Screening of gap junction antagonists on dye coupling in the rabbit retina.

abstract：:The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for determining whether medical device manufacturers have provided reasonable assurance, based on valid scientific evidence, that new devices are safe and effective for their intended use before they are introduced into the U.S. market. Most existing color vision d...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Drum B

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arrestins participate in the termination of phototransduction in both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the visual arrestins of invertebrates and vertebrates differ significantly from one another in that the invertebrate visual arrestins become phosphorylated rapidly in response to light while those in the photo...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Battelle BA,Andrews AW,Kempler KE,Edwards SC,Smith WC

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eyes of stomatopod crustaceans, or mantis shrimps, contain the greatest diversity of visual pigments yet described in any species, with as many as ten or more spectral classes present in a single retina. In this study, the eyes of seven species of mantis shrimp from three superfamilies of stomatopods were examined for...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Goldsmith TH,Cronin TW

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tritiated neurotransmitter candidates were unilaterally injected in visual cortical regions with abundant corpus callosum connections. D-aspartate (Asp) or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was injected along the area 17/18 border in cat, and the area 17/18a and 17/18b borders in rat. Retrograde Asp label was found contr...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Elberger AJ

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:White noise stimuli were used to estimate second-order kernels for complex cells in cortical area V1 of the macaque monkey, and drifting grating stimuli were presented to the sample of neurons to obtain orientation and spatial-frequency tuning curves. Using these data, we quantified how well second-order kernels predi...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Gaska JP,Jacobson LD,Chen HW,Pollen DA

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monocular deprivation (MD) by lid suture is one of the classic paradigms for the study of developmental plasticity in the cerebral cortex, and we have detailed knowledge of its anatomical and physiological consequences as well as underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms. However, the effects of other forms of mani...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Jaffer S,Vorobyov V,Sengpiel F

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Surround enhancement (sensitization) is a poorly understood form of network adaptation in which the kinetics of the responses of retinal neurons to test stimuli become faster, and absolute sensitivity of the responses increases with increasing level of steady, surrounding light. Surround enhancement has been observed ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Reifsnider ES,Tranchina D

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the reverse Stroop task, observers are instructed to ignore the ink color in which a color word is printed (the distractor color) and to respond to the meaning of the color word (the target). Reaction times (RTs) are faster with congruent combinations when the ink color matches the word than with incongruent combin...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Smithson HE,Khan SS,Sharpe LT,Stockman A

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dopamine (DA) innervation, labeled by tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry in a wholemounted human retina, is described in the avascular area of the fovea. Eleven DA neurons give rise to this innervation, among which five are interplexiform cells, so that the DA innervation consists of two plexuses: one is in...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Savy C,Simon A,Nguyen-Legros J

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the influence of chromatic adaptation upon the perceived visual position of a test stimulus using a Vernier alignment task. Maximum and minimum offsets in spatial position are generated when the adapting and test stimuli lie on the same and orthogonal axes in MBDKL color space, respectively. When the t...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： McKeefry DJ,McGraw PV,Vakrou C,Whitaker D

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thresholds for detection of light by a dark-adapted test eye were measured while the other, non-test eye was either similarly dark adapted or while it was exposed to an intense red adapting field. An interocular effect that depends on the retinal location of the test was found: compared to the threshold during binocul...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Auerbach E,Dörrenhaus A,Cavonius CR

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The retinas of adult teleost fish can regenerate following injury, but little is known about the neuronal integration of the visual scene that is performed by the regenerated retina. Using goldfish retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) as the experimental system, an evaluation of dendritic arbor structure and passive electrot...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Cameron DA,Vafai H,White JA

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural scenes contain a variety of visual cues that facilitate boundary perception (e.g., luminance, contrast, and texture). Here we explore whether single neurons in early visual cortex can process both contrast and texture cues. We recorded neural responses in cat A18 to both illusory contours formed by abutting gr...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Song Y,Baker CL Jr

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anatomical and electrophysiological studies have provided us with detailed information regarding the extent and topography of the primary (V1) and secondary (V2) visual areas in primates. The consensus about the V1 and V2 maps, however, is in sharp contrast with controversies regarding the organization of the cortical...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Gattass R,Lima B,Soares JG,Ungerleider LG

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) on the responses to motions of ON-OFF directionally selective (DS) ganglion cells of the turtle's retina. These drugs are antagonists of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. For continuous motions, picrotoxin markedly reduced the overall directionality...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Smith RD,Grzywacz NM,Borg-Graham LJ

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The representation of the visual field in the part of area 17 containing neurons that project axons across the corpus callosum to the contralateral hemisphere was defined in the cat. Of 1424 sites sampled along 77 electrode tracks, 768 proved to be in the callosal sending zone, which was identified by retrograde trans...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Payne BR

