Update on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Crohn's Disease.

abstract：:Gastric cancers are a histologically heterogenous group of neoplasms arising from unique epidemiologic and molecular backgrounds. There is accumulating evidence that the intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma develops through a multistep process beginning with chronic gastritis triggered primarily by Helicobacter p...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Yakirevich E,Resnick MB

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tobacco and alcohol use are strong risk factors for cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Saturated fat and red meat intake also appear to increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The strongest and most consistent dietary protective factors for gastrointestinal cancer are vegetables and fruits. Some micronutrient...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hensrud DD,Heimburger DC

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a severe form of intestinal dysmotility disorder, characterized by the impairment of gastrointestinal propulsion of the gut content in the absence of fixed occluding lesions. CIPO is a rare disease that can develop in both children and adults. CIPO is classified as prima...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Pironi L,Sasdelli AS

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is sparse information regarding exercise and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Furthermore, the importance of regular exercise in the optimal management of IBD has not received attention in guidelines and is often overlooked by practitioners. This article summarizes evidence regarding health benefits of exercise...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hashash JG,Binion DG

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide spectrum of gastrointestinal illnesses impairs bone health and can result in bone pain, demineralization, and fracture. This article summarizes current knowledge of the skeletal pathology exhibited in patients with diseases of the liver, biliary tree, pancreas, and bowel. Mechanisms responsible for these syndro...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Lipkin EW

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity-related disorders derive from a combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Recent evidence supports the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance by increasing energy harvest from diet and by inducing chronic, low-grade inflamm...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Molinaro F,Paschetta E,Cassader M,Gambino R,Musso G

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many disorders of the gastrointestinal tract have cutaneous manifestations. Thus, a careful examination of the skin may uncover clues to underlying diseases of the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. This article explores the alimentary-cutaneous relationship. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Ward SK,Roenigk HH,Gordon KB

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overall, fecal markers have been found to be more accurate than serum markers. However, fecal markers are not specific for IBD and may be elevated in a range of organic conditions. Fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin can still differentiate inflammatory disease from functional bowel disorders. Comparison studies have f...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Abraham BP,Kane S

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three (author's standard) or five biopsy specimens (two antral, two corpus, one incisura) as suggested by the Sydney system (original and revised version) [figure: see text] correctly separate infected mucosa from uninfected mucosa. No combination identified correctly the presence of intestinal metaplasia to be consid...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： el-Zimaity HM

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients with chest pain of presumed esophageal origin should be reassured and should undergo an esophageal manometry study. In patients with spastic esophageal disorders, a trial with calcium channel blockers or low-dose antidepressants used as visceral analgesics is the best approach. Inpatients with non GERD-relate...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Schmulson MJ,Valdovinos MA

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Barrett's esophagus, currently defined as endoscopically apparent columnar metaplasia of the esophagus with histologic documentation of goblet cells, is the precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, not all patients with this disorder require intensive surveillance. Pathologic diagnosis and grading of dysplasia...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hornick JL,Odze RD

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is shortsighted to consider only the esophageal manifestations and complications of esophageal reflux. That such reflux can directly affect not only the lung but also the oropharynx and larynx, both by direct acid contact and reflex neurologic mechanisms, has been demonstrated repeatedly. The task of the future wil...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kozarek RA

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Constipation and diarrhea are common during pregnancy, occurring in up to one-third of women. Constipation is often the result of physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy, usually from hormonal effects on gastrointestinal motility. Diarrhea, on the other hand, is often caused by the same disorders responsible f...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Bonapace ES Jr,Fisher RS

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although many mechanisms remain unclear, a large body of evidence indicates that several dietary and lifestyle factors are likely to have a major influence on the risk of colon cancer. Physical inactivity, excess body weight, and a central deposition of adiposity are consistent risk factors. Overconsumption of energy ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Giovannucci E

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Constipation, diarrhea, and symptomatic hemorrhoids are disorders common in the general population, particularly in women. These conditions, if mild, often are self-treated with various home remedies or nonprescription preparations. Few of these patients, moreover, are referred to gastroenterologists, as primary care ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Wald A

