Abstract:
PURPOSE:Bacopa monnieri (L.) WETTST. is extensively used in traditional Indian medicine as a nerve tonic. The neuropharmacological properties of bacopaside I, an important component from B. monnieri, have not been studied so far. The present study investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of bacopaside I in a rat model of transient focal ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). METHODS:Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: sham-operated group, ischemia group, and three bacopaside I-treated groups (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg) respectively. Bacopaside I or vehicle (0.5% CMC-Na) was administered orally once a day for 6 days. On the third day, the rats were subjected to 2 h right MCAO via the intraluminal filament technique and 70 h reperfusion. Assessment of behavioral deficits both at 22 and 70 h, and measurement of cerebral infarct volume, edema, cerebral energy metabolism, relative enzyme activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, nitric oxide (NO) level, and antioxidant enzyme activities at 70 h, performed after MCAO reperfusion. RESULTS:Bacopaside I (10 and 30 mg/kg) treatment produced significant reduction in neurological deficits at 22 and 70 h, and significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume and edema at 70 h, when compared with the ischemia group. Animal, that were orally treated with bacopaside I (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg) showed increased the brain ATP content, energy charge (EC), total adenine nucleotides (TAN), nitric oxide (NO) level, Na+K+ATPase and Ca2+Mg2+ATPase activity. Bacopaside I (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg) treatment also improved antioxidant enzyme activities including brain superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), in varying degrees, compared with the ischemia group. In addition, three doses of bacopaside I (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg) markedly inhibited the increase in MDA content of the brain. CONCLUSIONS:These findings indicated that bacopaside I possess a neuroprotective effect against injury caused by cerebral ischemia. The protective mechanism might be related to improving cerebral energy metabolism and increasing antioxidant levels.
journal_name
Restor Neurol Neuroscijournal_title
Restorative neurology and neuroscienceauthors
Liu X,Yue R,Zhang J,Shan L,Wang R,Zhang Wdoi
10.3233/RNN-120228subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
109-23issue
2eissn
0922-6028issn
1878-3627pii
RU33307P1KR21947journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may enhance plastic changes in the human cortex and modulation of behavior. However, the underlying neural mechanisms have not been sufficiently investigated. We examined the clinical effects and neural correlates of high-frequency rTMS coupled ...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3233/RNN-2012-110162
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following brain injury there is an excessive release of glutamate, a reduction in levels of cellular Mg+ +, and the generation of oxygen free radicals. These processes may contribute to the severity of the behavioral impairments seen following brain injury by leading to secondary neuronal degeneration. The present exp...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-1997-111208
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The present work compared the behavioral outcomes of ACCS therapy delivered either intravenously (i.v.) or intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) after penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI). Histological markers for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration were employed to investigate the potential therapeu...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-140455
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:There is considerable variability in the extent and nature of the glial response to injury and neurodegeneration. Transplantation of fetal cortical tissue onto the brain of neonatal host rats or mice results in region-specific changes dependent on where the fetal tissue is placed. These changes include chronic ...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-150591
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries are severe burdens for the patients, their relatives, the health care providers and society as a whole. Recent data demonstrate the magnitude of the problem: It is mostly a disease of the young gen-eration (age 20-45 years) with mortality rates for severe traumatic brain injury...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Aging is believed to affect epigenetic marking of brain DNA with 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and possibly via the 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) conversion by TET (ten-eleven translocation) enzymes. We investigated the impact of aging on hippocampal DNA 5-hydroxymethylation including in the sequence of aging-...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-2012-110223
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We examined the feasibility and outcome of electromyographically triggered electrical muscle stimulation (EMG-ES) plus unilateral or bilateral task specific practice on arm function in chronic stroke survivors with moderate-severe hemiplegia. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to examine inter-hemispher...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3233/RNN-130319
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Specific investigation of dual task-interference (DTI) may help researchers to develop the optimal training exercise for enhancing the performance of daily activities. OBJECTIVES:To reveal the DTI by comparing the performances between personalized single tasks (cognitive or motor task) and dual task with se...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3233/RNN-180825
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The present study was aimed to investigate whether combination treatment with progesterone and rehabilitation training would be more effective than monotherapy after cerebral ischemia. METHODS:C57BL/6 mice were subjected to focal ischemia by photothrombosis and were treated with progesterone (2 mg/kg), rehabil...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-130312
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The brain can undergo self-repair and has the ability to compensate for functions lost after a stroke. The plasticity of the ischemic brain is influenced by several factors including aging and pharmacotherapy. Fluoxetine is an antidepressant which enhances serotonergic neurotransmission through selective inhibition of...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3233/RNN-170725
