Abstract:
:The onset of attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) in childhood is characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention. A chronic deficit of serotonin (5-HT) at the synapse may trigger symptoms of ADHD. This review focuses on neuro-anatomical, experimental and clinical pharmacological evidence, as well as the genetic underpinnings of serotoninergic involvement in the etiology of ADHD. Neuro-anatomical investigations suggest that serotonin through the orbitofrontal-striatal circuitry may regulate behavioral domains of hyperactivity and impulsivity in ADHD. Studies from animal models of ADHD indicate intimate interplay between 5-HT and dopaminergic neurotransmission. Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, as also non-stimulant drugs acting on the 5-HT system are, however, clinically effective. They impart less severe side effects in patients with no risk of addiction. Oral administration of l-tryptophan, the amino acid precursor of 5-HT, significantly alleviates ADHD symptoms. Given the multifactorial nature of ADHD, candidate gene and genome-wide association studies have suggested that serotoninergic gene variants are associated with increased risk of ADHD with each locus individually exerting a modest effect on overall risk.
journal_name
Neurochem Intjournal_title
Neurochemistry internationalauthors
Banerjee E,Nandagopal Kdoi
10.1016/j.neuint.2015.02.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-03-01 00:00:00pages
52-68eissn
0197-0186issn
1872-9754pii
S0197-0186(15)00021-2journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The kinetics of oxidation of endogenous antioxidants such as vitamins C and E and thiols as well as membrane cholesterol in isolated rat brain mitochondria were studied. Oxidation was induced by incubating the mitochondria at 37 degrees C with the free radical generators 2,2' azobis (2'-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(94)00147-m
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder mostly affecting the aging population over sixty. Cardinal symptoms including, tremors, muscle rigidity, drooping posture, drooling, walking difficulty, and autonomic symptoms appear when a significant number of nigrostriatal dopaminergic ne...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2013.06.005
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last few years, several attempts were made for the setting up of specific methodologies aiming to evaluate steroid contents directly in nervous tissues. The main objective of these attempts was to determine accurately changes intervening in endogenous neuroactive steroid levels during pathological situations. T...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2007.09.010
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is an effective treatment option for those affected by obsessive compulsive disorder, who do not respond to pharmacological treatment strategies. Yet, little is known about the mechanism by which DBS achieve its therapeutic effects. Previous studies have show...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2015.10.002
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein kinase C (PKC) is involved in several cell events including proliferation, survival and differentiation. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of PKC activation on retinal cells proliferation. We demonstrated that PKC activation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a tumor promoter phorbol este...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(02)00059-1
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleotides can be released as signaling substances in the nervous system from both neural and glial cells. Their function is terminated by ecto-nucleotidases and sequential extracellular metabolism to the nucleoside. Recently considerable progress has been made in unraveling the molecular structure of an ecto-ATPase ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(97)00126-5
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas carbachol, noradrenaline, serotonin and memantine stimulated inositol phosphates production and calcium mobilization in 3-5 day old rabbit retinal cultures, only carbachol and noradrenaline were effective when 25-30 day old cultures were used. The older retinal cultures contain only Müller cells which shows th...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(92)90183-r
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors suggests the occurrence of cholinergic neurotransmission in white matter; however no quantitative information exists on acetylcholine formation and breakdown in white matter. We compared white structures of pig brain (fimbria, corpus callosum, pyramidal tracts, and oc...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2008.06.008
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various populations of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells were isolated first by successive digestions with collagenase (original cell preparation) followed by sedimentation through a stepwise bovine serum albumin gradient (cell layers I, II and III). At the fine structural level, the ratios between the number of adrenal...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(83)90114-6
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Air pollution is an important contributor to the global burden of disease, particularly to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, evidence is accumulating that air pollution may adversely affect the nervous system as shown by human epidemiological studies and by animal models. Age appears to play a ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104580
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons with colocalized cholecystokinin and dopamine are present predominantly in the ventral tegmental area and project mainly to the caudal part of the medial nucleus accumbens. The activity of this dopamine system can be evaluated by means of the intracranial self-stimulation behavior on male Wistar rats having ch...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(87)90074-x
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An endogenous modulator(s) of the dopamine receptor(s) in bovine and rat brain striatum was detected by demonstrating that water extracts of the striatum inhibited [(3)H]apomorphine binding. This modulator(s) was partially purified by methanol extraction and then successive ion exchange chromatographies on SP-Sephadex...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(86)90082-3
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present studies were performed in order to examine the possible role of cyclic GMP-stimulated phosphodiesterase (cGMP-PDE) activity in the inhibitory action of the inflammatory peptide bradykinin on cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation in D384 cells. Bradykinin decreased the forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation in the...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(92)90149-l