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptive field organization of cone-driven bipolar cells was investigated by intracellular recording in the intact light-adapted retina of the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). Centered spots and concentric annuli of optimum dimensions were used to selectively stimulate the receptive field center and surround wi...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Burkhardt DA,Bartoletti TM,Thoreson WB

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electroretinogram (ERG) responses of the cone system to a flickering stimulus can exhibit a cyclic variation in amplitude. This phenomenon of synchronous period doubling has been attributed to a nonlinear feedback mechanism within the retina that alters response gain. The aim of the present study was to investigate in...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Alexander KR,Levine MW,Super BJ

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To explore the possible influence of defined genetic backgrounds on photoreceptor viability and function in mice carrying a targeted disruption of the rhodopsin gene, the severities of retinopathies in Rho-/- mice on C57BL/6J and 129Sv congenic backgrounds were compared by light microscopy and electroretinography and ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Humphries MM,Kiang S,McNally N,Donovan MA,Sieving PA,Bush RA,Machida S,Cotter T,Hobson A,Farrar J,Humphries P,Kenna P

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptically localized calcium channels shape the timecourse of synaptic release, are a prominent site for neuromodulation, and have been implicated in genetic disease. In retina, it is well established that L-type calcium channels play a major role in mediating release of glutamate from the photoreceptors and bipolar...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Bieda MC,Copenhagen DR

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinae of the crab Leptograpsus which had been maintained on a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle were cultured in vitro and exposed to 1 microM okadaic acid (OKA) at 0.75 h before light onset. Control retinae were subjected to the same routine and sampled at the same times without OKA treatment. At the concentration used, O...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Blest AD,Carter M,Clausen JA,Stowe S,Trowell SC,Tsukitani Y

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two groups of retinal cone bipolar cells (CBCs) in rats were found to express voltage-gated Na+ channels. The axon terminals of the first group stratify in sublamina 2 of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and partially overlap with the OFF-cholinergic band. This group was identified as type 3 CBCs. The axon terminals of...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Cui J,Pan ZH

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The activity of the endogenous retinal dopamine (DA) pathway has been examined in the pigmented rat using retinas obtained from normal adult (approximately 3 months) and senile adults (approximately 24 months) using an in vitro electrophysiological approach. By comparing the pharmacological sensitivity of the horizont...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Hankins MW

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recordings were taken from infragranular layers of area 17 of anesthetized monkeys with an array of 30 microelectrodes matching about one hypercolumn. From intracortical spike-train correlations, the novel neuronal property "delay scale position" related to retino-cortical delays, was derived. Relationships were estab...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Krüger J

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several lines of evidence indicate that retinal photoreceptors produce melatonin. However, there are other potential melatonin sources in the retina, and melatonin synthesis can be regulated by feedback from the inner retina. To analyze cellular mechanisms of melatonin regulation in retinal photoreceptors, we have dev...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Cahill GM,Besharse JC

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We used qualitative tests to assess the sensitivity of 1043 V2 neurons (predominantly multiunits) in anesthetised macaque monkeys to direction, length, orientation, and color of moving bar stimuli. Spectral sensitivity was additionally tested by noting ON or OFF responses to flashed stimuli of varied size and color. T...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Shipp S,Zeki S

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed two brain slice preparations for studying tectofugal visual pathways in the chick: conventional, 400-microns slices ("thin slices"), and "thick slices" which encompass the rostral pole of the optic tectum and the contralateral optic nerve. Stimulation was delivered with a bipolar electrode positioned...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Dye JC,Karten HJ

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bresiliid shrimp, Rimicaris exoculata, lives in large masses on the sides of hydrothermal vent chimneys at two sites on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Although essentially no daylight penetrates to depths of 3500 m, very dim light is emitted from the hydrothermal vents themselves. To exploit this light, R. exoculata has ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： O'Neill PJ,Jinks RN,Herzog ED,Battelle BA,Kass L,Renninger GH,Chamberlain SC

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examine the assumptions that the fovea contains equal numbers of inner (invaginating or ON) and outer (flat or OFF) midget bipolar cells and equal numbers of inner and outer diffuse bipolar cells. Based on reconstruction from electron photomicrographs of serial thin sections through the fovea of a macaque monkey, w...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Ahmad KM,Klug K,Herr S,Sterling P,Schein S

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study used the swept spatial-frequency method to compare retinal and cortical acuity in anesthetized young adult rhesus monkeys. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and pattern electroretinographic responses (PERGs) were recorded from 25 monkeys (age range: 4-12 years) anesthetized with a continuous infusion of propo...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Ver Hoeve JN,Danilov YP,Kim CB,Spear PD

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00