Abstract:
BACKGROUND/AIMS:Insulin is synthesised as a pro-hormone with an interconnecting C-peptide, cleaved during post-translational modification. This review discusses growing evidence which indicates that C-peptide is biologically active, benefiting microvascular complications associated with diabetes. METHODS:To explore the renoprotective role of C-peptide in diabetic nephropathy (DN), we reviewed the literature using PubMed for English language articles that contained key words related to C-peptide, kidney and DN. RESULTS:Numerous studies have demonstrated that C-peptide ameliorates a number of the structural and functional renal disturbances associated with uncontrolled hyperglycaemia in human and animal models of type 1 diabetes mellitus that lead to the development and progression of nephropathy, including abrogation of glomerular hyperfiltration, reduced microalbuminuria, decreased mesangial expansion and increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels. The in vitro exposure of kidney proximal tubular cells to physiological concentrations of C-peptide activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase C, elevates intracellular calcium, and stimulates transcription factors NF-kappaB and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. CONCLUSION:Burgeoning studies suggest that C-peptide is more than merely a link between the A and B chains of the proinsulin molecule and represents a future therapeutic tool in reducing complications of DN.
journal_name
Am J Nephroljournal_title
American journal of nephrologyauthors
Hills CE,Brunskill NJ,Squires PEdoi
10.1159/000289864subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
389-97issue
5eissn
0250-8095issn
1421-9670pii
000289864journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Percutaneous angioplasty was attempted in 5 patients with acute renal failure due to occlusion of the artery to a solitary functioning kidney. Angioplasty was technically successful in all patients. Renal function was completely restored in 3 and renal perfusion improved in 1 patient. In the fifth patient, renal funct...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000167517
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Awareness that sphygmomanometry is encompassed with serious limitations has led to the development of techniques that allow blood pressure (BP) to be monitored intraarterially or noninvasively during the day or over a 24-hour period. Although intraarterial BP monitoring allows an accurate evaluation of 24-hour BP mean...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000167335
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Kidney failure is believed to have a negative impact on cognitive function, and cognitive impairment is common among maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients. Previous studies have shown a beneficial effect of kidney transplantation in certain cognitive tests but not across all cognitive domains assessed. But,...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000330849
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal function and life expectancy can be improved by aggressive antihypertensive therapy in severe hypertension. However, most reports of severe hypertension and renal failure concern primary hypertensive states. 3 cases of primary renal disease, 1 glomerular, 1 obstructive and 1 of chronic pyelonephritis, are descri...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000166576
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 23-year-old female with acute renal failure associated with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis is reported. Renal tubular acidosis and inflammatory reactions consisting of markedly increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and high serum immunoglobulin levels were seen on admission. Light microscopy revea...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000168020
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Patients on chronic hemodialysis have a high prevalence of heart disease and poor self-reported physical function. The association between structural heart disease and self-reported physical function in patients on hemodialysis is unknown. METHODS:We studied the association between elevated pulmonary a...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000431334
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since low-density lipoprotein (LDL) S-homocysteinylation has been recently reported to enhance atherogenicity of lipoprotein, we have investigated the levels of homocysteine (Hcy) linked to LDL in chronic proteinuric patients in which lipid abnormalities highly contribute to the excess of morbidity and morta...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000319012
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemolytic-uremic syndrome following quinine ingestion is a newly described phenomenon, with just two previous descriptions of 4 cases in the literature. We describe a 5th case. The reaction may be mediated by the presence of antibodies reactive against platelets in the presence of quinine. Treatment has included use o...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000168444
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:There is a critical need for more noninvasive biomarkers to identify nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent studies in a model mouse and an adult SLE patient cohort suggest that anti-basement membrane antibody levels correlate well with lupus activity and kidney injury. Th...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000381965
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A renal transplant recipient with a remote history of end-stage renal disease due to postpartum hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) presented with acute renal failure after having stable renal allograft function for 9 years. A diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathy was made based on clinical and histologic findings at re...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000169094
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) induce epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) by promoting the two EMT regulators, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). However, the exact signaling mechanism remains...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000381464
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Published reports examining the efficacy and safety of glucocorticoids for preserving renal function in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) have yielded conflicting results. To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucocorticoids agents for IgAN, we conducted a meta-analysis of the published ra...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1159/000226129
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inflammation and increased erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) requirement are frequently associated in patients on dialysis. On-line hemodiafiltration (ol-HDF), putting together high levels of diffusion, and convection could improve both conditions. However, it is still not known which depurative compon...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000437171
