Surgical technique of orthotopic liver transplantation.

abstract：:Because there are no reliable biological or laboratory markers associated with the condition, the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is based on patient descriptions of common symptoms such as abdominal pain accompanied by changes in stool form or frequency and associated symptoms such as bloating and distensi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Cash BD,Chey WD

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding of hemorrhoidal pathology and treatment has come a long way. The theory of a sliding anal canal lining and the knowledge that hemorrhoidal cushions are a normal part of the anal anatomy should encourage symptom control rather than radical removal of tissue. Techniques that fix the cushions back in positi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hulme-Moir M,Bartolo DC

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD and UC represent a spectrum of chronic IBD that present in protean ways and are accompanied by a variety of systemic sequelae. Sulfasalazine and the newer 5-aminosalicylates are important in the management of mild-to-moderate disease, whereas corticosteroids remain the primary therapy for most patients with moderat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stein RB,Hanauer SB

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A persisting reservoir of the Gulf Coast strain of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 in Louisiana and Texas marshes and the shipment of seafood from these areas throughout the United States means that sporadic cases and outbreaks of cholera may occur anywhere in the country for the foreseeable future. Such cases are most likel...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Blake PA

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Occult gastrointestinal bleeding is loss of blood into the digestive tract that is not apparent to the patient or physician by physical examination. It is detected by examination of the stool for chemical evidence of blood by laboratory techniques or by the observation of iron deficiency. The presence of occult blood ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Richter JM

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the availability of a protective vaccine for over 3 decades, the number of persons with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains high. These persons are at risk for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Current treatment is effective at inhibiting viral replication and reducing complications of chro...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Spyrou E,Smith CI,Ghany MG

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Barium radiography of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with AIDS can assist in the evaluation of numerous problems including dysphagia, odynophagia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, symptoms of intermittent obstruction, and/or gastrointestinal bleeding. It can localize disease, evaluate complications, guide endoscopic ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Wall SD

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary prevention of colonic adenomas and cancer through dietary interventions or chemoprevention has great appeal. This article discusses primary prevention goals and promising nutritional or chemopreventive strategies. There is substantial observational evidence that diets high in total calories and fat and or low ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Gatof D,Ahnen D

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous extraintestinal diseases have been associated with IBD. The role of the gastrointestinal tract in host response to the foreign antigens present in the gut makes the enteric immune system highly susceptible to any external perturbation to the system. Dysregulation of the enteric immune response results in path...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Su CG,Judge TA,Lichtenstein GR

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because functional bowel disorders have no reliable markers, they must be defined by their symptoms. The various constellations of symptoms (syndromes) may have different mechanisms, differential diagnoses, and treatments. Therefore, precise classification is important on clinical and scientific grounds. Functional bo...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Thompson WG

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individuals with a genetic predisposition to Crohn's disease develop aberrant immune responses to environmental triggers. The gastrointestinal microbiota is increasingly recognized to play an important role in the development of Crohn's disease. Decrease in global gut microbial diversity and specific bacterial alterat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Khanna S,Raffals LE

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of high-frequency ultrasound transducers combined with manometry in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has yielded important findings concerning the anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the high-pressure zone of the gastroesophageal junction and the sphincteric muscles within. These transducers have made p...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Miller L,Vegesna A,Kalra A,Besetty R,Dai Q,Korimilli A,Brasseur JG

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Topical therapy with amino salicylate enemas is the treatment of choice for proctitis, proctosigmoiditis, and left-sided ulcerative colitis. Adjunctive sulfasalazine therapy is often required. Relapse rates of 80 per cent can be expected within 3 months of discontinuing therapy. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Ginsberg AL

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diverticulitis represents a spectrum of clinical entities ranging from minimal pericolitis in the adjacent mesentery to uncontrolled intra-abdominal sepsis and septic shock. The presentation most often described is left lower quadrant abdominal pain, fever, chills, and left lower quadrant tenderness associated with a ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Pohlman T

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the role of therapeutic endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of nonvariceal upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage. The initial approach to patients with GI bleeding is reviewed. Endoscopic treatment of various stigmata of recent peptic ulcer hemorrhage is discussed in detail. Manage...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Savides TJ,Jensen DM

