Abstract:
:Gene expression noise is a significant source of phenotypic heterogeneity in otherwise identical populations of cells. Phenotypic heterogeneity can cause reversible drug resistance in diseased cells, and thus a better understanding of its origins might improve treatment strategies. In eukaryotes, data strongly suggest that intrinsic noise arises from transcriptional bursts caused by slow, random transitions between inactive and active gene states that are mediated by chromatin remodeling. In this review, we consider how chromatin modifications might modulate gene expression noise and lead to phenotypic diversity in diseases as varied as viral infection and cancer. Additionally, we argue that this fundamental information can be applied to develop innovative therapies that counteract 'pathogenic noise' and sensitize all diseased cells to therapeutic intervention.
journal_name
Trends Biotechnoljournal_title
Trends in biotechnologyauthors
Miller-Jensen K,Dey SS,Schaffer DV,Arkin APdoi
10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.05.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-01 00:00:00pages
517-25issue
10eissn
0167-7799issn
1879-3096pii
S0167-7799(11)00093-Xjournal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the use of a class of molecules that are activated by light, and which accumulate in, and are retained by, certain abnormal tissues. When these molecules (known as photosensitizers) are activated by light, they cause the formation of active forms of oxygen, which result in the killi...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0167-7799(00)88895-2
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrophobic charge induction chromatography using 4-mercapto-ethyl-pyridine as the ligand is an effective method for the separation of antibodies from a variety of feedstocks. Antibodies are adsorbed in physiological conditions without preliminary concentration. Desorption occurs when the pH is lowered, thus inducing ...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0167-7799(02)01980-7
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review published data on cell/gamete lyophilization. Most studies have utilized the same established protocols for cryopreservation (storage in liquid nitrogen) as for cell lyophilization (dehydration of frozen samples by water sublimation). Surveying natural lyoprotectants, we suggest trehalose and late embryogene...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.09.004
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, which explains why biological therapies for cancer are forecast to make up 35% of total recombinant pharmaceuticals by 2010. Because of the high demand for cancer drugs, the need to lower production costs and the constraints of present production technologies for...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.09.001
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are novel DNA mimics in which the sugar-phosphate backbone has been replaced with a backbone based on amino acids. PNAs exhibit sequence-specific binding to DNA and RNA with higher affinities and specificities than unmodified DNA. They are resistant to nuclease and protease attack in serum...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0167-7799(93)90097-S
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine mastitis, the most significant disease of dairy herds, has huge effects on farm economics due to reduction in milk production and treatment costs. Traditionally, methods of detection have included estimation of somatic cell counts, an indication of inflammation, measurement of biomarkers associated with the ons...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.05.004
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wearable sensors have garnered considerable recent interest owing to their tremendous promise for a plethora of applications. Yet the absence of reliable non-invasive chemical sensors has greatly hindered progress in the area of on-body sensing. Electrochemical sensors offer considerable promise as wearable chemical s...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.04.005
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animals exploit soft structures to move effectively in complex natural environments. These capabilities have inspired robotic engineers to incorporate soft technologies into their designs. The goal is to endow robots with new, bioinspired capabilities that permit adaptive, flexible interactions with unpredictable envi...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.03.002
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continued progress in cell-phone devices has made them powerful mobile computers, equipped with sophisticated, permanent physical sensors embedded as the default configuration. By contrast, the incorporation of permanent biosensors in cell-phone units has been prevented by the multivocal nature of the stimuli and the ...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.03.007
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein phosphorylation is a complex and highly dynamic process involved in numerous biological events. Abnormal phosphorylation is one of the underlying mechanisms for the development of cancer and metabolic disorders. The identification and absolute quantification of specific phospho-signatures can help elucidate pr...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2011.07.004
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in high-throughput DNA-sequencing techniques have given us the unprecedented ability to rapidly determine the nucleotide sequences of entire bacterial genomes. The application of these methods to the genomes of microbial pathogens, combined with efficient analytical tools and genome-scale approaches for study...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0167-7799(96)10038-X
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many of the demands in the production of microalgae at a technical scale cannot presently be met by state-of-the-art cultivation technologies based on suspensions. Immobilized cultivation using porous substrate bioreactors (PSBRs) is characterized by a reduction of liquid reaction volumes by several orders of magnitud...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.06.004
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The process of studying dynamic three-dimensional samples has a long history in biological research. Recent advances in hardware and software have made it easier to visualise and record interior detail from multiple focal planes of three-dimensional samples as they change over time (four-dimensional imaging). Once cap...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0167-7799(97)01169-4
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carotenoids are antioxidants with considerable pharmaceutical potential. More than 600 carotenoid structures are known but their availability is limited owing to practical difficulties associated with chemical synthesis and isolation from microorganisms or plant tissue. To overcome some of these problems, heterologous...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0167-7799(99)01307-4