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:We examined the correlations between renal biopsy findings in Wegener's granulomatosis and renal function at baseline and 1 year in 22 patients who presented between 1988 and 1999. METHODS:Renal histology was independently reviewed by 2 pathologists who were masked to the clinical data. The primary out...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000065283
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is common and associated with poor outcome in hemodialysis patients. In hemodialysis patients, geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) have been shown as the nutritional and inflammatory markers, respectively. The present study aimed to assess the pred...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000366457
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:The 7-year Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Calculator (CRCRTR-MACE) predicts cardiovascular events (CVE) in renal transplant recipients (RTR), and thrombopoietin (TPO) is a humoral inflammatory factor implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of the study was to determine if circulating TP...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000377641
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed blood volume (BV) in 20 edematous patients with nephrotic syndrome and in 32 subjects without renal or other disease liable to induce BV variation. Two methods were chosen, one using 131I-albumin and the other 51Cr red blood cells. Among the 20 patients, 11 presented minimal-change lesions, and 9 had histo...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000167967
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of fluvastatin, a liver-selective, competitive inhibitor of the 3-hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, on the lipoprotein metabolism was investigated in 9 patients with nephrotic syndrome. All patients had biopsy-proven renal disease as cause of their nephrotic syndrome and exhibited severe hyper...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000013504
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prolonged use of corticosteroids continues to be the mainstay in the management of most proteinuric glomerulopathies, but is limited by extensive side effects. Alternative medications such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) have been recently used to treat refractory glomerulopathies and have shown superi...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000506854
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Studies have shown that kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is upregulated in damaged renal proximal tubules. In this study, we examined KIM-1 expression in glomerular epithelial cells in diabetic glomerulopathy. METHODS:Renal histology, immunostaining and Western blot for protein level, and real-time PCR...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000330187
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal disease is a common complication in malaria infection. In acute falciparum malaria renal involvement is usually mild, but in severe disease acute renal failure is a major problem. Acute renal failure has been attributed to ischaemic tubular necrosis from hypovolaemia resulting from vasodilatation due to endothel...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000013611
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA) hyporesponsiveness is aggravated by chronic inflammation in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Dyslipidemia is prevalent in MHD patients. Statin therapy has been demonstrated to not only be effective in lowering lipid levels, but also numerous pleiotropic effects including ...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000169658
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing kidney transplantation - both cadaveric and living-donor - continues to rise. With long-term graft survival relatively fixed, this trend means that increasing numbers of patients are returning to dialysis after graft loss. Most will never be retransplanted...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000342626
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The relation of ambient temperature (AMT) and relative humidity to systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body weight (BW), and body weight gain between dialysis sessions (DeltaBW) was examined in hemodialysis patients by Fourier analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS:The authors recruited 144 dialy...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000013538
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glomerulosclerosis frequently complicates most renal diseases and is characterized by mesangial matrix accumulation. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) could induce oxidative stress and profibrotic gene expression in mesangial cells. This article will review our current understanding of the pathogenetic mechani...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000151277
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nutrition has been shown to predict clinical outcome in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. However, despite the positive relationship between KT/V (urea) and the normalised protein catabolic rate, the ability of urea kinetic modelling to predict clinical outcome or nutrition remains inconclusiv...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000168663
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent condition; however, little is known about healthcare resource utilization (HRU) by CKD patients. METHODS:This analysis included NHANES participants aged > or =18 years, with serum creatinine, urine protein, and hemoglobin measurements. We assessed the association ...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000178816
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extraskeletal tumoral calcinosis occur in uremic patients with high calcium phosphorus (Ca x P) product and progressive secondary hyperparathyroidism. However, cases are also described in which this association cannot be confirmed. The influence of aluminum, vitamins D and K, alkalosis, magnesium and local lesions is ...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000169078
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Intradialytic hypotension is the most common complication of modern day haemodialysis (HD). Convective modalities, including haemodiafiltration (HDF) are reported to result in greater cardiovascular stability compared to standard HD, which has been suggested to be due to improved solute transport betwee...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000349925
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between abnormalities in nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) and autonomic function, measured by the Valsalva maneuver, was evaluated in 25 uremic patients and 22 normal subjects. NPT in uremic patients (45 +/- 6.8 min/night) was lower (p less than 0.01) than in normals (85 +/- 10.4 min/night). Valsalva...
journal_title:American journal of nephrology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000166629
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00