The time course of semantic and orthographic encoding in Chinese word production: an event-related potential study.

abstract：:Increases in extracellular potassium concentrations reliably increase burst rates in cultured fetal murine spinal cord networks. This effect could be mimicked by either blocking voltage-gated potassium conductances or facilitating excitatory synaptic interactions, but not by blocking specific calcium-dependent potassi...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Rhoades BK,Gross GW

更新日期：1994-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'wobbler' mutant mouse can be recognized at about 4 weeks of age by its tremor and atrophy of forelimb muscles. In addition to degeneration of spinal motoneurons, especially in cervical spinal cord, selected bulbar motoneurons have also been reported to degenerate in the mutant. We examined a cranial motor nucleus...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： LaVail JH,Koo EH,Dekker NP

更新日期：1987-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown previously that progesterone linked with bovine serum albumin at position 3 of the progesterone molecule (P-3-BSA) was effective in modulating (both stimulating and inhibiting) amphetamine (AMPH)-evoked dopamine (DA) release in vitro from superfused corpus striatal (CS) tissue fragments of ovariectomized...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Dluzen DE,Ramirez VD

更新日期：1991-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Frequency-modulated (FM) sweeps are important components of most natural sounds. To examine the processing of these stimuli we applied a two-tone paradigm. Repeated stimulus presentation usually leads to reduced neuronal responses. However, in a former study repetition enhancements which have been observed when FM ton...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Heinemann LV,Kaiser J,Altmann CF

更新日期：2011-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Motor-related regions of parietal and prefrontal cortices have been shown to selectively activate when observers passively view objects that afford manual grasping. Yet, it remains unknown whether these cortical responses depend on prior motor-related experience with the object being observed. To address this question...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Handy TC,Tipper CM,Schaich Borg J,Grafton ST,Gazzaniga MS

更新日期：2006-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF)-immunoreactive nerve fibers and cell bodies in the spinal cord is demonstrated. Immunopositive fibers were found in the lateral column of the white matter, in laminae I, V-VII, X, and in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord. Complete transection of the sp...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Merchenthaler I,Hynes MA,Vigh S,Shally AV,Petrusz P

更新日期：1983-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of specific proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (Il-6), interleukin-1beta (Il-1beta), interferon-gamma (IFN), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), on content and distribution of alpha-synuclein (alpha-synuclein), tau and ubiquitin in human derived cultu...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Bick RJ,Poindexter BJ,Kott MM,Liang YA,Dinh K,Kaur B,Bick DL,Doursout MF,Schiess MC

更新日期：2008-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis has been found to produce learning deficits in spatial tasks. Recent studies also suggest a regulatory effect of endogenous NO on hippocampal serotonin (5-HT) release and have shown that NO-synthase (NOS) inhibitors increased extracellular levels of serotonin (5-HT) in the rat...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Majlessi N,Kadkhodaee M,Parviz M,Naghdi N

更新日期：2003-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously reported that aquaporin 4 (AQP4) played a critical role in formation of brain edema and the altered expression of dystroglycan (DG) could relate with AQP4 expression after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However the mechanisms of this process remain unclear. DG was showed could act as a scaffold involved i...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Zhang G,Ma P,Wan S,Xu J,Yang M,Qiu G,Zhuo F,Xu S,Huo J,Ju Y,Liu H

更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular mechanism underlying ischemic stroke remains poorly understood. We previously reported glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is activated via heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) phosphorylation at serine 85 (S85) by ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase during ce...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yamamoto Y,Hosoda K,Imahori T,Tanaka J,Matsuo K,Nakai T,Irino Y,Shinohara M,Sato N,Sasayama T,Tanaka K,Nagashima H,Kohta M,Kohmura E

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelination is an important process in brain development, and delays or abnormalities in this process have been associated with a number of conditions including autism, developmental delay, attention deficit disorder, and schizophrenia. Myelination can be sensitive to developmental experience; however, although the ad...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Markham JA,Herting MM,Luszpak AE,Juraska JM,Greenough WT

更新日期：2009-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:To characterize central nervous system changes that occur with anabolic steroid abuse in humans, immunocytochemical localization of androgen receptors in the brains of 10 intact and 10 castrated male rats was conducted after the administration of high levels of androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS; 14 daily injections of...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Menard CS,Harlan RE

更新日期：1993-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Cholinergic systems modulate synaptic transmission across the neuraxis and play an important role in higher brain function including cognition, arousal and nociception. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a fundamental brain region for nociception and chronic pain, and receives cholinergic projections mainly from b...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Koga K,Matsuzaki Y,Migita K,Shimoyama S,Eto F,Nakagawa T,Matsumoto T,Terada K,Mishima K,Furue H,Honda K

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The time courses for development of neuronal and behavioral tolerance to diazepam (DZ) were estimated in rats continuously exposed to low levels of DZ for 3, 7, 14 or 21 days. Microiontophoretic sensitivity of dorsal raphe neurons to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was initially facilitated after short-term exposure to...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Gonsalves SF,Gallager DW

更新日期：1987-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study is a determination of the numbers of axons in the sural nerve and nerve to the medial gastrocnemius muscle following section and regeneration of the sciatic nerve in the rat. The data indicate that there is a significant increase in both myelinated and unmyelinated axons in the nerve to the medial ga...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Jenq CB,Coggeshall RE