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The delivery of medical care is undeniably changing. Resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and the progressive rise of health care expenditures needs to be restrained. Although the field of outcomes assessment is not well understood, it is increasingly being applied to the practice of medicine. The underlying go...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Johanson JF

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foreign body ingestion is a common occurrence in children and in specific high-risk groups of adults such as those with underlying esophageal disease, prisoners, the mentally retarded, and those with psychiatric illnesses. Although most foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without difficulty, sharp, ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Brady PG

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of colorectal neoplasia originates from normal colonic mucosa, progresses to the adenomatous polyp, and later may evolve into carcinoma. This procession of histologic change can be defined by a series of successive waves of clonal expansion that contain certain genetic alterations. These genetic altera...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Carethers JM

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Probiotics have been studied in a variety of GI infections, and are an appealing concept given their favorable safety profiles. Several placebo-controlled trials indicated that lactobacilli have a suppressive effect on H pylori infection. Although some studies reported improvement in H pylori eradication, others faile...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Huebner ES,Surawicz CM

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This brief review summarizes the physiology and pharmacology of eicosanoids and describes how they have been tested for possible application in liver disease and transplantation. The objective is to trace the stepwise application from the laboratory to the bedside. Although many questions remain to be answered, the ob...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Ruwart MJ,Henley KS

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Managed care organizations and their products will continue to change in response to consumer demands, competitive pressures, and regulatory requirements. Providers who gain an understanding of the world managed care organizations live in can also expect to influence these organizations for mutual benefit. Just as man...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Behnke LM

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatic angiosarcoma is the second most common primary malignant neoplasm of the liver. Although comprising only 2 per cent of all hepatic primary tumors, it represents a major clinical problem because of its strong association with industrial vinyl chloride exposure and its incurability. Strict ceilings on the amount...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Weinman MD,Chopra S

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphocyte homing antagonists represent promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Several critical molecules involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the intestine, including integrins and chemokine receptors, have been successfully targeted for the trea...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Saruta M,Papadakis KA

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ischemic bowel diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders usually seen in elderly individuals. They represent ischemic damage to different portions [figure: see text] of the bowel and produce a variety of clinical syndromes and outcomes. Colonic ischemia is the commonest of these disorders and has a favorable...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Greenwald DA,Brandt LJ,Reinus JF

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autoimmune pancreatitis is the pancreatic manifestation of a systemic disorder that affects various organs, including the bile duct, retroperitoneum, kidney, and parotid and lacrimal glands. It represents a recently described subset of chronic pancreatitis that is immune mediated and has unique histologic, morphologic...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Gardner TB,Chari ST

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on the most recent therapies for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who are naïve to therapy. The primary end point for the treatment of naïve HCV patients is viral eradication or a sustained virological response, which is defined as the absence of HCV in the serum, as detected by a sensitive p...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Oh S,Afdhal NH

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopy has a much greater risk of inducing gastrointestinal hemorrhage than diagnostic endoscopy. For example, colonoscopic polypectomy has a risk of approximately 1.6% of inducing bleeding, compared with a risk of approximately 0.02% for diagnostic colonoscopy. Higher-risk procedures i...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Cappell MS,Abdullah M

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Being the final pathway for chyme and digestive residues, the colorectum influences bowel function critically. The most important and relevant symptoms of colonic dysfunction are diarrhea, constipation, urgency, and pain. Despite the effects of many investigators, over several decades, the motor physiology of the huma...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： O'Brien MD,Phillips SF

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evaluation and treatment of patients after operations on the foregut is a challenge for physicians and surgeons. The early postoperative period is an especially important interval because the very survival of the patient as well as the success of the surgical intervention depends on the correct interpretation of t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Donahue PE

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A persisting reservoir of the Gulf Coast strain of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 in Louisiana and Texas marshes and the shipment of seafood from these areas throughout the United States means that sporadic cases and outbreaks of cholera may occur anywhere in the country for the foreseeable future. Such cases are most likel...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Blake PA

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00