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-2011-0623
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Freezing of gait (FOG) affects mobility and balance seriously. Few reports have investigated the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on FOG in Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the efficacy of high-frequency rTMS for the treatment of FOG in PD. METHODS:Seventeen patients diag...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3233/RNN-140489
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Transgenic manipulation of mouse physiology facilitates the preclinical study of genetic risk factors, neural plasticity, and reactive processes accompanying Alzheimer's disease. Alternatively, entorhinal cortex lesions (ECLs) model pathophysiological denervation and axonal sprouting in rat. Given reports of an...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-130311
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although neurotransmitter-based hypotheses still prevail current thinking about the mechanism of action of psychotropic drugs, recent insight into the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders has unveiled a range of new therapeutic actions of the drugs used to treat those disorders. Especially antidepressants seem to ...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3233/RNN-139004
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-130361
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To analyze the effects of CGP 3466, a compound structurally related to deprenyl, on survival and function of fetal ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. METHODS:Free-floating roller tube (FFRT) cultures of rat (E14) ventral mesencephalon were treated with CGP 3466 [10-8 M] for 7 days. Tyrosine hydroxylas...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:After stroke, the learned non-use of a paretic arm is a major obstacle to the improvement of hand function. OBJECTIVE:We examined whether patients with a central paresis could profit from applying the self-regulation strategy of making if-then plans that specify situational triggers to using the paretic arm...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-170748
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The present study was designed to investigate the neural correlates of German Sign Language (Deutsche Gebärdensprache; DGS) processing. In particular, was expected the impact of the visuo-spatial mode in sign language on underlying neural networks compared to the impact of the interpretation of linguistic infor...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::PURPOSE: Until recently, there has been a limited amount of research comparing functional and anatomical recovery following nerve injury. Previous studies emphasizing anatomical recovery (such as axonal number) have shown that testosterone promotes regeneration in crushed and transected nerves. The purpose of this stu...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animals with unilateral neurotoxic lesions in the striatum exhibit a stereotypical biased rotational behavior in response to dopamine agonists. We recently argued that the rotational test may be subject to sensitization effects of the drug. Accordingly, we proposed the drug-free elevated body swing test (EBST) as an a...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-1995-9103
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Interacting with others by reading their emotional expressions is an essential social skill in humans. How this ability develops during infancy and what brain processes underpin infants' perception of emotion in different modalities are the questions dealt with in this paper. METHODS:Literature review. RESULT...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3233/RNN-2010-0499
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Understanding the neural mechanisms of stroke recovery is of paramount importance for neurorehabilitation. METHODS:For this purpose, we analyzed several TMS and EEG variables and their association with motor recovery. Thirty-five subjects with chronic stroke were recruited. The neurophysiological examination i...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-150550
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterized by progressive and disabling symptoms. An impaired oxidative metabolism efficiency was supposed to be involved in the systemic impairment. Rehabilitative treatment represents a valid tool in promoting skeletal muscle's adaptations, even if no solid studies on muscle ...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-170738
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-130380
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Despite advances towards potential clinically viable therapies there has been only limited success in improving functional recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI). In rats, exposure to an enriched environment (EE) improves learning and fosters motor skill development. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-140408
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Traumatic brain injury can result in lasting cognitive dysfunction due to degeneration of mature hippocampal neurons as well as the loss of immature neurons within the dentate gyrus. While endogenous neurogenesis affords a partial recovery of the immature neuron population, hippocampal neurogenesis may be en...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-180831
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antagonizing effect of the β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (PRP) on the desipramine (DMI)-induced regeneration of brain noradrenergic fibers was examined. The symmetrical sites of the rat frontal cortex were pretreated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Then, the same cortical site of one hemisphere was infuse...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3233/RNN-1994-6405
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), can modify cortical excitability in a lasting fashion. The modification can be bi-directional in nature and holds considerable therapeutic promise for a number of neurological conditions. However, the effectiveness ...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3233/RNN-2010-0565
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We wished to evaluate the efficacy of vision restoration therapy (VRT) in patients with post-chiasmatic brain damage using different functional perimetric tests. These were compared with measures of subjective vision and reaction time. METHODS:An open trial was conducted with hemianopia/scotoma (n=16) patients...
journal_title:Restorative neurology and neuroscience
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00