Surgical technique of orthotopic liver transplantation.

abstract：:The view of surgical treatment of esophageal carcinoma is pessimistic. This is so because (1) most patients present late in the disease and are beyond the benefits of surgical therapy for cure, (2) resection is associated with a high operative mortality, and (3) the poor 5-year survival rates for surgical resection ci...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Bremner RM,DeMeester TR

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on the most recent therapies for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who are naïve to therapy. The primary end point for the treatment of naïve HCV patients is viral eradication or a sustained virological response, which is defined as the absence of HCV in the serum, as detected by a sensitive p...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Oh S,Afdhal NH

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lower esophageal sphincter, crural diaphragm, and phrenoesophageal ligament are the anatomic structures that constitute the antireflux barrier. The intraluminal pressure at the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) reflects the strength of the antireflux barrier. The end-expiratory pressure is a result of the tonic activ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Mittal RK

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on preventing the initiation and promotion of neoplastic growth in colon cancer, particularly with dietary measures. A goal of dietary epidemiology is to identify chemopreventive agents and strategies. The effects of diet are analyzed by observational approaches and experimental dietary, nutrition...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Marshall JR

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Capsule endoscopy is a relatively new technology available in the investigation of IBD. Its place in the algorithm of evaluating IBD is being refined. Capsule endoscopy has the ability to visualize the entire SB with very few complications. It is a sensitive test for the diagnosis of mucosal changes, but should be vie...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： de Melo SW Jr,Di Palma JA

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD and UC represent a spectrum of chronic IBD that present in protean ways and are accompanied by a variety of systemic sequelae. Sulfasalazine and the newer 5-aminosalicylates are important in the management of mild-to-moderate disease, whereas corticosteroids remain the primary therapy for most patients with moderat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stein RB,Hanauer SB

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gastrointestinal endoscopy had major technological improvements and novel technologies in recent years. High-definition endoscopy has permitted an increasingly detailed view of the mucosa during colonoscopy. Filter techniques that enhance analysis of vessel and surface structures. Autofluorescence imaging relies on fu...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Goetz M

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diverticulitis represents a spectrum of clinical entities ranging from minimal pericolitis in the adjacent mesentery to uncontrolled intra-abdominal sepsis and septic shock. The presentation most often described is left lower quadrant abdominal pain, fever, chills, and left lower quadrant tenderness associated with a ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Pohlman T

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Barrett's metaplasia develops in 6% to 14% of individuals with gastroesophageal reflux. Barrett's adenocarcinomas are increasing in epidemic proportions for, as yet unknown, reasons; approximately 0.5% to 1% of patients with Barrett's metaplasia develop adenocarcinoma. Heartburn duration and frequency (but not severit...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Reynolds JC,Waronker M,Pacquing MS,Yassin RR

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines the transitions in pharmacological therapy for obesity. It reviews the current options approved by the Food and Drug Administration and several drugs approved for other indications that can be used to treat obesity as well. Because weight regulation is complex and redundant systems protect agains...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kaplan LM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HCV in the East is a complex scenario with prevalence rates of 0.5% to as high as 4.7%, and variable distributions of genotypes, with a dominance of genotype 1b in East Asia, genotype 3 in South Asia and South East Asia, and genotype 6 in Indochina. Approvals for the new oral directing antiviral agents (DAAs), in the ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Dan YY,Lim SG

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphocyte homing antagonists represent promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Several critical molecules involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the intestine, including integrins and chemokine receptors, have been successfully targeted for the trea...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Saruta M,Papadakis KA

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anal cancer is rare and this helps to explain why anal pre-neoplastic conditions are poorly understood, especially with regard to their natural history and management. Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is closely linked to human papillomavirus infection and is particularly common in homosexuals and in immunosuppressed pa...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Shepherd NA

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Striking geographical differences occur in the clinical presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma in high and low incidence areas. This tumor is also associated with a number of paraneoplastic phenomena that may antedate the clinical appearance. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kassianides C,Kew MC

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hereditary pancreatitis is a clinical condition in which typical pancreatitis is associated with an inheritance pattern strongly suggestive of an autosomal dominant trait. Different variants have been described, some with aminoaciduria and some with ductal anomalies. Recurrent attacks are typical and lead to complicat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Perrault J

