Molecular mechanisms underlying maturation and maintenance of the vertebrate neuromuscular junction.

abstract：:Acute inflammation plays an important role in host tissue defense against injury and infection, and also subsequent tissue repair. In the central nervous system parenchyma, following many types of insults, the acute inflammatory response to rapid neuronal degeneration or challenge with inflammatory substances differs ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Perry VH,Andersson PB,Gordon S

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:No therapy exists to slow down or prevent Parkinson's disease (PD), a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder. Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) emerged as promising disease-modifying agents in PD and are currently under clinical development. We argue that efforts in three research areas must converge to harness the full th...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Aron L,Klein R

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Progress in molecular genetics has enabled the dissection of several autosomal dominantly inherited forms of cerebrovascular disorders. Mutations in diverse genes might induce pathological changes in intracranial vessels, resulting in cerebral haemorrhages and ischaemic strokes. Such pathologies, however, might also r...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Kalaria RN

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Striatal enriched tyrosine phosphatase (STEP) has recently been identified as a crucial player in the regulation of synaptic function. It is restricted to neurons within the CNS and acts by downregulating the activity of MAP kinases, the tyrosine kinase Fyn and NMDA receptors. By modulating these substrates, STEP acts...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Braithwaite SP,Paul S,Nairn AC,Lombroso PJ

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Resolvins, including D and E series resolvins, are endogenous lipid mediators generated during the resolution phase of acute inflammation from the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Resolvins have potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution actions in severa...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Ji RR,Xu ZZ,Strichartz G,Serhan CN

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nervous system contains a diverse group of cells. Specification of the correct cell fate is obviously important for the proper function of the nervous system, yet how are the fates of different neurons determined during development? Very little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms used in the mammali...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Jan YN,Jan LY

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elucidation of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying neoplasia is one of the great success stories of modern science, but this success has not been associated with parallel improvements in the treatment of malignant tumors. One possible explanation for this failure is that the most important variables that supp...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Noble M,Dietrich J

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An abundance of experimental literature has established that gonadal steroid hormones are responsible for the sexual differentiation of neural circuitry, mediating a variety of reproductive behaviors and physiological mechanisms. These same hormones regulate the expression of reproductive function in the adult and may...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Simerly RB

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic studies have identified several of the genes associated with malformations of cortical development which might disrupt each of the main stages of cell proliferation and specification, neuronal migration and late cortical organization. The largest malformation groups, focal cortical dysplasia, heterotopia and p...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Guerrini R,Dobyns WB,Barkovich AJ

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past couple of years, it has become evident that some males carrying the fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) premutation, typically viewed to be normal, in fact manifest a neurodegenerative disease with ataxia and tremor. FMR1 premutation alleles uniquely produce FMR1 transcripts with an elongated CGG repeat,...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Orr HT

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular Ca2+ initiates physiological events as diverse as gene transcription, muscle contraction, cell division and exocytosis. Predictably, the metabolic machinery that elicits and responds to changes in intracellular Ca2+ is correspondingly heterogeneous. This review focuses on one element of this complex web ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Dunlap K,Luebke JI,Turner TJ

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Presynaptic NMDA receptors (preNMDARs) play pivotal roles in excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. They facilitate presynaptic neurotransmitter release and modulate mechanisms controlling synaptic maturation and plasticity during formative periods of brain development. There is an increasing understand...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Banerjee A,Larsen RS,Philpot BD,Paulsen O

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of neuroscientists in Europe is large enough to match that of the neuroscientific community in North America. However, the degree of cohesiveness in the former is hampered by, among other things, the lack of a common language, the existence of geopolitical boundaries, and the dearth of pan-European funding ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Singer W

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms underlying lesion formation in multiple sclerosis are unknown. The prevailing view is that macrophages are primary mediators of myelin destruction in the relapsing and remitting forms of this disease. However, recent findings have revealed widespread oligodendrocyte apoptosis in the absence of a clear c...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Matute C,Pérez-Cerdá F

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are pluripotent stem cells in the adult brain that might not be very different from those found in bone marrow. Recent and profound advances in the field of neuropoiesis, which often rely on insights from studies of hematopoiesis and in some instances use cross-paradigms with this field, have already revealed th...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Scheffler B,Horn M,Blumcke I,Laywell ED,Coomes D,Kukekov VG,Steindler DA

