Current concepts of the antireflux barrier.

abstract：:Hereditary pancreatitis is a clinical condition in which typical pancreatitis is associated with an inheritance pattern strongly suggestive of an autosomal dominant trait. Different variants have been described, some with aminoaciduria and some with ductal anomalies. Recurrent attacks are typical and lead to complicat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Perrault J

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Achalasia is a rare motility disorder of the esophagus characterized by the absence of peristalsis and defective relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. Patients present at all ages with dysphagia and regurgitation as main symptoms. The diagnosis is suggested by barium swallow and endoscopy and confirmed by mano...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Moonen AJ,Boeckxstaens GE

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease both may occur in the elderly. In many populations, a second peak in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease occurs near age 70. Clinical manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly are generally similar to those seen in younger patients, although there is a t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Grimm IS,Friedman LS

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CP remains a challenging disease. Endoscopic and surgical management, along with antioxidants, have helped in reducing chronic pain. Management of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency forms the cornerstone for improving nutrition in these patients. Newer therapeutic targets that will transcend the management of CP bey...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Trikudanathan G,Navaneethan U,Vege SS

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A better definition of a pseudocyst that clearly separates it from acute fluid collection, improvements in imaging studies, and a better understanding of the natural history of pseudocysts have changed the concepts regarding their management. The old teaching that cysts of more than 6 cm in diameter that have been pre...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Pitchumoni CS,Agarwal N

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines the transitions in pharmacological therapy for obesity. It reviews the current options approved by the Food and Drug Administration and several drugs approved for other indications that can be used to treat obesity as well. Because weight regulation is complex and redundant systems protect agains...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kaplan LM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although significant strides have been made in the surgical technique of orthotopic liver transplantation, numerous problems and nuisances are still encountered. Further surgical refinements will certainly evolve. The development of better preservation techniques, the use of intraoperative flowmeters, and the availabi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Makowka L,Stieber AC,Sher L,Kahn D,Mieles L,Bowman J,Marsh JW,Starzl TE

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article, the epidemiology of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is reviewed. Demographic features and natural history are described, the prevalence and incidence of EoE are highlighted, and risk factors for EoE are discussed. EoE can occur at any age, there is a male predominance, it is more common in whites, and ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Dellon ES

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article defines obesity, ideal body weight, morbid obesity, and indexes of overweight, pointing out some of the difficulties in studies of the epidemiology of morbid obesity. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kral JG,Heymsfield S

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foreign body ingestion is a common occurrence in children and in specific high-risk groups of adults such as those with underlying esophageal disease, prisoners, the mentally retarded, and those with psychiatric illnesses. Although most foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without difficulty, sharp, ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Brady PG

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Striking geographical differences occur in the clinical presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma in high and low incidence areas. This tumor is also associated with a number of paraneoplastic phenomena that may antedate the clinical appearance. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kassianides C,Kew MC

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Corticosteroids are a nonspecific immune modulator used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Topical and systemic forms of corticosteroids have been shown to be effective in induction of clinical remission and remain first-line therapy for acute severe ulcerative colitis. A large proportion of patients experience a...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： George LA,Cross RK

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the availability of a protective vaccine for over 3 decades, the number of persons with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains high. These persons are at risk for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current treatment is effective at inhibiting viral replication and reducing complications of chro...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Spyrou E,Smith CI,Ghany MG

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Choosing NSAID therapy remains confusing and controversial-the challenge for the clinician is to sum all the risks as well as analgesic and anti-inflammatory efficacy. COX-2 inhibitors are an important scientific advance in pain therapy, and using them in a safe and cost-effective manner is possible when all the compe...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Scheiman JM

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with chest pain of presumed esophageal origin should be reassured and should undergo an esophageal manometry study. In patients with spastic esophageal disorders, a trial with calcium channel blockers or low-dose antidepressants used as visceral analgesics is the best approach. Inpatients with non GERD-relate...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Schmulson MJ,Valdovinos MA