更新日期：1984-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) stimulation on various metabolic parameters in freely moving animals were measured using a specific indirect calorimetric chamber associated with a quantitative measurement of locomotor activity, which allows the separate measurement of locomotor energy expenditure from t...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ruffin M,Nicolaidis S

更新日期：1999-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We have characterized the effects of retinoic acid (RA) on the growth, morphology and biosynthesis of cytoskeletal proteins in NB2a mouse neuroblastoma cells. In addition, the morphological and biochemical changes were compared to those induced by dibutyryl cyclic AMP (db cAMP). Growth inhibition by RA was concentrati...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Shea TB,Fischer I,Sapirstein VS

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, a single unit activity was recorded in the nucleus paragigantocellularis (PGi), located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla of anesthetized, morphine-dependent rats. The spontaneous activity of PGi neurons was significantly decreased by administration of morphine (10 mg/kg; i.p.) in sham-operated, cont...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Haghparast A,Semnanian S,Fathollahi Y

更新日期：1998-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In anaesthetized cats, medial gastrocnemius motor units (MUs) were stimulated with random sequences (mean rates between 6 and 12 pps) of electrical pulses delivered to their axons in small ventral root filaments. Muscle tension was recorded under isometric conditions, and spike trains of muscle spindle afferents were ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Christakos CN,Windhorst U

更新日期：1986-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The two primary categories of stroke, ischemic and hemorrhagic, both have fundamentally different mechanisms and thus different treatment options. These two stroke categories were applied to rat models to identify potential biomarkers that can distinguish between them. Ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral ar...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ren C,Zoltewicz S,Guingab-Cagmat J,Anagli J,Gao M,Hafeez A,Li N,Cao J,Geng X,Kobeissy F,Mondello S,Larner SF,Hayes RL,Ji X,Ding Y

更新日期：2013-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The responsiveness of the tonically firing single motor units (SMU) to Ia afferent volleys elicited by either mechanical (T-reflex) or electrical nerve stimulation (H-reflex) was tested in the extensor carpi radialis muscle (ECR) while the subjects were maintaining a steady wrist extension force using visual feedback ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Nafati G,Rossi-Durand C,Schmied A

更新日期：2004-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on the fast tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and the slow tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were investigated using the whole-cell patch-clamp method. Diclofenac suppressed both sodium currents in a...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Lee HM,Kim HI,Shin YK,Lee CS,Park M,Song JH

更新日期：2003-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Reflexes evoked by applying non-painful taps to an incisor tooth were recorded from the jaw closing masseter and temporal muscles of 21 human subjects. A series of inhibitory, excitatory, inhibitory and excitatory waves (the 'Q, R, S and T' waves of the post-stimulus electromyographic complex (PSEC)) occurred in full-...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Cadden SW,van der Glas HW,Lobbezoo F,van der Bilt A

更新日期：1996-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Occipital cortex of 19-day-old fetal rats was dissociated and cultured in vitro for 2-5 weeks in horse serum supplemented Eagle's MEM. The outgrowing neurons rapidly formed a dense network which started to degenerate after 3 weeks in vitro. By means of electron microscopy the numerical development of 6 different categ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Romijn HJ,Mud MT,Habets AM,Wolters PS

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of repetitive stimulation of the locus coeruleus (LC) on the discharge rate of spontaneously active neurons of the visual, rostral and cingulate cortex was investigated in untreated and catecholamine-depleted rats under chloral hydrate anesthesia. In untreated animals, the inhibitory transsynaptic effects p...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Olpe HR,Glatt A,Laszlo J,Schellenberg A

更新日期：1980-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Notch signaling is a highly conserved pathway that regulates cell fate decisions during embryonic development. We have recently identified that in ischemic stroke, activity of γ-secretase and the resulting Notch activation may endanger neurons by modulating NF-κB and HIF-1α pathways. Notch signaling can also modulate ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Cheng YL,Choi Y,Seow WL,Manzanero S,Sobey CG,Jo DG,Arumugam TV

更新日期：2014-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:A role for glutamatergic signaling in the nucleus accumbens (NA) in both the expression and extinction of cocaine seeking has been suggested. The effects of extinction following cocaine self-administration on the expression and synaptosomal distribution of GluR1 and NMDAR1 glutamate receptor subunits in the NA shell a...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ghasemzadeh MB,Vasudevan P,Mueller CR,Seubert C,Mantsch JR

更新日期：2009-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Adrenergic innervation of tibial and vagus nerves was studied after 1-16 weeks duration of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Sucrose-phosphate glyoxylic acid (SPG) histochemistry and the formaldehyde-induced fluorescence (FIF) method were used to demonstrate adrenergic nerve fibers in the epi-perineurial ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Koistinaho J,Wadhwani KC,Rapoport SI

更新日期：1990-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) is susceptible to proteolysis by a calcium-activated neutral protease which is located in myelin. The conversion of MAG (M(r) 100,000) to its soluble derivative dMAG (M(r) 90,000) occurs much more rapidly in myelin from human white matter than in myelin from rat brain, and the rate...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Möller JR

更新日期：1996-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-activated Na+ channels in the primary sensory neurons are important for generation of action potentials and regulation of neurotransmitter release. The Na+ channels expressed in different types of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons are not fully known. In this study, we determined the possible difference in te...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wu ZZ,Pan HL

更新日期：2004-12-17 00:00:00