Abstract：
:Cholesterol gallstone disease is reversible and can be treated medically with either CDCA or UDCA. Both bile acids correct the hepatic metabolic defect that is responsible for hypersecretion of cholesterol into the bile, and both desaturate the bile. UDCA is preferred because it is more effective, desaturate the bile to a greater extent than CDCA, and eliminates cholesterol as stable liquid crystalline dispersions. UDCA is virtually free of side effects and does not produce toxicity. Symptoms are relieved rapidly, and the quality of life improves. Dietary restrictions can be relaxed as the stones dissolve.
journal_name
Gastroenterol Clin North Amjournal_title
Gastroenterology clinics of North Americaauthors
Salen G,Tint GS,Shefer Ssubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-03-01 00:00:00pages
171-82issue
1eissn
0889-8553issn
1558-1942journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Current practice guidelines recommend annual fecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer in the average-risk population over the age of 50. Efficacy of fecal occult blood test screening is supported by several controlled prospective trials and case-control studies. Implementation of this recommendation, in...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70283-1
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biologics are a primary focus for research and development of new treatments for IBD and other immune disorders. CDER, which is a branch of the FDA, oversees most of the biologics that are being used or tested for IBD, and it regulates nonbiologic medications for IBD. The approval process for most biologics for IBD is...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2006.09.010
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because there are no reliable biological or laboratory markers associated with the condition, the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is based on patient descriptions of common symptoms such as abdominal pain accompanied by changes in stool form or frequency and associated symptoms such as bloating and distensi...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2005.03.001
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is the most common genetic cause of liver disease in infants and children and is the most common genetic disease for which liver transplantation is indicated. This article presents the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and pathogenesis of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding of hemorrhoidal pathology and treatment has come a long way. The theory of a sliding anal canal lining and the knowledge that hemorrhoidal cushions are a normal part of the anal anatomy should encourage symptom control rather than radical removal of tissue. Techniques that fix the cushions back in positi...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70173-4
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ischemic injury to the gastrointestinal tract can threaten bowel viability with potential catastrophic consequences, including intestinal necrosis and gangrene. The presenting symptoms and signs are relatively nonspecific and diagnosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion. AMI often results from an embolus or t...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(03)00093-1
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article focuses on the most recent therapies for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who are naïve to therapy. The primary end point for the treatment of naïve HCV patients is viral eradication or a sustained virological response, which is defined as the absence of HCV in the serum, as detected by a sensitive p...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2004.04.003
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of high-frequency ultrasound transducers combined with manometry in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has yielded important findings concerning the anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology of the high-pressure zone of the gastroesophageal junction and the sphincteric muscles within. These transducers have made p...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2007.07.008
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many disorders of the gastrointestinal tract have cutaneous manifestations. Thus, a careful examination of the skin may uncover clues to underlying diseases of the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. This article explores the alimentary-cutaneous relationship. ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70023-6
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article examines the transitions in pharmacological therapy for obesity. It reviews the current options approved by the Food and Drug Administration and several drugs approved for other indications that can be used to treat obesity as well. Because weight regulation is complex and redundant systems protect agains...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2010.01.001
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated disease and involves a complex interplay of host genetics and environmental influences. Recent advances in the field, including data from genome-wide association studies and microbiome analysis, have started to unravel the complex interaction between host genetics...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2014.05.003
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lymphocyte homing antagonists represent promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Several critical molecules involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the intestine, including integrins and chemokine receptors, have been successfully targeted for the trea...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2014.05.012
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation therapy (RT) has been used to treat cancers for more than a century. Recent randomized trials have helped clarify the treatment recommendations in the use of RT for colorectal cancers. This article reviews these trials to illustrate key concepts, places these trials in perspective, and provides direction for...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2007.12.010
