Abstract：
:Excitable membranes appear to be biochemically characterized by the presence of a highly specific receptor protein, which undergoes conformational changes upon stimulation and returns to its original conformation for renewed excitability. Our present knowledge of the disk membrane and its receptor protein rhodopsin is reviewed in the light of this model. The influence of the membrane environment on rhodopsin has been determined in bovine rod outer segment membranes, in rhodopsin preparations which are depleted of the membrane phospholipids, and in reconstituted phospholipid-rhodopsin vesicles. Except for the absorbance spectrum in the visual region, all properties studied change upon lipid depletion. This process starts when 30% of the phospholipids have been removed. Upon reincorporation of lipid-free rhodopsin into lipid bilayer membranes, all properties are restored to the values observed in the native membranes. Hence, removal of the membrane causes deficiencies in the rhodopsin molecule, which are reversible under appropriate conditions. With respect to the function of rhodopsin in visual excitation, the photolytic sequence seems to be the most relevant parameter presently available. Experimental evidence indicates a partial unfolding of the protein upon illumination, culminating at the metarhodopsin I to II transition, followed by a refolding, which is largely completed in the free opsin stage. While the unfolding phase of the photolytic process apparently is independent of the microenvironment of the rhodopsin molecule, the refolding phase seems to require embedding in a partially hydrophobic environment which allows sufficient thermal motion, e.g. a semifluid biomembrane.
journal_name
Neurochem Intjournal_title
Neurochemistry internationalauthors
Daemen FJ,de Grip WJdoi
10.1016/0197-0186(80)90085-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-01-01 00:00:00pages
539-50eissn
0197-0186issn
1872-9754pii
0197-0186(80)90085-6journal_volume
1Cpub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive and debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that affects over one million people in the United States. Previous studies, carried out in young adult rats, have shown that calcitriol, the active metabolite of vitamin D, can be neuroprotective in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) models...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2006.05.007
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(90)90142-g
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2012.06.023
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(95)00011-v
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(94)00170-y
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(92)90134-d
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(86)90183-x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2004.07.006
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0197-0186(99)00058-3
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2010.08.014
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2006.09.012
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(86)90193-2
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0197-0186(97)00094-6
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(88)90101-5
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0197-0186(97)00063-6
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0197-0186(02)00014-1
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2017.10.007
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0197-0186(00)00119-4
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(92)90183-r
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0197-0186(03)00033-0
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neuint.2015.06.010
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(95)00151-4
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A novel copper-containing protein has been isolated in electrophoretically homogeneous state from bovine brain extracts. Some physico-chemical properties of the protein are determined (molecular weight, copper content, isoelectric point, amino acid composition, optical and EPR spectra), and they are compared with thos...
journal_title：Neurochemistry international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0197-0186(88)90071-x
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