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The modern management of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding includes, in selected patients, the performance of timely multimodal endoscopic hemostasis followed by profound acid suppression. This article discusses the available data on the use of antisecretory regimens in the management of patients with blee...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Greenspoon J,Barkun A

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic HIV-associated diarrhea is currently a field in flux. Improved noninvasive diagnostic tests, improved pathogen-specific regimens, and better empiric therapies may change some of the assumptions used to select algorithms for diagnostic evaluation and management. Any shift in the cause of diarrhea from pathogen-...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Cohen J,West AB,Bini EJ

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Swallowed fluticasone and oral viscous budesonide are effective first-line therapies for eosinophilic esophagitis in children. Side effects are minimal without evidence of Cushing syndrome, as seen in treatment with systemic corticosteroids. New studies on alternative delivery systems and different corticosteroids (eg...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Contreras EM,Gupta SK

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The management of recurrent, symptomatic malignant ascites can be problematic for physicians and patients. The most common, low-risk method is large-volume paracentesis. Patient disease progression often leads to rapid reaccumulation of ascites, which requires frequent return visits to the hospital for symptom managem...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Rosenberg SM

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphocyte homing antagonists represent promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Several critical molecules involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the intestine, including integrins and chemokine receptors, have been successfully targeted for the trea...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Saruta M,Papadakis KA

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The new genus name Helicobacter was first published in October 1989. H. pylori is a unipolar, multiflagellate, gently spiral organism found on the human gastric mucosa, but in culture and under unfavorable conditions, coccoidal forms emerge, which may be indicative of a dormant state. The biology and metabolism of H. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Goodwin CS,Worsley BW

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide spectrum of gastrointestinal illnesses impairs bone health and can result in bone pain, demineralization, and fracture. This article summarizes current knowledge of the skeletal pathology exhibited in patients with diseases of the liver, biliary tree, pancreas, and bowel. Mechanisms responsible for these syndro...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Lipkin EW

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder that has been shown to aggregate in families and to affect multiple generations, but not in a manner consistent with a major Mendelian effect. Relatives of an individual with IBS are 2 to 3 times as likely to have IBS, with both genders being affected. To date, more ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Saito YA

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Common disease states in gastroenterology are more effectively treated in an obese patient when weight loss is incorporated into the treatment plan. Strategies that seek to achieve weight loss improve outcomes in the treatment of hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and colorectal cancer, as examples. Pharm...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Keith JN

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is the most common emergency condition in gastroenterology. Although peptic ulcer and esophagogastric varices are the predominant causes, other conditions account for up to 50% of UGIBs. These conditions, among others, include angiodysplasia, Dieulafoy and Mallory-Weiss lesions, ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Tjwa ET,Holster IL,Kuipers EJ

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Barrett's esophagus, currently defined as endoscopically apparent columnar metaplasia of the esophagus with histologic documentation of goblet cells, is the precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, not all patients with this disorder require intensive surveillance. Pathologic diagnosis and grading of dysplasia...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hornick JL,Odze RD

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In patients with Crohn's disease on biologic medications, the use of therapeutic drug monitoring leads to a personalized approach to optimize treatment. Using an algorithmic approach, measurement of drug concentrations and anti-drug antibodies can be used to improve treatment outcomes. Therapeutic drug concentrations ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Heron V,Afif W

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholesterol gallstone disease is reversible and can be treated medically with either CDCA or UDCA. Both bile acids correct the hepatic metabolic defect that is responsible for hypersecretion of cholesterol into the bile, and both desaturate the bile. UDCA is preferred because it is more effective, desaturate the bile ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Salen G,Tint GS,Shefer S

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article has reviewed the morphologic features of BE and its complications of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma in routinely processed endoscopic biopsy and resection specimens. In addition, the problems related to the diagnosis of dysplasia in tissue samples have been analyzed, and the role of esophageal brush cytolog...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Antonioli DA,Wang HH

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is rapidly increasing in the Western world. In North America and western Europe, a marked shift in the epidemiologic profile of this disease has occurred. In the past, most patients with esophageal cancer were found to have epidermoid carcinoma. These patients frequentl...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kelsen D

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00