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is shortsighted to consider only the esophageal manifestations and complications of esophageal reflux. That such reflux can directly affect not only the lung but also the oropharynx and larynx, both by direct acid contact and reflex neurologic mechanisms, has been demonstrated repeatedly. The task of the future wil...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kozarek RA

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Constipation and diarrhea are common during pregnancy, occurring in up to one-third of women. Constipation is often the result of physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy, usually from hormonal effects on gastrointestinal motility. Diarrhea, on the other hand, is often caused by the same disorders responsible f...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Bonapace ES Jr,Fisher RS

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Crohn's disease is not medically (and is rarely surgically) curable. Patients do, however, live a normal life span. The goal of therapy is to optimize the quality of life, minimize disease activity and disease-related complications, and avoid therapeutic toxicity. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Harrison J,Hanauer SB

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bile supersaturation is necessary for cholesterol gallstones to form. Not all people with supersaturated bile form gallstones, however, and additional factors must be present. The role of pronucleating substances has been extensively studied. Of these, proteins, especially mucin, are best understood. Mucin is secreted...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Ko CW,Lee SP

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tobacco and alcohol use are strong risk factors for cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Saturated fat and red meat intake also appear to increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The strongest and most consistent dietary protective factors for gastrointestinal cancer are vegetables and fruits. Some micronutrient...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hensrud DD,Heimburger DC

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The management of recurrent, symptomatic malignant ascites can be problematic for physicians and patients. The most common, low-risk method is large-volume paracentesis. Patient disease progression often leads to rapid reaccumulation of ascites, which requires frequent return visits to the hospital for symptom managem...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Rosenberg SM

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The modern management of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding includes, in selected patients, the performance of timely multimodal endoscopic hemostasis followed by profound acid suppression. This article discusses the available data on the use of antisecretory regimens in the management of patients with blee...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Greenspoon J,Barkun A

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a severe form of intestinal dysmotility disorder, characterized by the impairment of gastrointestinal propulsion of the gut content in the absence of fixed occluding lesions. CIPO is a rare disease that can develop in both children and adults. CIPO is classified as prima...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Pironi L,Sasdelli AS

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Women have started to enter gastroenterology (GI) in significant numbers over the past 5 years, although they are still underrepresented compared with the proportion of female graduating medical students. This underrepresentation is most likely caused by the culture of GI where female students and residents have felt ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Elta GH

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex clinical process with multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms. There has recently been a shift in the treatment of patients with severe IBS symptoms to disease-modifying therapies as opposed to symptomatic treatment. Because pathophysiologic differences exist between men and wo...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Tsynman DN,Thor S,Kroser JA

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although many mechanisms remain unclear, a large body of evidence indicates that several dietary and lifestyle factors are likely to have a major influence on the risk of colon cancer. Physical inactivity, excess body weight, and a central deposition of adiposity are consistent risk factors. Overconsumption of energy ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Giovannucci E

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has increased dramatically in the past 3 decades, making its precursor lesion Barrett's esophagus (BE) an important clinical problem. Effective interventions are available, but overall outcomes remain unchanged. Most of the BE population remains undiagnosed; most EACs are diagnosed late...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Bansal A,Fitzgerald RC

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Occult gastrointestinal bleeding is loss of blood into the digestive tract that is not apparent to the patient or physician by physical examination. It is detected by examination of the stool for chemical evidence of blood by laboratory techniques or by the observation of iron deficiency. The presence of occult blood ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Richter JM

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder that has been shown to aggregate in families and to affect multiple generations, but not in a manner consistent with a major Mendelian effect. Relatives of an individual with IBS are 2 to 3 times as likely to have IBS, with both genders being affected. To date, more ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Saito YA

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gallstones are common with prevalences as high as 60% to 70% in American Indians and 10% to 15% in white adults of developed countries. Ethnic differences abound with a reduced frequency in black Americans and those from East Asia, while being rare in sub-Saharan Africa. Certain risk factors for gallstones are immutab...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stinton LM,Myers RP,Shaffer EA

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00