3 rat hepatoma cells. Unbound ions a...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.94102s3147
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Benzene is a common industrial chemical known to induce leukemia and other blood disorders, as well as aneuploidy, in both human blood cells and sperm at exposures > 10 ppm. Recent reports have identified health effects at exposure levels < 1 ppm, the permissible exposure limit (PEL; 8 hr) set by the U.S. Oc...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.0901531
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unlike laboratory animals, people are rarely exposed to a single hazardous chemical. However, most of the information documenting adverse human health effects from environmental and occupational contaminants has come from studies focused on exposure to single chemicals, and there is little information available on how...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.98106s61263
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Differences in the neighborhood food environment may contribute to disparities in obesity. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to examine the association of neighborhood food environments with body mass index (BMI) and obesity after control for neighborhood walkability. METHODS:This study employed a c...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.11590
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyrethroids are important insecticides used in agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and in the home. In humans, they are rapidly metabolized and renally eliminated. In numerous studies, pyrethroid metabolites have been detected in urine after occupational exposure to insecticides. In this study, we used a new, reliabl...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.01109213
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case control study of drinking water treatment practices and female cancer mortality was conducted in Wisconsin. Cancer deaths for 1972-1977 from 28 Wisconsin counties and noncancer deaths matched to cancer deaths on age, year of death and county of residence, were compared for characteristics of drinking water supp...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8246179
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Okadaic acid, dinophysistoxin-1 (35-methylokadaic acid), and calyculin A are the okadaic acid class of non-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-type tumor promoters, which do not bind to the phorbol ester receptors in cell membranes or activate protein kinase C in vitro. They have potent tumor-promoting activiti...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.9193211
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pavlovian conditioning processes may contribute to some symptoms of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). This review summarizes the potential relevance of the literature on conditional taste and olfactory aversions, conditional sensitization, and conditional immunomodulation to understanding MCS. A conditioning-based ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.97105s2521
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Microcystin-producing Microcystis bloom is a severe water problem in the world. Some reports indicate that chronic exposure to microcystin may result in liver damage in adults, but information on effects in children is limited. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the relationship between microcystin exposure and live...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1002412
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Epidemiologic and experimental studies have reported a variety of health effects in response to ozone (O3) exposure, and some have indicated that certain populations may be at increased or decreased risk of O3-related health effects. OBJECTIVES:We sought to identify potential response-modifying factors to d...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.1307541
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we investigated the potential impact of climate change in Portugal on heat-related mortality, air pollution-related health effects, and selected vectorborne diseases. The assessment used climate scenarios from two regional climate models for a range of future time periods. The annual heat-related death r...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8431
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A wide range of fiber types was tested in two in vitro assays: toxicity to A549 epithelial cells, as detachment from substrate, and the production of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by rat alveolar macrophages. Three of the fibers were also studied in vivo, using short-term inhalation followed...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.97105s51235
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is generally agreed that estrogens, and possibly androgens, are important in the etiology of breast cancer, but no consensus exists as to the precise estrogenic or androgenic environment that characterizes risk, or the exogenous factors that influence the hormonal milieu. Nearly all the epidemiological studies cond...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.97105s3587
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rates of developmental and respiratory diseases are disproportionately high in underserved, minority populations such as those in New York City's Washington Heights, Harlem, and the South Bronx. Blacks and Latinos in these neighborhoods represent high risk groups for asthma, adverse birth outcomes, impaired developmen...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.02110197
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The National Institutes of Health's Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) initiative aims to understand the impact of environmental factors on childhood disease. Over 40,000 chemicals are approved for commercial use. The challenge is to prioritize chemicals for biomonitoring that may prese...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP5133
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper summarizes the clinical phenomenology of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), outlines the concepts and evidence for the olfactory-limbic, neural sensitization model for MCS, and discusses experimental design implications of the model for exposure-related research. Neural sensitization is the progressive am...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.97105s2457
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reported incidence of acute respiratory illness in families exposed to different concentrations of air pollution was studied during two consecutive school years. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of increased exposure to sulfur dioxide and suspended particulate matter. In each of four study comm...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8244165
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an attempt to elucidate the relationship between DNA adduct formation and tumorigenesis, DNA adducts were measured in the livers and bladders of mice during chronic exposure to several different doses of 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) and 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP). Continuous oral administration of these compounds for...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.94102s6161
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because of its unique geology, Minnesota can be divided into four agricultural regions: south-central region one (corn, soybeans); west-central region two (wheat, corn, soybeans); northwest region three (wheat, sugar beets, potatoes); and northeast region four (forested and urban in character). Cancer mortality (1980-...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.99107205
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many substances are active in in vitro tests for estrogenic activity, but data from multigenerational and other toxicity studies are not available for many of those substances. Controversy has arisen, therefore, concerning the likelihood of adverse health effects. Based on a toxic equivalence factor risk assessment ap...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.97105s3655
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were used to study the general activity and the isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) during single-instance and long-term introduction of polychlorocamphene. Total lactate dehydrogenase activity decreases in the liver during the single-instance introduction of half the LD50 (120 mg/kg). The isoenzyme...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.7613127
更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Perfluoroalkyl acids are persistent compounds used in various industrial -applications. Of these compounds, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) is currently detected in humans worldwide. A recent study on low-dose developmental exposure to PFOA in mice reported increased weight and elevated biomarkers of adiposity in ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1104034
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some of the statistical properties of a simple two-stage model of carcinogenesis are explored. The implications of additive treatment effects versus independent treatment effects on the shape of the dose-response curve are considered. Response that is low-dose linear results in the cases where the mutation rates are a...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8776125
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lead exposure of children and their mothers has been studied in two towns with mean soil lead contents of 900 and 400 ppm. No significant difference in blood or fecal lead contents was demonstrated between the two populations, but a small difference in hair lead content was shown. The blood lead content of childre...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.74775
更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exceptional aging, defined as reaching age 85 years, shows geographic inequalities that may depend on local environmental conditions. Links between particulate pollution-a well-recognized environmental risk factor-and exceptional aging have not been investigated. OBJECTIVES:We conducted a nationwide analysi...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP197
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:National disparities in asbestos use will likely lead to an unequal burden of asbestos diseases. OBJECTIVES:As economic status may be linked to asbestos use, we assessed, globally, the relationship between indicators of national economic development and asbestos use. METHODS:For the 135 countries that have...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.0901196
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Experimental tools for studying the complex steroidogenic interactions that occur between placenta and fetus during human pregnancy are extremely limited. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to develop a co-culture model to study steroidogenesis by the human fetoplacental unit and its disruption by exposure to environmenta...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1307518
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
