Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Heterogeneity in clinical outcomes may be caused by factors working at multiple levels, e.g., between groups, between subjects, or within subjects over time. A more nuanced assessment of differences in variation among schizophrenia patients and between patients and healthy comparison subjects can clarify etiology and even facilitate the identification of patient subtypes with common neuropathology and clinical course. METHODS:We compared trajectories (mean duration of 3.5years) of cognitive impairments in a sample of 201 community-dwelling schizophrenia (SCZ) patients (aged 40-100years) with 67 healthy comparison (HC) subjects. We employed growth mixture models to discover subclasses with more homogenous between-subject variation in cognitive trajectories. Post hoc analyses determined factors associated with class membership and class-specific correlates of cognitive trajectories. RESULTS:Three latent classes were indicated: Class 1 (85% HC and 50% SCZ) exhibited relatively high and stable trajectories of cognition, Class 2 (15% HC and 40% SCZ) exhibited lower, modestly declining trajectories, and Class 3 (10% SCZ) exhibited lower, more rapidly declining trajectories. Within the patient group, membership in Classes 2-3 was associated with worse negative symptoms and living in a board and care facility. DISCUSSION:These results bridge the gap between schizophrenia studies demonstrating cognitive decline and those demonstrating stability. Moreover, a finer-grained characterization of heterogeneity in cognitive trajectories has practical implications for interventions and for case management of patients who show accelerated cognitive decline. Such a characterization requires study designs and analyses sensitive to between- and within-patient heterogeneity in outcomes.
journal_name
Schizophr Resjournal_title
Schizophrenia researchauthors
Thompson WK,Savla GN,Vahia IV,Depp CA,O'Hara R,Jeste DV,Palmer BWdoi
10.1016/j.schres.2012.10.033subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
90-6issue
1eissn
0920-9964issn
1573-2509pii
S0920-9964(12)00607-Xjournal_volume
143pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Younger patients with schizophrenia have most likely experienced fewer adverse consequences of the illness than older patients who may have experienced a lifetime of treatment as well as socio-economic problems as a consequence of the illness. There is limited information regarding differential efficacy of long-acting...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.09.034
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroanatomical abnormalities are considered to be related to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Reversal or reduction of normal structural cerebral asymmetries in schizophrenia is particularly striking. The current study investigated the alteration of gray matter volume and cerebral asymmetry in early stage of first-...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.05.021
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Patients with schizophrenia have a high prevalence of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular mortality. It is possible that a vulnerability to metabolic abnormalities is associated with risk for psychosis, symptoms and functionality. In this study, we evaluate demographic information, cardiometabolic indices,...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.09.022
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is associated with premature mortality and a high rate of sudden, unexpected deaths. Autopsy data are scant, and in studies using death certificates or root cause assessments, a majority of sudden deaths remained unexplained. In the community, post-mortem data indicate that the most common cause of sudde...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.03.011
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study determined the minimal exposure time (i.e., critical stimulus duration (CSD) necessary for feature registration and recognition by normals and chronic schizophrenics. Our interest was whether the longer exposure times required by schizophrenics than by normals could be attributed to an inability of s...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-9964(92)90049-b
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, apolipoprotein D (apoD), a protein that is involved in the essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (EPUFA) transport and metabolism, and neuronal growth and regeneration was reported to have increased in the postmortem brain and decreased in the serum of schizophrenia patients. We studied the plasma apoD levels...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00378-4
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Suicide and violence often co-occur in the general population as well as in mentally ill individuals. Few studies, however, have assessed whether these suicidal behaviors are predictive of violence risk in mental illness. AIMS:The aim of this study is to investigate whether suicidal behaviors, including sui...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.02.001
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate was quantified by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) in the medial frontal lobes of 15 adult siblings of individuals with schizophrenia (HR) and 14 healthy volunteers (HV), all of whom also completed a Continuous Performance Test (CPT). Subjects were free of psychopathology but the HR group sh...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.11.028
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although factor scores are commonly used to interpret the Weschsler Adult Intelligence Scale--Revised (WAIS-R), the WAIS-R factor structure has not been investigated in patients with schizophrenia. We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine five latent construct models in 169 males with schizophrenia. The W...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00090-5
更新日期:1998-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::A key predictor of whether or not an individual who hears voices (auditory verbal hallucinations; AVH) meets criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis is the level of negative content of the voices (e.g., threats, criticism, abuse). Yet the factors that contribute to negative voice-content are still not well understood. Th...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.03.030
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Large-scale gene expression studies in schizophrenia (SZ) have generally focused on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Studies of other brain regions have been less frequent and have rarely been performed in the same subjects. We analyzed postmortem gene expression in multiple cortical regions (Brodmann areas 8, 10, ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.06.007
更新日期:2005-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Auditory-verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are associated with an impaired connectivity of large-scale networks. To examine the relationship between white-matter integrity and AVHs, we conducted a meta-analysis of diffusion-tensor-imaging studies that compared patients with schizophrenia and AVHs with matched healthy contr...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.07.014
