New observations on the gastroesophageal antireflux barrier.

Abstract:

:The use of high-frequency ultrasound transducers combined with manometry in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has yielded important findings concerning the anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the high-pressure zone of the gastroesophageal junction and the sphincteric muscles within. These transducers have made previously invisible portions of the GI tract accessible to investigation. Three distinct high-pressure zones have been identified and correlated with anatomic structures: the extrinsic sphincter (crural diaphragm) and the two components of the intrinsic sphincter (an upper LES and a lower LES [the gastric sling fiber/clasp fiber complex]). This article discusses the possible underlying pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease; the biomechanics of the gastroesophageal junction high-pressure zone; and the mechanism of action of standard surgical and newer endoscopic therapies for gastroesophageal reflux disease.

authors

Miller L,Vegesna A,Kalra A,Besetty R,Dai Q,Korimilli A,Brasseur JG

doi

10.1016/j.gtc.2007.07.008

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2007-09-01 00:00:00

pages

601-17, ix

issue

3

eissn

0889-8553

issn

1558-1942

pii

S0889-8553(07)00068-4

journal_volume

36

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Tumors of the liver, other than primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

    abstract::Hepatic angiosarcoma is the second most common primary malignant neoplasm of the liver. Although comprising only 2 per cent of all hepatic primary tumors, it represents a major clinical problem because of its strong association with industrial vinyl chloride exposure and its incurability. Strict ceilings on the amount...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Weinman MD,Chopra S

    更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00

  • Management of the Patient with Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction and Intestinal Failure.

    abstract::Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a severe form of intestinal dysmotility disorder, characterized by the impairment of gastrointestinal propulsion of the gut content in the absence of fixed occluding lesions. CIPO is a rare disease that can develop in both children and adults. CIPO is classified as prima...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2019.08.005

    authors: Pironi L,Sasdelli AS

    更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00

  • Biopsy Diagnosis of Celiac Disease: The Pathologist's Perspective in Light of Recent Advances.

    abstract::Celiac disease is a common immune-mediated disorder that occurs in individuals with permissive genetics (HLA-DQ2/DQ8 genotype) following exposure to certain wheat proteins. The histopathologic manifestations of small intestinal mucosal injury (villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and intraepithelial lymphocytosis) are w...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2018.09.003

    authors: Lagana SM,Bhagat G

    更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00

  • Clinical manifestations of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.

    abstract::Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is the most common genetic cause of liver disease in infants and children and is the most common genetic disease for which liver transplantation is indicated. This article presents the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and pathogenesis of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. ...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Perlmutter DH

    更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00

  • Imaging in Autoimmune Pancreatitis and Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease of the Abdomen.

    abstract::Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is steroid-responsive fibroinflammatory disorder of the pancreas. There are 2 distinct subtypes of AIP, types 1 and 2. Type 1 is associated with systemic immunoglobulin (Ig)G4 disease and may affect multiple organs in the body. Type 2 is confined to the pancreas and shows an association w...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2018.04.007

    authors: Sandrasegaran K,Menias CO

    更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00

  • Fecal occult blood testing for colorectal cancer. Can we afford not to do this?

    abstract::Current practice guidelines recommend annual fecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer in the average-risk population over the age of 50. Efficacy of fecal occult blood test screening is supported by several controlled prospective trials and case-control studies. Implementation of this recommendation, in...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70283-1

    authors: Bond JH

    更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00

  • Ontogeny of the mucosal immune system and IgA deficiency.

    abstract::Studies of ontogenesis contribute to better understanding of regulatory events underlying the striking heterogeneity in B-cell differentiation pathways employed in the human mucosal immune system. This disparity is probably explained by exogenous environmental factors, although regional differences probably also exist...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Brandtzaeg P,Nilssen DE,Rognum TO,Thrane PS

    更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00

  • Multimodality therapy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.

    abstract::The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is rapidly increasing in the Western world. In North America and western Europe, a marked shift in the epidemiologic profile of this disease has occurred. In the past, most patients with esophageal cancer were found to have epidermoid carcinoma. These patients frequentl...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70319-8

    authors: Kelsen D

    更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00

  • Idiopathic acute pancreatitis.

