Abstract:
:Various populations of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells were isolated first by successive digestions with collagenase (original cell preparation) followed by sedimentation through a stepwise bovine serum albumin gradient (cell layers I, II and III). At the fine structural level, the ratios between the number of adrenaline-cells and noradrenaline-cells were 1.9 in the original cell preparation and 0.9, 2.0 and 4.6 in cell layers I, II and III, respectively. The catecholamine content of each cell population was also measured by spectrofluorometry. The original cell preparation contained 20.1 and 12.2 nmol per 10(6) cells of adrenaline and noradrenaline, respectively. Each cell layer had similar total amount of catecholamines (from 38.3 to 40 nmol per 10(6) cells) but their adrenaline/noradrenaline content ratios varied from 0.6 in cell layer 1 to 1.3 and 3.3 in cell layers II and III, respectively. Incubation of the cells in the presence of acetylcholine (50 ?M) induced a release of catecholamines which was proportional to the cell content of each amine. However, the percentage of total cell content released was much higher in cell layer I (20%) than in cell layers II (8%) and III (5%). Finally, each cell population was also analyzed for its ability to respond to a muscarinic stimulation of cyclic GMP level and to bind [(3)H]etorphine, a highly potent opiate agonist. Acetylcholine induced 3.15-, 2.15- and 4.21-fold increases in the levels of cyclic GMP in the original cell preparation, cell layers II and III, respectively, but not in cell layer I. Conversely, the high affinity opiate binding site for [(3)H]etorphine was almost exclusively confined to cell layer III (B(max) of 28.4 fmol per 10(6) cells as compared with 2.8-7.5 fmol in the other cell preparations). These results indicate that bovine adrenal chromaffin cells can be separated according to their content in adrenaline and noradrenaline and their response to nicotinic, muscarinic and opiate stimuli.
journal_name
Neurochem Intjournal_title
Neurochemistry internationalauthors
Lemaire S,Dumont M,Mercier P,Lemaire I,Calvert Rdoi
10.1016/0197-0186(83)90114-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-01-01 00:00:00pages
193-200issue
2eissn
0197-0186issn
1872-9754pii
0197-0186(83)90114-6journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Increased brain ammonia concentrations are a hallmark feature of several neurological disorders including congenital urea cycle disorders, Reye's syndrome and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with liver failure. Over the last decade, increasing evidence suggests that hyperammonemia leads to alterations in the gl...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(03)00043-3
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The active fraction, isolated and partially purified from the crude venom of the marine snail Conus distans, with a molecular mass of about 25 kDa, inhibits neurotransmitter release in rat hippocampus. This toxin (distans Toxin) inhibits the electrically evoked tritium labelled noradrenaline release from rat hippocamp...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(92)90127-d
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate (DFP) produces Type I organophosphorus compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) in adult female chickens. We have proposed that calcium/calmodulin protein kinase II (CaM kinase II) plays a role in the development of OPIDN by increasing the phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins....
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(93)90009-t
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced in the brain by endogenous microglial cells responding to injury. Levels of IL-1 beta are elevated in several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. IL-1 beta, which can act as a mitogen for astrocytes, also elicits the express...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(01)00042-0
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fatty acids play a critical role in brain function but their specific role in the pathophysiology of Parkinson disease (PD) and levodopa-induced motor complications is still unknown. From a therapeutic standpoint, it is important to determine the relation between brain fatty acids and PD because the brain fatty acid c...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2005.12.002
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using specific antibodies to met-enkephalin, met-enkephalin-Arg(6)-Phe(7) and met-enkephalin-Arg(6)-Gly(7)-Leu(8), we have studied the distribution of these opioid peptides in the frog adrenal gland by means of the indirect immunofluorescence technique. Bright staining of all chromaffin cells was observed by applicati...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(86)90004-5
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of a cerebral anti-ischemic drug ifenprodil on the receptor ionophore complex of an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-sensitive subclass of central excitatory amino acid receptors were examined using [3H](+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10- imine (MK-801) binding in rat brain synaptic memb...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(92)90076-4
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excitable membranes appear to be biochemically characterized by the presence of a highly specific receptor protein, which undergoes conformational changes upon stimulation and returns to its original conformation for renewed excitability. Our present knowledge of the disk membrane and its receptor protein rhodopsin is...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(80)90085-6
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human atrial natriuretic peptide (Ser 99-Tyr 126) was rapidly degraded by both choroid plexus and hypothalamic membranes with a complex pattern of cleavage. The use of protease inhibitors allowed a preliminary characterization of the enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of the Ser-Phe and Phe-Arg bonds of iodine-labelle...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(88)90176-3
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zinc transporter 3 (ZNT3) has been shown to transport zinc ions from the cytosol into presynaptic vesicles in the mammalian brain. Several studies have stated that the zinc ion containing synaptic vesicles of zinc-enriched neurons (ZEN) are loaded with ZNT3 proteins in their membranes. This fact makes it possible to t...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2008.02.008
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple, rapid and sensitive method for the detection of acetylcholine and choline in tissue extracts is reported. Acetylcholine and choline are first separated by HPLC then react in a mini-column with acetylcholinesterase and choline oxidase immobilized on Sepharose. The resulting H(2)O(2) produced by choline oxidas...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(86)90041-0
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sprague-Dawley rats were made chronically vitamin D deficient (VDD) and hypocalcemic, or VDD and normocalcemic. Rickets, severely reduced body weight, hair shedding, lethargy, muscular paralysis and a high mortality rate are characteristic features of the male VDD/hypocalcemic animals. An assessment was made of the ne...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(91)90192-g