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studying Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY), a genetically defined disorder characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome, can reveal insights into genotype-phenotype associations. Increased vulnerability to psychiatric disorders characterized by difficulties in social interactions, such as schizophrenia and ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.02.020
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the relationship between the P300, neuropsychological test performance and symptomatology in recent-onset schizophrenic patients (n = 45) to gain insight into underlying mechanisms of abnormal P300 in schizophrenia. The P300 was recorded in two sessions with an intermission of five minutes, at the midl...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00184-0
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical improvement in psychotic symptoms is not immediate when neuroleptic treatment is commenced. Previous studies have demonstrated the development of biochemical tolerance to the effects of neuroleptics on the dopamine system. This study demonstrates a relationship between this biochemical change and the clinical...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0920-9964(90)90007-t
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have significant neuropsychological deficits that have been linked to poor functional outcome. As more treatments are developed and implemented for cognitive impairments, it will be important to consider whether people with schizophrenia have insight into the...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2008.07.007
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:One important risk factor for cardiovascular disease is the metabolic syndrome (MS), yet limited data exist on its prevalence in US patients with schizophrenia. METHODS:Using baseline data from the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) Schizophrenia Trial, assessment of MS prev...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.014
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with schizophrenia did not take significantly more trials than normal controls to learn to use a visual warning signal to avoid a non-aversive stimulus on a simple computer-administered avoidance learning task. When the stimulus to be avoided was aversive (i.e., a loud buzzer), however, the schizophrenic grou...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00181-9
更新日期:1999-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Variable levels of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPUFAs) reported in schizophrenia are likely due to differences in age, sex, ethnicity, diet, life style and treatments. The present study examined the EPUFAs levels in plasma, RBC and CSF in never-medicated first-episode psychotic patients and normal controls ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.09.036
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Atypical antipsychotics clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine have significant affinity for the muscarinic receptors in vitro, while aripiprazole, risperidone, and ziprasidone do not. Dissimilarity in binding profiles may contribute to the reported differences in the anticholinergic effects of these antipsyc...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.07.011
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deficits in N-methyl-d-aspartate-type (NMDAR) function contribute to cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, particularly dysfunction in neuroplasticity, defined as reduced learning during training on exercises that place implicit, increasing demands on early sensory (auditory and visual) information processing. Auditory...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.02.003
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of delusions is considered a key feature of psychosis, but despite the psychopathological centrality of the concept of delusion, its definition and comprehension is a matter of continuing debate. In recent years studies showing that delusions are common in the general population have accumulated and chall...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.043
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Deficits in the mediodorsal and anterior nuclei of the thalamus may contribute to the psychopathological symptoms of schizophrenia. These thalamic nuclei have been found to be abnormal in schizophrenia and have close connections with other brain structures implicated in the disorder. We therefore examined sch...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.02.012
更新日期:2005-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies of cerebral pathology in patients with schizophrenia have focused on symptomatological and electrophysiological correlates of reduced temporal lobe structure volumes. Volume deficits of the left superior temporal gyrus have been correlated with auditory hallucinations as well as to left-sided P300 ampli...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00006-7
更新日期:1999-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::There is controversy over whether the incidence rates of schizophrenia and psychotic disorders have changed in recent decades. To detect deviations from trends in incidence, we analysed admission data of patients with an ICD-8/9/10 diagnosis of psychotic disorders in the Canton Zurich / Switzerland, for the period 197...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2007.06.001
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motivational deficits in patients with schizophrenia adversely affect various domains of daily living. This symptom in everyday life situations manifests in a complex behavioral pattern whose root cannot be simplified to an impaired reward-motivation scheme. This study aimed to identify impairment of the salience netw...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.01.019
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is recognized that persons with schizophrenia tend to cope with stress in a relatively avoidant and ineffectual manner and that this coping style is linked to poorer outcome. Less is understood, however, about the interrelationship between symptoms, deficits in neurocognition and coping style in schizophrenia. To d...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.005
更新日期:2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with schizophrenia and comorbid drug use disorders (DUD) have a severe course of illness. Despite strong evidence that drug use can exacerbate psychotic symptoms, we have limited knowledge of how specific drugs may increase risk of schizophrenia readmission in this group. This study aimed to assess ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.09.026
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The number of antipsychotic prescriptions dispensed annually in England has increased substantially over the past decade. It is not known whether this is due to changes in prescribing practices, or an increase in the prevalence of psychosis. To our knowledge, no previous studies have investigated temporal tr...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2020.11.057
更新日期:2021-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Diminished expression is a diagnostic feature of a range of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders/conditions and is often unresponsive to treatment, is present across premorbid, first episode and various clinical states, and is considered a poor prognostic indicator. Surprisingly, little is known about diminished expressio...
journal_title:Schizophrenia research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.05.003
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00