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antisocial aggression is a widespread and expensive social problem. Although aggressive behaviors and temperament are highly heritable, clinical and trait associations for the most promising candidate gene for aggression, MAOA, have been largely inconsistent. We suggest that limitations inherent to that approach might...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Buckholtz JW,Meyer-Lindenberg A

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular and cellular mechanisms by which plasticity is induced in the mature CNS (and, specifically, in the hippocampus) by environmental input are progressively being elucidated. However, the mechanisms - and even the existence - of functional and structural effects of environmental input (and, particularly, st...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Avishai-Eliner S,Brunson KL,Sandman CA,Baram TZ

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep is widely believed to play an essential role in synaptic plasticity. However, the precise mechanisms governing this presumptive function are largely unknown. There is also evidence for independent circadian oscillations in synaptic strength and morphology. Therefore, synaptic changes observed after sleep reflect...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Frank MG,Cantera R

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence of an endogenous cannabinoid system was demonstrated conclusively with the discovery of endogenous brain constituents capable of activating the cannabinoid receptors functionally. These compounds are synthesized by neuronal cells and inactivated through re-uptake and enzymatic hydrolysis by both neurons ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Di Marzo V,Melck D,Bisogno T,De Petrocellis L

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integrins comprise a large family of heterodimeric proteins that mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular-matrix adhesive connections. There is an extensive literature on their importance in neural development and cancer, but evidence for the existence of integrins in the adult CNS has emerged only recently. With grow...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Jones LS

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies of the iconic fall migration of monarch butterflies have illuminated the mechanisms behind their southward navigation while using a time-compensated sun compass. Skylight cues, such as the sun itself and polarized light, are processed through both eyes and are probably integrated in the brain's central ...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Reppert SM,Gegear RJ,Merlin C

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhythmical brain activity around 5Hz can be observed in the prefrontal cortex under conditions requiring high levels of cognitive control. However, its temporal dynamics are still elusive. A recent research paper (Cooper et al. Neuroimage 2019;189:130-140) provides evidence that the temporal evolution of this frontal-...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Sauseng P,Tschentscher N,Biel AL

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a common problem for older adults, leading to communication difficulties, isolation, and cognitive decline. Recently, hearing loss has been identified as potentially the most modifiable risk factor for dementia. Listening in challenging situations, or when the auditory system is dama...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Slade K,Plack CJ,Nuttall HE

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Women experience many pain conditions more frequently when compared with men, but the biological mechanisms underlying sex differences in pain remain poorly understood. In particular, little is known about possible sex differences in peripheral nociceptors, the fundamental building blocks of pain transmission. Emergin...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Chen Y,Navratilova E,Dodick DW,Porreca F

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stress is a major trigger of seizures in people with epilepsy. Exposure to stress results in the release of several stress mediators throughout the brain, including the hippocampus, a region sensitive to stress and prone to seizures. Stress mediators interact with their respective receptors to produce distinct effects...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Gunn BG,Baram TZ

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tissue injury can initiate bidirectional signaling between neurons, glia, and immune cells that creates and amplifies pain. While the ability for neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and cytokines to initiate and maintain pain has been extensively studied, recent work has identified a key role for reactive oxygen and nit...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Grace PM,Gaudet AD,Staikopoulos V,Maier SF,Hutchinson MR,Salvemini D,Watkins LR

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensory dendrites fall into many different morphological and functional classes. Polymodal nociceptors are one subclass of sensory neurons, which are of particular note owing to their elaborate dendritic arbors. Complex developmental programs are required to form these arbors and there is striking conservation of morp...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Hall DH,Treinin M

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell replacement therapy has been proposed as a means to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). In most studies, the transplanted cells have been placed within the target site, the striatum, and not within the lesioned site, the substantia nigra, as the adult nigrostriatal pathway was thought t...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Gaillard A,Jaber M

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The appearance of Santiago Ramón y Cajal in the world of neuroscience provoked a radical change in the course of its history. Cajal's studies of the microanatomy of virtually the whole CNS and his observations regarding degeneration and regeneration, together with his theories about the function, development and plast...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： DeFelipe J

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients suffering from severe depression often show an increased activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system, a premature escape from the cortisol suppressant action of dexamethasone, and a number of other neuroendocrine changes. This might be explained by defective glucocorticoid feedback inhi...

journal_title：Trends in neurosciences

authors： Barden N,Reul JM,Holsboer F

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00