    abstract::In most patients presenting with acute pancreatitis, the cause can be established on the basis of initial history, physical examination, laboratory studies, and abdominal sonography. Patients with unexplained pancreatitis at that point are often considered to have idiopathic disease. However, a cause and, often, effec...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Grendell JH

    更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00

  • Infectious diarrhea in human immunodeficiency virus.

    abstract::Chronic HIV-associated diarrhea is currently a field in flux. Improved noninvasive diagnostic tests, improved pathogen-specific regimens, and better empiric therapies may change some of the assumptions used to select algorithms for diagnostic evaluation and management. Any shift in the cause of diarrhea from pathogen-...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70203-x

    authors: Cohen J,West AB,Bini EJ

    更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00

  • Biomarkers in Barrett's Esophagus: Role in Diagnosis, Risk Stratification, and Prediction of Response to Therapy.

    abstract::Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has increased dramatically in the past 3 decades, making its precursor lesion Barrett's esophagus (BE) an important clinical problem. Effective interventions are available, but overall outcomes remain unchanged. Most of the BE population remains undiagnosed; most EACs are diagnosed late...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2015.02.008

    authors: Bansal A,Fitzgerald RC

    更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00

  • Mesalamine derivatives in the treatment of Crohn's disease.

    abstract::The role of the aminosalicylates for induction therapy of mild moderate ulcerative colitis and as maintenance treatment has been substantiated by a large series of controlled clinical trials and confirmatory meta-analyses. Both sulfasalazine and newer derivatives are effective in preventing relapses. It remains to be ...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2004.02.010

    authors: Harrell LE,Hanauer SB

    更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00

  • Gastrointestinal imaging in AIDS--luminal gastrointestinal tract.

    abstract::Barium radiography of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with AIDS can assist in the evaluation of numerous problems including dysphagia, odynophagia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, symptoms of intermittent obstruction, and/or gastrointestinal bleeding. It can localize disease, evaluate complications, guide endoscopic ...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Wall SD

    更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00

  • Experimental approaches to colon cancer prevention in humans.

    abstract::Colorectal cancer is a major illness in the Western world. International and migrant studies suggest that environmental causes, notably a fat- and calorie-dense diet (even if adopted in adulthood), are associated with the disease. Case-control studies have not conclusively identified specific etiologic dietary factors...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Neil GA,Bruce WR

    更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00

  • Hepatitis B: modern end points of treatment and the specter of viral resistance.

    abstract::The goal of antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B is to prevent the complications of cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, HCC, and death. Because these clinical outcomes may take a long period of time to develop, it is important to use intermediate or surrogate end points to evaluate the efficacy and response to an...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2011.06.004

    authors: Lee M,Keeffe EB

    更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00

  • Steroids in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis.

    abstract::Swallowed fluticasone and oral viscous budesonide are effective first-line therapies for eosinophilic esophagitis in children. Side effects are minimal without evidence of Cushing syndrome, as seen in treatment with systemic corticosteroids. New studies on alternative delivery systems and different corticosteroids (eg...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2014.02.008

    authors: Contreras EM,Gupta SK

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00

  • Molecular diagnostic techniques for viral hepatitis.

    abstract::The five different viruses that cause human viral hepatitis, A, B, C, D, and E share the unique property of hepatotropism. Identification of the nucleic acid sequences of each of these viruses, coupled with the application of recombinant DNA technology, has resulted in the rapid development of molecular diagnostic tec...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Hu KQ,Vierling JM

    更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00

  • Epidemiology of eosinophilic esophagitis.

    abstract::In this article, the epidemiology of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is reviewed. Demographic features and natural history are described, the prevalence and incidence of EoE are highlighted, and risk factors for EoE are discussed. EoE can occur at any age, there is a male predominance, it is more common in whites, and ...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2014.02.002

    authors: Dellon ES

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00

  • Improving Mental Health for the Mother-Infant Dyad by Nutrition and the Maternal Gut Microbiome.

    abstract::Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMAD) have significant negative impacts on mother and child, yet treatments are limited. Adequate nutrition during the perinatal period is essential to maternal and infant health, including maternal mental health and the child's neurologic and neuropsychiatric development. Nutriti...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2019.04.007

    authors: Bernabé BP,Tussing-Humphreys L,Rackers HS,Welke L,Mantha A,Kimmel MC

    更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00

  • The adenomatous polyp and the hereditary polyposis syndromes.