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intense glucose-based energy metabolism and glutamate synthesis by astrocytes require malate-aspartate-shuttle (MAS) activity to regenerate NAD⁺ from NADH formed during glycolysis, since brain lacks significant glycerophosphate shuttle activity. Aralar is a necessary aspartate/glutamate exchanger for MAS function in b...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2012.09.009
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a growing body of evidence on the role of nitric oxide (NO) in retinal physiology. Recently, interest has developed in the functional role of an alternative redox form of NO, namely nitroxyl (HNO/NO(-)), because it is formed by a number of diverse biochemical reactions. The aim of the present report was to co...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2007.04.015
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors (COX 2) such as parecoxib (par) and valdecoxib (val) are used in the treatment of neuropathic pain. Using the radioligand binding assay it was demonstrated that both the prodrug par as well as its active metabolite val have a specific affinity to the cannabinoid (CB) receptor measured in CB...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2010.10.018
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurodegenerative disorders are strongly associated with oxidative stress, which is induced by reactive oxygen species including hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Epidemiological studies have suggested that coffee may be neuroprotective, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect have not been clarified. In this stud...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2012.02.004
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of 1-methyl-isoquinoline (MIQ+) on the respiratory inhibition and the uptake of MIQ+ were measured using mouse liver mitochondria. MIQ+ inhibited the electron transport of complex I but did not inhibit the respiration of mitochondria with succinate as a substrate. MIQ+ was taken up by mitochondria in an ene...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(95)00083-6
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::L-serine-O-sulphate is a member of a group of amino acids collectively called gliotoxins and is a substrate for the high affinity sodium-dependent glutamate transporters. Previous studies have shown that it is toxic to primary cultures of astrocytes but the mode of toxicity is unknown. The current study demonstrates t...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2005.12.004
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adenosine exerts two parallel modulatory roles in the CNS, acting as a homeostatic modulator and also as a neuromodulator at the synaptic level. We will present evidence to suggest that these two different modulatory roles are fulfilled by extracellular adenosine originated from different metabolic sources, and involv...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(00)00034-6
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::D-aspartate is present in significant concentrations throughout the nervous tissue but its physiological role is still under discussion. Here, we report the process of d-aspartate release in retinal cells. [(3)H]-d-aspartate release occurs through a glutamate/aspartate exchange mechanism using excitatory amino acid tr...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2011.03.001
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasogenic mechanism of brain edema in acute liver failure (ALF) remains poorly understood. Recent work demonstrates that matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) contributes to the development of brain edema in experimental ALF (J Hepatol 44:1105, 2006). Importantly, MMP-9 blockage with specific monoclonal antibodies and/or...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2009.07.013
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Taurine is found at millimolar concentration in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. High concentrations of taurine are essential for maintenance of retinal function. Taurine uptake by retina and retinal pigment epithelium was significantly enhanced by physiological concentrations of insulin as well as by high g...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(99)00072-8
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium-dependent transporters regulate extracellular glutamate in the CNS. Recent studies suggest that the activity of several different neurotransmitter transporters can be rapidly regulated by a variety of mechanisms. In the present study, we report that pre-incubation of primary 'astrocyte-poor' neuronal cultures w...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(00)00018-8
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::NADPH derived from glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, has been implicated not only to promote reduced glutathione (GSH) but also enhance oxidative stress in specific cellular conditions. In this study, the effects of G6PD antisense oligodeoxynucleotides...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2012.05.003
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutaminase mediates the recycling of neurotransmitter glutamate, supporting most excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian central nervous system. A constitutive heterozygous reduction in GLS1 engenders in mice a model of schizophrenia resilience and associated increases in Gln, reductions in Glu and activity-dep...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104508
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to elucidate the effects of MPTP on enkephalinergic neurons, dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), proenkephalin (PE) mRNA and met-enkephalin (ME) were measured in striatum, olfactory tubercle, and prefrontal cortex of C57/B16 mice 1 day-2 weeks following treatment with 96 mg/kg MPTP HCl (24 mg/kg i.p., twice/d...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(93)90010-3
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acetylcholinesterase release in the guinea-pig substantia nigra has been previously investigated 'on-line', using a sensitive chemiluminescent system. Since histological observations suggest that there is a difference in acetylcholinesterase distribution in the rat substantia nigra compared to that of the guinea-pig, ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(96)00057-5
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to investigate, whether dopamine D1 and/or D2 receptors are able to interfere with the ATP-induced increase of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in cultured striatal neurons identified by their morphological characteristics and their [Ca2+]i transients in response to a hig...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2007.06.013
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intact pieces or homogenates of rabbit retina were exposed to various established or putative retinal neurotransmitters for the study of receptors (or receptor-subtypes) linked to the production of cAMP. Since a dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase has been previously characterized in the retina of several species, th...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(89)90026-0
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preventing or reducing tau hyperphosphorylation is considered to be a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Rapamycin may be a potential therapeutic agent for AD, because the rapamycin-induced autophagy may enhance the clearance of the hyperphosphorylated tau. However, recent rodent studie...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2013.01.014
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00