Abstract：
:Corticosteroids are a nonspecific immune modulator used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Topical and systemic forms of corticosteroids have been shown to be effective in induction of clinical remission and remain first-line therapy for acute severe ulcerative colitis. A large proportion of patients experience adverse effects, however, including some serious adverse effects, including infection and increased mortality. Newer formulations of gut selective corticosteroids have reduced adverse effects associated with steroids.
journal_name
Gastroenterol Clin North Amjournal_title
Gastroenterology clinics of North Americaauthors
George LA,Cross RKdoi
10.1016/j.gtc.2020.08.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-01 00:00:00pages
705-716issue
4eissn
0889-8553issn
1558-1942pii
S0889-8553(20)30074-1journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The health care burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is projected to continue to increase over the next two decades, so improving the efficacy of anti-HCV therapy has the potential to significantly affect health care utilization associated with the disease. Adherence to standard combination therapy and maintain...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2003.12.003
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The management of recurrent, symptomatic malignant ascites can be problematic for physicians and patients. The most common, low-risk method is large-volume paracentesis. Patient disease progression often leads to rapid reaccumulation of ascites, which requires frequent return visits to the hospital for symptom managem...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2005.12.006
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-resolution manometry (HRM) allows nuanced evaluation of esophageal motor function, and more accurate evaluation of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function, in comparison with conventional manometry. Pathophysiologic correlates of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and esophageal peristaltic performance are ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2013.11.005
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article defines obesity, ideal body weight, morbid obesity, and indexes of overweight, pointing out some of the difficulties in studies of the epidemiology of morbid obesity. ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinomas can be further divided into distinct subtypes that provide important clinical information and biological insights. These subtypes are distinct from growth patterns and are on based on morphologic and molecular findings. There are 12 reasonably well-defined subtypes as well as 6 provisional su...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2017.01.009
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a global public health burden. NAFLD, while strongly associated with the metabolic syndrome, can occur independently from existing metabolic diseases. In addition to liver-related disease burden and mortality, significant extrahepatic disease outcomes coexist with NA...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2019.10.002
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic pelvic pain is pain lasting longer than 6 months and is estimated to occur in 15% of women. Causes of pelvic pain include disorders of gynecologic, urologic, gastroenterologic, and musculoskeletal systems. The multidisciplinary nature of chronic pelvic pain may complicate diagnosis and treatment. Treatments va...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2013.08.005
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Constipation, diarrhea, and symptomatic hemorrhoids are disorders common in the general population, particularly in women. These conditions, if mild, often are self-treated with various home remedies or nonprescription preparations. Few of these patients, moreover, are referred to gastroenterologists, as primary care ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(02)00069-9
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous extraintestinal diseases have been associated with IBD. The role of the gastrointestinal tract in host response to the foreign antigens present in the gut makes the enteric immune system highly susceptible to any external perturbation to the system. Dysregulation of the enteric immune response results in path...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(01)00019-x
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease both may occur in the elderly. In many populations, a second peak in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease occurs near age 70. Clinical manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly are generally similar to those seen in younger patients, although there is a t...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gastroparesis is a heterogeneous disorder defined by delay in gastric emptying. Symptoms of gastroparesis are nonspecific, including nausea, vomiting, early satiety, bloating, and/or abdominal pain. Normal gastric motor function and sensory function depend on a complex coordination between the enteric and central nerv...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2014.11.003
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Celiac disease is a common immune-mediated disorder that occurs in individuals with permissive genetics (HLA-DQ2/DQ8 genotype) following exposure to certain wheat proteins. The histopathologic manifestations of small intestinal mucosal injury (villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and intraepithelial lymphocytosis) are w...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2018.09.003
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evaluation and treatment of patients after operations on the foregut is a challenge for physicians and surgeons. The early postoperative period is an especially important interval because the very survival of the patient as well as the success of the surgical intervention depends on the correct interpretation of t...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholesterol gallstone disease is reversible and can be treated medically with either CDCA or UDCA. Both bile acids correct the hepatic metabolic defect that is responsible for hypersecretion of cholesterol into the bile, and both desaturate the bile. UDCA is preferred because it is more effective, desaturate the bile ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three (author's standard) or five biopsy specimens (two antral, two corpus, one incisura) as suggested by the Sydney system (original and revised version) [figure: see text] correctly separate infected mucosa from uninfected mucosa. No combination identified correctly the presence of intestinal metaplasia to be consid...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70153-9