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The explanation as to why gastroesophageal reflux disease develops remains unanswered. We have learned much about the regulation of LES pressure, the single most important factor in the development of reflux disease. Our understanding of factors involved in the clearance of refluxed contents has also increased. The pr...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HCV in the East is a complex scenario with prevalence rates of 0.5% to as high as 4.7%, and variable distributions of genotypes, with a dominance of genotype 1b in East Asia, genotype 3 in South Asia and South East Asia, and genotype 6 in Indochina. Approvals for the new oral directing antiviral agents (DAAs), in the ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2015.07.007
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intestine transplant is indicated for patients with intestinal failure who are unable to be weaned from parenteral nutrition (PN). Long-term PN, although life sustaining in many patients, can be associated with life-threatening complications including PN-associated liver disease (PNALD). Most patients are not consider...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2007.01.001
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biliopancreatic diversion is a very effective method for weight reduction. In some instances it is too effective and needs to be revised. ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corticosteroids are a nonspecific immune modulator used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Topical and systemic forms of corticosteroids have been shown to be effective in induction of clinical remission and remain first-line therapy for acute severe ulcerative colitis. A large proportion of patients experience a...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2020.08.001
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diverticulitis represents a spectrum of clinical entities ranging from minimal pericolitis in the adjacent mesentery to uncontrolled intra-abdominal sepsis and septic shock. The presentation most often described is left lower quadrant abdominal pain, fever, chills, and left lower quadrant tenderness associated with a ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gastrointestinal endoscopy had major technological improvements and novel technologies in recent years. High-definition endoscopy has permitted an increasingly detailed view of the mucosa during colonoscopy. Filter techniques that enhance analysis of vessel and surface structures. Autofluorescence imaging relies on fu...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2013.05.004
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder that has been shown to aggregate in families and to affect multiple generations, but not in a manner consistent with a major Mendelian effect. Relatives of an individual with IBS are 2 to 3 times as likely to have IBS, with both genders being affected. To date, more ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2010.12.011
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic pelvic pain is pain lasting longer than 6 months and is estimated to occur in 15% of women. Causes of pelvic pain include disorders of gynecologic, urologic, gastroenterologic, and musculoskeletal systems. The multidisciplinary nature of chronic pelvic pain may complicate diagnosis and treatment. Treatments va...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2013.08.005
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Women have started to enter gastroenterology (GI) in significant numbers over the past 5 years, although they are still underrepresented compared with the proportion of female graduating medical students. This underrepresentation is most likely caused by the culture of GI where female students and residents have felt ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2011.03.004
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with chest pain of presumed esophageal origin should be reassured and should undergo an esophageal manometry study. In patients with spastic esophageal disorders, a trial with calcium channel blockers or low-dose antidepressants used as visceral analgesics is the best approach. Inpatients with non GERD-relate...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0889-8553(03)00127-4
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of stigmata of hemorrhage in a peptic ulcer indicate an increased risk of rebleeding and the need for endoscopic intervention. Clinical trials indicate that laser photocoagulation, multipolar and heater probe coagulation, and injection therapy are all effective in decreasing bleeding from peptic ulcer dis...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The new genus name Helicobacter was first published in October 1989. H. pylori is a unipolar, multiflagellate, gently spiral organism found on the human gastric mucosa, but in culture and under unfavorable conditions, coccoidal forms emerge, which may be indicative of a dormant state. The biology and metabolism of H. ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Focal liver lesions occur commonly and with varying histology, each requiring radically different management. There are a multitude of imaging modalities currently being used for detecting and characterizing focal liver neoplasms. The primary modalities include ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic reson...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(02)00028-6
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diagnostic angiography still plays an essential role in the diagnosis of patients,particularly those with acute lower GI bleeding. Transcatheter therapy appears to be a viable treatment alternative in selected patients with GI bleeding. Many interventionists today believe embolotherapy to be more effective initially a...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2005.09.001
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The past decade has seen the introduction of a number of new potent antimicrobial agents, including broad-spectrum beta-lactam compounds such as the ureidopenicillins, third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams; combinations of penicillins with inhibitors of beta-lactamase; and the quinolones. Most ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The delivery of medical care is undeniably changing. Resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and the progressive rise of health care expenditures needs to be restrained. Although the field of outcomes assessment is not well understood, it is increasingly being applied to the practice of medicine. The underlying go...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70338-1
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
