Comparative structural and functional analysis of photoreceptor neurons of Rho-/- mice reveal increased survival on C57BL/6J in comparison to 129Sv genetic background.

abstract：:The visual response to a flash given in the dark is known to saturate according to the Michaelis-Menten relationship. Nevertheless, the incremental response from increasing levels of mean luminance tends to follow a Weber-Fechner relationship well into the saturation range determined from the Michaelis-Menten results....

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Chappell RL,Naka K

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GABA is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian retina and it acts at many different sites via a variety of postsynaptic receptors. These include GABAA receptors and bicuculline-resistant GABAC receptors. The release of acetylcholine (ACh) is inhibited by GABA and strongly potentiated by GABA antagonists....

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Massey SC,Linn DM,Kittila CA,Mirza W

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for determining whether medical device manufacturers have provided reasonable assurance, based on valid scientific evidence, that new devices are safe and effective for their intended use before they are introduced into the U.S. market. Most existing color vision d...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Drum B

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using autoradiographic and biochemical techniques, we studied the sodium-dependent forward and reverse transport of the neurotransmitter histamine in an arthropod photoreceptor in order to test whether the transporter plays a central role in visual signal transfer at this synapse. In particular, we asked whether the h...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Stuart AE,Gebhardt KA,Vogel SN,Rodriguez O

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regeneration of the teleost retina following surgical extirpation of 25% to 100% of the neural retina was investigated in goldfish (Carrasius auratus) and sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus). The retina will regenerate following removal of up to 95% of the neural retina, however complete extirpation prevented regeneration. Vi...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Mensinger AF,Powers MK

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The retinas of adult teleost fish can regenerate following injury, but little is known about the neuronal integration of the visual scene that is performed by the regenerated retina. Using goldfish retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) as the experimental system, an evaluation of dendritic arbor structure and passive electrot...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Cameron DA,Vafai H,White JA

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extrastriate areas TEO and V4 have been associated with form and color vision. Area V4 has also been suggested to participate in processes concerned with attention, stimulus salience, and perceptual learning. In a continuing effort to elucidate the connectional interactions and microcircuitry of these areas, we descri...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Rockland KS,Saleem KS,Tanaka K

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a part of ongoing efforts to understand the cholinergic circuitry in the mammalian retina, we studied the coexpression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the GABA transporter 1 (GAT-1), or choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunoreactivity in the rabbit retina. Double-l...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Dmitrieva NA,Lindstrom JM,Keyser KT

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is widely accepted that human color vision is based on two types of cone-opponent mechanism, one differencing L and M cone types (loosely termed "red-green"), and the other differencing S with the L and M cones (loosely termed "blue-yellow"). The traditional view of the early processing of human color vision sugges...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Sankeralli MJ,Mullen KT

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptive field organization of cone-driven bipolar cells was investigated by intracellular recording in the intact light-adapted retina of the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum). Centered spots and concentric annuli of optimum dimensions were used to selectively stimulate the receptive field center and surround wi...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Burkhardt DA,Bartoletti TM,Thoreson WB

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Tennessee Mouse Genome Consortium (TMGC) is in its fifth year of a ethylnitrosourea (ENU)-based mutagenesis screen to detect recessive mutations that affect the eye and brain. Each pedigree is tested by various phenotyping domains including the eye, neurohistology, behavior, aging, ethanol, drug, social behavior, ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Jablonski MM,Wang X,Lu L,Miller DR,Rinchik EM,Williams RW,Goldowitz D

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the effects of picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) on the responses to motions of ON-OFF directionally selective (DS) ganglion cells of the turtle's retina. These drugs are antagonists of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. For continuous motions, picrotoxin markedly reduced the overall directionality...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Smith RD,Grzywacz NM,Borg-Graham LJ

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To gain insight into how vision guides eye movements, monkeys were trained to make a single saccade to a specified target stimulus during feature and conjunction search with stimuli discriminated by color and shape. Monkeys performed both tasks at levels well above chance. The latencies of saccades to the target in co...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Bichot NP,Schall JD

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The retinae of insectivores have been rarely studied, and their photoreceptor arrangements and expression patterns of visual pigments are largely unknown. We have determined the presence and distribution of cones in three species of shrews (common shrew Sorex araneus, greater white-toothed shrew Crocidura russula, dar...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Peichl L,Künzle H,Vogel P

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is reportedly 3% bi-nucleated. The importance to human vision of multi-nucleated (MN)-RPE cells could be clarified with more data about their distribution in central retina. METHODS:Nineteen human RPE-flatmounts (9 ≤ 51 years, 10 > 80 years) were imaged at 12 locat...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Starnes AC,Huisingh C,McGwin G Jr,Sloan KR,Ablonczy Z,Smith RT,Curcio CA,Ach T