    abstract::Adenomatous polyps are the benign precursors of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Colonic adenomas occur commonly in adults in Western countries. There is recent evidence that inheritance may play an important role in the etiology of these adenomatous polyps. Colonic adenomatous polyposis (numerous colonic adenomas) is the c...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Burt RW,Samowitz WS

    更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00

  • Radionuclide imaging in morbid obesity.

    abstract::Radionuclide studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract have been useful in many gastrointestinal disorders. However, the literature relating to radionuclide techniques in morbid obesity is limited and, at times, controversial. It is hoped that this brief review will stimulate interest in the use of tracer techniques...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: DeRogatis AJ

    更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00

  • Hepatitis C: An Eastern Perspective.

    abstract::HCV in the East is a complex scenario with prevalence rates of 0.5% to as high as 4.7%, and variable distributions of genotypes, with a dominance of genotype 1b in East Asia, genotype 3 in South Asia and South East Asia, and genotype 6 in Indochina. Approvals for the new oral directing antiviral agents (DAAs), in the ...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2015.07.007

    authors: Dan YY,Lim SG

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • Surgical risk assessment and management in patients with HIV disease.

    abstract::Determining the perioperative risks associated with surgical procedures performed in patients with HIV disease is a difficult and complex task. Because HIV is a contagious, blood-borne pathogen, it threatens the health and well-being of both patient and health care provider. Despite poor early results, there is now co...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70300-9

    authors: Harris HW,Schecter WP

    更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00

  • Probiotics in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal infections.

    abstract::Probiotics have been studied in a variety of GI infections, and are an appealing concept given their favorable safety profiles. Several placebo-controlled trials indicated that lactobacilli have a suppressive effect on H pylori infection. Although some studies reported improvement in H pylori eradication, others faile...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2006.03.005

    authors: Huebner ES,Surawicz CM

    更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00

  • Diarrhea in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases.

    abstract::Diarrhea is a common clinical feature of inflammatory bowel diseases and may be accompanied by abdominal pain, urgency, and fecal incontinence. The pathophysiology of diarrhea in these diseases is complex, but defective absorption of salt and water by the inflamed bowel is the most important mechanism involved. In add...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2012.06.006

    authors: Wenzl HH

    更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00

  • Biology of the Microbiome 1: Interactions with the Host Immune Response.

    abstract::The intestinal immune system is intimately connected with the vast diversity of microbes present within the gut and the diversity of food components that are consumed daily. The discovery of novel molecular mechanisms, which mediate host-microbe-nutrient communication, have highlighted the important roles played by mi...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2016.09.004

    authors: Smolinska S,Groeger D,O'Mahony L

    更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00

  • Immunology of inflammatory bowel disease and molecular targets for biologics.

    abstract::Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated disease and involves a complex interplay of host genetics and environmental influences. Recent advances in the field, including data from genome-wide association studies and microbiome analysis, have started to unravel the complex interaction between host genetics...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2014.05.003

    authors: Dave M,Papadakis KA,Faubion WA Jr

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Diet, nutrients, and gastrointestinal cancer.

    abstract::Tobacco and alcohol use are strong risk factors for cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Saturated fat and red meat intake also appear to increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The strongest and most consistent dietary protective factors for gastrointestinal cancer are vegetables and fruits. Some micronutrient...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70006-6

    authors: Hensrud DD,Heimburger DC

    更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00

  • Real-time histology in colonoscopy.

    abstract::Gastrointestinal endoscopy had major technological improvements and novel technologies in recent years. High-definition endoscopy has permitted an increasingly detailed view of the mucosa during colonoscopy. Filter techniques that enhance analysis of vessel and surface structures. Autofluorescence imaging relies on fu...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2013.05.004

    authors: Goetz M

    更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • Extraintestinal considerations in inflammatory bowel disease.

    abstract::If one reviews the literature with zeal, it is increasingly apparent that few organs escape recruitment when IBD is chronic or progressive. Insights into mucosal pathophysiology have helped with understanding the more frequent extraintestinal manifestations, but the mechanisms attendant to the development of less comm...

    journal_title:Gastroenterology clinics of North America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:

    authors: Levine JB,Lukawski-Trubish D

    更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00