Plant coenzyme A biosynthesis: characterization of two pantothenate kinases from Arabidopsis.

Abstract:

:In bacterial and animal coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis, pantothenate kinase (PANK) activity is critical in regulating intracellular CoA levels. Less is known about the role of PANK in plants, although a single plant isozyme from Arabidopsis, AtPANK1, was previously cloned and analyzed in vitro. We report here the characterization of a second pantothenate kinase of Arabidopsis, AtPANK2, as well as characterization of the physiological roles of both plant enzymes. The activity of the second pantothenate kinase, AtPANK2, was confirmed by its ability to complement the temperature-sensitive mutation of the bacterial pantothenate kinase in E. coli strain ts9. Knock-out mutation of either AtPANK1 or AtPANK2 did not inhibit plant growth, whereas pank1-1/pank2-1 double knockout mutations were embryo lethal. The phenotypes of the mutant plants demonstrated that only one of the AtPANK enzymes is necessary and sufficient for producing adequate CoA levels, and that no other enzyme can compensate for the loss of both isoforms. Real-time PCR measurements of AtPANK1 and AtPANK2 transcripts indicated that both enzymes are expressed with similar patterns in all tissues examined, further suggesting that AtPANK1 and AtPANK2 have complementary roles. The two enzymes have homologous pantothenate kinase domains, but AtPANK2 also carries a large C-terminal protein domain. Sequence comparisons indicate that this type of "bifunctional" pantothenate kinase is conserved in other higher eukaryotes as well. Although the function of the C-terminal domain is not known, homology structure modeling suggests it contains a highly conserved cluster of charged residues that likely constitute a metal-binding site.

journal_name

Plant Mol Biol

journal_title

Plant molecular biology

authors

Tilton GB,Wedemeyer WJ,Browse J,Ohlrogge J

doi

10.1007/s11103-006-0037-4

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-07-01 00:00:00

pages

629-42

issue

4-5

eissn

0167-4412

issn

1573-5028

journal_volume

61

pub_type

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