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Successful treatment of unresectable and metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) requires the thoughtful choice of systemic therapy as a component of a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach. The role of somatostatin analogues is established in symptom relief, but the efficacy of interferon ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2010.08.013
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colorectal cancer is a major illness in the Western world. International and migrant studies suggest that environmental causes, notably a fat- and calorie-dense diet (even if adopted in adulthood), are associated with the disease. Case-control studies have not conclusively identified specific etiologic dietary factors...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation therapy is a rapidly evolving field, and recent technical advances have spurred an increasing number of new treatments as well as marked improvements in previously existing treatments. Despite a growing body of published evidence demonstrating that radiotherapy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer is impro...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2011.12.011
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anal cancer is rare and this helps to explain why anal pre-neoplastic conditions are poorly understood, especially with regard to their natural history and management. Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is closely linked to human papillomavirus infection and is particularly common in homosexuals and in immunosuppressed pa...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2007.08.001
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is defined by either subjective complaints indicative of problematic gastroesophageal reflux or objective complications directly attributable to reflux. Studies focused on GERD-related symptoms suggest a worldwide increase in prevalence of approximately 4% per year. Epidemiologic...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2008.09.009
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are usually recognized by characteristic neurologic and metabolic manifestations and sometimes by dysmorphism. However, IEMs can present with a wide variety of gastrointestinal manifestations, whether as the primary or a minor clinical symptom. Regardless, gastrointestinal and hepati...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2019.02.001
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Common disease states in gastroenterology are more effectively treated in an obese patient when weight loss is incorporated into the treatment plan. Strategies that seek to achieve weight loss improve outcomes in the treatment of hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and colorectal cancer, as examples. Pharm...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2016.07.011
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of hormones and growth factors in the pathogenesis and therapy of colon cancer is biologically intricate and medically important. The effects of the previously described hormones and growth factors on normal and neoplastic colonic growth and development suggest the mechanisms by which hormonal alteration migh...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tobacco and alcohol use are strong risk factors for cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Saturated fat and red meat intake also appear to increase the risk of colorectal cancer. The strongest and most consistent dietary protective factors for gastrointestinal cancer are vegetables and fruits. Some micronutrient...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0889-8553(05)70006-6
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder, characterized by chronic or recurrent abdominal pain and bloating. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is a diverse group of medical treatments that are not commonly considered to be a part of conventional medicine yet frequently us...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.gtc.2010.12.005
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of infectious enteric pathogens (bacterial, viral, and protozoal) can lead to a systemic diarrheal illness in international travelers traveling from industrialized countries to developing areas of the world. Many of the agents that lead to this syndrome have been identified, and their mode of transmission ha...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Foreign body ingestion is a common occurrence in children and in specific high-risk groups of adults such as those with underlying esophageal disease, prisoners, the mentally retarded, and those with psychiatric illnesses. Although most foreign bodies pass through the gastrointestinal tract without difficulty, sharp, ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The past decade has seen the introduction of a number of new potent antimicrobial agents, including broad-spectrum beta-lactam compounds such as the ureidopenicillins, third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams; combinations of penicillins with inhibitors of beta-lactamase; and the quinolones. Most ...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intent of this article is to summarize the primary structures (that is, amino acid sequences) localization, primary gastrointestinal and pancreatic actions, and possible clinical relevance of the major gut peptides as well as some of the miscellaneous gut peptides. A brief overview of the general characteristics o...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radionuclide studies of the upper gastrointestinal tract have been useful in many gastrointestinal disorders. However, the literature relating to radionuclide techniques in morbid obesity is limited and, at times, controversial. It is hoped that this brief review will stimulate interest in the use of tracer techniques...
journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