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholesterol gallstone disease is reversible and can be treated medically with either CDCA or UDCA. Both bile acids correct the hepatic metabolic defect that is responsible for hypersecretion of cholesterol into the bile, and both desaturate the bile. UDCA is preferred because it is more effective, desaturate the bile ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Salen G,Tint GS,Shefer S

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anal cancer is rare and this helps to explain why anal pre-neoplastic conditions are poorly understood, especially with regard to their natural history and management. Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is closely linked to human papillomavirus infection and is particularly common in homosexuals and in immunosuppressed pa...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Shepherd NA

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The view of surgical treatment of esophageal carcinoma is pessimistic. This is so because (1) most patients present late in the disease and are beyond the benefits of surgical therapy for cure, (2) resection is associated with a high operative mortality, and (3) the poor 5-year survival rates for surgical resection ci...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Bremner RM,DeMeester TR

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ischemic bowel diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders usually seen in elderly individuals. They represent ischemic damage to different portions [figure: see text] of the bowel and produce a variety of clinical syndromes and outcomes. Colonic ischemia is the commonest of these disorders and has a favorable...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Greenwald DA,Brandt LJ,Reinus JF

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines the transitions in pharmacological therapy for obesity. It reviews the current options approved by the Food and Drug Administration and several drugs approved for other indications that can be used to treat obesity as well. Because weight regulation is complex and redundant systems protect agains...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kaplan LM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hemorrhoids and anal fissures are common benign anorectal conditions that form a significant part of a colorectal surgeon's workload. This review summarizes and evaluates the current techniques available in their management. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Chong PS,Bartolo DC

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoscopic approaches have revolutionized the palliation of advanced pancreatic cancer. The ideal management consists of a multidisciplinary approach involving surgeons, endoscopists, radiologists, and oncologists. Concurrent advances in the fields of interventional radiology and laparoscopic surgical oncology should ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Sanders M,Papachristou GI,McGrath KM,Slivka A

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide spectrum of gastrointestinal illnesses impairs bone health and can result in bone pain, demineralization, and fracture. This article summarizes current knowledge of the skeletal pathology exhibited in patients with diseases of the liver, biliary tree, pancreas, and bowel. Mechanisms responsible for these syndro...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Lipkin EW

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gallstones are common with prevalences as high as 60% to 70% in American Indians and 10% to 15% in white adults of developed countries. Ethnic differences abound with a reduced frequency in black Americans and those from East Asia, while being rare in sub-Saharan Africa. Certain risk factors for gallstones are immutab...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stinton LM,Myers RP,Shaffer EA

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dramatic refinements in CT technology are resulting in improved evaluation of the liver, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. Further clinical trials are necessary to compare the relative merits of CT versus MR imaging and endoscopic ultrasonography in a wide variety of gastrointestinal diseases. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Zeman RK,Silverman PM,Cooper C,Weltman DI,Ascher SM,Patt RH

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evaluation and treatment of patients after operations on the foregut is a challenge for physicians and surgeons. The early postoperative period is an especially important interval because the very survival of the patient as well as the success of the surgical intervention depends on the correct interpretation of t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Donahue PE

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current practice guidelines recommend annual fecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer in the average-risk population over the age of 50. Efficacy of fecal occult blood test screening is supported by several controlled prospective trials and case-control studies. Implementation of this recommendation, in...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Bond JH

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In most patients presenting with acute pancreatitis, the cause can be established on the basis of initial history, physical examination, laboratory studies, and abdominal sonography. Patients with unexplained pancreatitis at that point are often considered to have idiopathic disease. However, a cause and, often, effec...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Grendell JH

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The management of recurrent, symptomatic malignant ascites can be problematic for physicians and patients. The most common, low-risk method is large-volume paracentesis. Patient disease progression often leads to rapid reaccumulation of ascites, which requires frequent return visits to the hospital for symptom managem...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Rosenberg SM

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on the most recent therapies for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who are naïve to therapy. The primary end point for the treatment of naïve HCV patients is viral eradication or a sustained virological response, which is defined as the absence of HCV in the serum, as detected by a sensitive p...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Oh S,Afdhal NH

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00