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study used the swept spatial-frequency method to compare retinal and cortical acuity in anesthetized young adult rhesus monkeys. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and pattern electroretinographic responses (PERGs) were recorded from 25 monkeys (age range: 4-12 years) anesthetized with a continuous infusion of propo...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Ver Hoeve JN,Danilov YP,Kim CB,Spear PD

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptically localized calcium channels shape the timecourse of synaptic release, are a prominent site for neuromodulation, and have been implicated in genetic disease. In retina, it is well established that L-type calcium channels play a major role in mediating release of glutamate from the photoreceptors and bipolar...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Bieda MC,Copenhagen DR

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We tested the hypothesis that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the transmitter released by barnacle photoreceptors onto postsynaptic cells (I-cells). GABA was applied to I-cells either by superfusion or by ejecting it with pressure from a pipette positioned close to the I-cell's soma. The I-cell's response to GABA wa...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Callaway JC,Stuart AE

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anterograde transport of cholera toxin subunit B (CTb) was used to study the retinal projections in birds, with an emphasis on retinohypothalamic connections. Pigeons (Columbia livia) were deeply anesthetized and received unilateral intraocular injections of CTb. In addition to known contralateral retinorecipient regi...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Shimizu T,Cox K,Karten HJ,Britto LR

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccadic suppression is the reduced visibility that occurs during saccadic eye movements. Recent psychophysical studies have suggested that this is due to a reduction in responsiveness of magnocellular (M), but not parvocellular (P), cells of the lateral geniculate nucleus. To address this and other phenomena of respo...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Ramcharan EJ,Gnadt JW,Sherman SM

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinae of the crab Leptograpsus which had been maintained on a 12-h light/12-h dark cycle were cultured in vitro and exposed to 1 microM okadaic acid (OKA) at 0.75 h before light onset. Control retinae were subjected to the same routine and sampled at the same times without OKA treatment. At the concentration used, O...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Blest AD,Carter M,Clausen JA,Stowe S,Trowell SC,Tsukitani Y

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eye growth and refraction are regulated by visual processing in the retina. Until now, the messengers released by the retina to induce these changes are largely unknown. Previously, it was found that glucagon amacrine cells respond to defocus in the retinal image and even to its sign. The expression of the immediate-e...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Feldkaemper MP,Schaeffel F

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian rhythms affect the anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of the visual cells in the eyes of the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus). These rhythms are mediated by the activity of efferent neurons that project from the central nervous system to all of the eyes. In this study, the optic nerves of Limulus were ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Calman BG,Battelle BA

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent isolation of at least five different cDNAs encoding functional subunits of glutamate receptors (GluR1 to GluR5) has revealed a diversity whose function is not understood. To learn more about how these different receptor subunits are used in the brain, we undertook an in situ hybridization study of the retin...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Hughes TE,Hermans-Borgmeyer I,Heinemann S

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increment threshold functions of the electroretinogram (ERG) b-wave were obtained from goldfish using an in vivo preparation to study intraretinal mechanisms underlying the increase in perceived brightness induced by depletion of retinal dopamine by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Goldfish received unilateral intraocular ...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Lin ZS,Yazulla S

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two groups of retinal cone bipolar cells (CBCs) in rats were found to express voltage-gated Na+ channels. The axon terminals of the first group stratify in sublamina 2 of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and partially overlap with the OFF-cholinergic band. This group was identified as type 3 CBCs. The axon terminals of...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Cui J,Pan ZH

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The multi-input technique of Sutter and Tran (1992) yields multiple focal ERGs. The purpose here was to compare the components of this multifocal ERG to the components of the standard, full-field ERG. To record multifocal ERGs, an array of 103 hexagons was displayed on a monitor. Full-field (Ganzfeld) ERGs were elicit...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Hood DC,Seiple W,Holopigian K,Greenstein V

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopaminergic interplexiform cells in the retina of the blue acara were investigated using an antiserum against tyrosine hydroxylase and PAP visualization. In whole-mount preparations, we observed a homogeneous distribution of cell bodies throughout the retina without any indication of regional specialization. At the f...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Wagner HJ,Wulle I

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of dopamine on luminosity-type horizontal cells have been documented in different vertebrate retinas, both in vivo and in vitro. Some of these effects may reflect direct action of dopamine onto these cells, but indirect effects mediated by presynaptic neurons cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, direct effect...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Ammermüller J,Weiler R,Perlman I

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of GABA-like immunoreactivity in the pigeon visual system was studied during the first 9 days after hatching using a mouse monoclonal antibody, mAb 3A12, to glutaraldehyde linked GABA (Matute & Streit, 1986). GABA-like immunoreactivity was seen in cell bodies as well as in neuropil at the level of bot...

journal_title：Visual neuroscience

authors： Bagnoli P,Fontanesi G,Streit P,Domenici L,Alesci R

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00