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The therapeutic and commercial success of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has inspired innovative approaches aimed at increasing their potency and broadening their applicability. Among these, cocktails of recombinant human mAbs are a logical next step because they combine the technological advances made in the field of a...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.07.005
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The free-radical gas nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in a wide and diverse range of physiological processes. As progress is made in understanding the biological function of NO, there is growing interest in the possibility that inhibitors of NO synthase (NOS) may be of clinical use in the therapy of certain d...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0167-7799(00)88908-8
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Along with the great strides that have been made towards understanding cancer, has come a realization of the complexity of molecular events that lead to malignancy. Proteomics-based approaches, which enable the quantitative investigation of both cellular protein expression levels and protein-protein interactions invol...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0167-7799(01)01801-7
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marine natural products (NP) are unanimously acknowledged as the 'blue gold' in the urgent quest for new pharmaceuticals. Although corals are among the marine organisms with the greatest diversity of secondary metabolites, growing evidence suggest that their symbiotic bacteria produce most of these bioactive metabolit...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2013.06.004
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerosis and heart disease are still the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The lack of suitable autologous grafts has produced a need for artificial grafts but the patency of such grafts is limited compared to natural materials. Tissue engineering, whereby living tissue replacements can be co...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2005.06.006
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reports on the state-of-the-art technologies that sequence DNA using miniaturized devices. The article considers the miniaturization of existing technologies for sequencing DNA and the opportunities for cost reduction that 'on-chip' devices can deliver. The ability to construct nano-scale structures and p...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.07.001
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allergenicity prediction is one of the most challenging aspects in the safety assessment of foods derived from either biotechnology or novel food proteins. Here we present a bottom-up strategy that defines a priori the specific risk assessment (RA) needs based on a database appropriately built for such purposes. ...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.05.011
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porous microcarriers are new support materials with important advantages in both industrial cell-culture processes and the culture of cells of medical importance. Porous microcarriers are now commercially available with internal architecture and surface chemistry suitable for culture of both anchorage-dependent and an...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0167-7799(90)90154-p
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Europe, in light of ethical, political and commercial pressure, every effort should be made to replace animals with alternatives (e.g. in vitro models), to reduce the number of animals used in experiments to a minimum and to refine current testing strategies in a way that ensures animals undergo minimum pain and di...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.06.003
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of a medicinal 'biotech revolution' has been widely accepted and promoted by academics, consultants, industry and government. This has generated expectations about significant improvements in the drug discovery process, healthcare and economic development that influence a considerable amount of policy-ma...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2004.09.010
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Room temperature ionic liquids are non-volatile, thermally stable and highly polar; they are also moderately hydrophilic solvents. Here, we discuss their use as reaction media for biocatalysis. Enzymes of widely diverging types are catalytically active in ionic liquids or aqueous biphasic ionic liquid systems. Lipases...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0167-7799(03)00008-8
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the central problems in bioinformatics is data retrieval and integration. The existing biological databases are geographically distributed across the Internet, complex and heterogeneous in data types and data structures, and constantly changing. With the current rapid growth of biomedical data, the challenge is...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0167-7799(99)01342-6
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a need for techniques that ensure antibiotic removal in anaerobic digesters for robust methane production. In this article, we discuss recent strategies for enhanced antibiotic removal from swine wastewater and offer insights on anaerobic digestion (AD) process design for improved antibiotic removal. ...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.07.002
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the ultimate aim to construct a living cell, bottom-up synthetic biology strives to reconstitute cellular phenomena in vitro - disentangled from the complex environment of a cell. Recent work towards this ambitious goal has provided new insights into the mechanisms governing life. With the fast-growing library of...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.03.008
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyanobacteria promise to be an important industrial platform for the production of a variety of biobased products such as fuels, plastics, and isoprenoids. Recent advances in synthetic biology have resulted in various cyanobacterial strain improvements. Nevertheless, these new strains are still hampered by product inh...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.11.006
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The drive for industrial sustainability has pushed biosurfactants to the top of the agenda of many companies. Biosurfactants offer the possibility of replacing chemical surfactants, produced from nonrenewable resources, with alternatives produced from cheap renewable feedstocks. Biosurfactants are also attractive beca...
journal_title:Trends in biotechnology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.07.003
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00