Abstract:
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Epilepsy is a frequent complication of central nervous system (CNS) infections. Post-infectious epilepsy is commonly refractory to medical treatment and plays a pivotal role for the poor long-term outcome of CNS infections. OBJECTIVES:To provide an overview of clinical characteristics and risk factors of seizures associated with CNS infections. In addition, to summarize the state of the art of anticonvulsive treatment and the pre-surgical evaluation process in refractory cases. METHODS:A comprehensive literature search for articles published between January 1970 and December 2011 was carried out. RESULTS:The occurrence of seizures during the acute course of meningitis, encephalitis and brain abscess is the main risk factor for the development of post-infectious epilepsy. There is a shortage of trials evaluating the efficacy of prophylactic and symptomatic treatment during the course of acute infection. Moreover, there are no randomized-controlled trials studying anticonvulsive drugs and their combinations for the management of post-infectious epilepsy. In a selected group of patients, however, medically refractory focal epilepsy is potentially curable by surgery. CONCLUSIONS:Further studies are required to improve the pathogenetic understanding of post-infectious epilepsy in order to develop preventive measures as well as to evaluate additional medical and surgical treatment strategies for the patients currently not considered for surgery.
journal_name
Eur J Neuroljournal_title
European journal of neurologyauthors
Sellner J,Trinka Edoi
10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03842.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-03-01 00:00:00pages
429-39issue
3eissn
1351-5101issn
1468-1331journal_volume
20pub_type
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