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorders, in which oxidative stress plays an important role. The present study investigated the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched phospholipids (EPA-enriched PL) from the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa on oxidative injury in PC12 cells induced by hydrogen...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2013.10.015
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Alzheimer's disease amyloid protein precursor (APP) gene is part of a multi-gene super-family from which sixteen homologous amyloid precursor-like proteins (APLP) and APP species homologues have been isolated and characterised. Comparison of exon structure (including the uncharacterised APL-1 gene), construction o...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(99)00125-4
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A decrease in the osmolarity of incubation medium is accompanied by calcium influx in neuronal presynaptic endings. We studied the influence of Ca2+ on exocytosis induced by hypotonic shock using the hydrophilic fluorescent dye acridine orange and the hydrophobic fluorescent dye FM2-10. It was shown using acridine ora...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2004.09.002
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The observation that autophosphorylation converts CaM kinase II from the Ca(2+)-dependent form to the Ca(2+)-independent form has led to speculation that the formation of the Ca(2+)-independent form of the enzyme could encode frequency of synaptic usage and serve as a molecular explanation of "memory". In cultured rat...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(95)00097-6
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agomelatine is a novel antidepressant with agonistic actions at melatonergic (MT1 and MT2 receptors) and antagonistic actions at 5HT-2C receptors. Venlafaxine, a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is a widely prescribed drug in depression. The present study evaluated the low dose combinations of venlafaxine ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2016.06.008
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ex vivo(1)H NMR spectroscopy was used to measure changes in the concentrations of cerebral metabolites in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of rats subjected to repeated morphine treatment known to cause tolerance/dependence. The results show that repeated morphine exposure induces significant changes in the...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2006.09.012
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this review, I summarized transition in Dr. Marshall Nirenberg's research interests during 1970s, from a view of a long-lasting collaborator. Nirenberg switched his research filed to neurobiology after his success in deciphering genetic code and being honored with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968. ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2012.02.030
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pregabalin is effective in treating many neuropathic pain conditions. However, the mechanisms of its analgesic effects remain poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to determine whether pregabalin suppresses facial mechanical hypersensitivity and evoked glutamate release in the medullary dorsal horn (MDH)...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2013.02.022
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain is a type of chronic pain caused by nervous system damage and dysfunction. The pathogenesis of chronic pain is complicated, and there are no effective therapies for neuropathic pain. Studies show that the P2X4 receptor expressed in the satellite glial cells (SGCs) of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is relat...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2017.02.004
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unveiling the roles of distinct cell types in brain response to insults is a partially unsolved challenge and a key issue for new neuroreparative approaches. In vivo models are not able to dissect the contribution of residential microglia and infiltrating blood-borne monocytes/macrophages, which are fundamentally undi...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2014.01.008
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lycopene is a potent free radicals scavenger with demonstrated protective efficacy in several experimental models of oxidative damage. Trimethyltin (TMT) is an organotin compound with neurotoxic effects on the hippocampus and other limbic structures and is used to model neurodegenerative diseases targeting these brain...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2011.10.005
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to uncontrollable shock can be separated by a subsequent shock escape test into two groups: a "helpless" (LH) group which demonstrates a deficit in escape behavior, and a "nonlearned helpless" (NLH) group which shows no escape deficit and acquires the escape response as readily as naive con...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(92)90065-y
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebellar granule neurons produce homogenous cultures that provide a unique opportunity for quantifying the apoptosis by propidium iodide- and deoxynucleotidyl transferase-flow cytometry combined analysis and for studying its regulation by neurotrophins. Nerve growth factor (NGF) was found to promote postmitotic surv...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(96)00147-7
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The release of [(3)H]GABA which is newly synthesized from [(3)H]l-glutamic acid (GLU) has been examined using striatal slices obtained from the rat brain. It was found that 8-10% of [(3)H]GLU transported was converted to [(3)H]GABA during the incubation of striatal slices in the presence of nipecotic acid (5 x 10(?5) ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(84)90045-7
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ultrastructural localization of AChE and BuChE was studied in motor endplates of the rat and mouse diaphragms, using the CNS(?) modification of the one-step Cu-thiocholine procedure. AChE activity was observed on pre- and postsynaptic membranes, in the basal lamina and in the Schwann cell-nerve terminal interspace...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(80)90021-2
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using immunohistochemical methods at the light and electron microscope level, the coexistence between a hypophysiotropic factor and an apparently unrelated neuropeptide was demonstrated in three distinct infundibular neuronal systems. The present results emphasize the importance of demonstrating peptide coexistences f...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(84)90003-2
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using native plasma membrane vesicle suspensions from the rat cerebral cortex under conditions designed to alter intravesicular [Ca2+], we found that Ca2+ induced 47 +/- 5% more influx of [3H]GABA, [3H]D-aspartate and [3H]glycine at 37 degrees C with half-times 1.7 +/- 0.5, 1.3 +/- 0.4 and 1.3 +/- 0.4 min, respectivel...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(98)00039-4
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00