Abstract:
:Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a multifactorial and clinically heterogeneous disorder that is associated with tremendous financial burden, stress to families, and adverse academic and vocational outcomes. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is highly prevalent in children worldwide, and the prevalence of this disorder in adults is increasingly recognized. Studies of adults with a diagnosis of childhood-onset ADHD indicate that clinical correlates--demographic, psychosocial, psychiatric, and cognitive features--mirror findings among children with ADHD. Predictors of persistence of ADHD include family history of the disorder, psychiatric comorbidity, and psychosocial adversity. Family studies of ADHD have consistently supported its strong familial nature. Psychiatric disorders comorbid with childhood ADHD include oppositional defiant and conduct disorders, whereas mood and anxiety disorders are comorbid with ADHD in both children and adults. Pregnancy and delivery complications, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and adverse family environment variables are considered important risk factors for ADHD. The etiology of ADHD has not been clearly identified, although evidence supports neurobiologic and genetic origins. Structural and functional imaging studies suggest that dysfunction in the fronto-subcortical pathways, as well as imbalances in the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems, contribute to the pathophysiology of ADHD. Medication with dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity seems to reduce ADHD symptoms by blocking dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake. Such alterations in dopaminergic and noradrenergic function are apparently necessary for the clinical efficacy of pharmacologic treatments of ADHD.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Biederman Jdoi
10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-06-01 00:00:00pages
1215-20issue
11eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006-3223(04)01100-Xjournal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Positron emission tomography studies have demonstrated less dopamine D2/3 receptor availability and blunted psychostimulant-induced dopamine release in cocaine-dependent subjects (CDSs). No studies in CDSs have reported the in vivo status of D2/3 and dopamine release in the cortex. Basic and functional imagi...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.04.001
更新日期:2020-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic treatment of rats with certain selective serotonin or norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors produces significant decreases, respectively, in serotonin and norepinephrine transporter binding sites in brain. Duloxetine may be a dual serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, as it is only a slightly mor...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.02.029
更新日期:2007-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) versus placebo for treating narcolepsy was evaluated in 20 patients with narcolepsy, 10 men and 10 women, using a double-blind counterbalanced crossover design. Each patient completed a daily sleep-wake log and questionnaire during a 14-day baseline, a 29-day placebo period,...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(89)90048-6
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of short- and long-term administration of a low dose of tranylcypromine on brain and urine levels of several biogenic amines and on brain activity of monoamine oxidases (MAO) A and B were investigated. MAO-A and MAO-B were inhibited by greater than 85% on day 1, and this inhibition continued to increase ov...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(88)90033-9
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Emerging evidence suggests disruptions in the wiring organization of the brain's network in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). As the importance of genetic predisposition has been firmly established in these illnesses, children (offspring) of patients constitute an at-risk population. This study e...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.06.013
更新日期:2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). With single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we reported reductions in anterior cingulate glutamatergic concentrations (grouped value of glutamate and glutamine) in 14 pediatric MDD patients ver...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.05.007
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Considering the magnitude of the reported changes in brain volume over time in first-episode patients it is unlikely that these changes are constant over the life-span of the schizophrenic illness. Thus, one would expect the progression in brain volume change in schizophrenia to follow a more complex traject...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.01.004
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Current pathophysiologic models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that impaired functional connectivity within brain attention networks may contribute to the disorder. In this electroencephalographic (EEG) study, we analyzed cross-frequency amplitude correlations to investigate diffe...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.11.022
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies suggest that catecholaminergic overactivity and structural brain damage may contribute to the pathogenesis of tardive dyskinesia (TD). Although dopaminergic (DA) mechanisms, specifically postsynaptic receptor supersensitivity, have been extensively studied, equally plausible noradrenergic (NE) changes...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(86)90245-3
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic but not acute treatment with antidepressants increases hippocampal neurogenesis. Because chronic treatment with antidepressants also upregulates p11, we hypothesized that p11 might regulate effects of antidepressants on aspects of neurogenesis. METHODS:Fluoxetine was administered chronically to wild...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.01.024
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Insomnia symptoms are associated with vulnerability to age-related morbidity and mortality. Cross-sectional data suggest that accelerated biological aging may be a mechanism through which sleep influences risk. A novel method for determining age acceleration using epigenetic methylation to DNA has demonstrat...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.07.008
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Perinatal maternal depression is a serious health concern with potential lasting negative consequences for children. Prenatal depression is associated with altered brain gray matter in children, though relations between postpartum depression and children's brains and the role of white matter are unclear. ME...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.12.004
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inositol has been reported to be an effective treatment in depression, and we hypothesized that inositol addition might enhance or speed up response to serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). METHODS:Twenty-seven depressed patients completed a double-blind controlled 4-week trial of SSRI plus placeb...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00145-0
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type and 11 age-matched control subjects were given the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) test. The two groups did not differ with respect to peak thyrotropin (TSH) response or TSH levels at baseline, 20, 30, and 45 min after TRH injection. There were significant...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(93)90293-m
更新日期:1993-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies suggest circadian rhythm disturbances in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and sleep-onset insomnia (SOI). We investigate here sleep and rhythms in activity and melatonin in adults with ADHD. METHODS:Sleep logs and actigraphy data were collected during 1 week in ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.12.032
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the association between post-dexamethasone suppression test (DST) serum cortisol and body weight, self-report of weight loss during the episode, and measured weight loss during the first week of admission in a series of 245 depressed inpatients. Data on measured weight loss between two successive admission...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(86)90267-2
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nutritional survey, the Pittsburgh Appetite Test (PAT), was developed to study potential changes in appetite and food preference reported by patients during a depressive episode and during antidepressant treatment. We examined a group of 50 depressed outpatients who were drug-free for 2 weeks prior to treatment with...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(87)90180-6
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Transcription factors of the Nur family (Nurr1, Nur77, and Nor-1) are orphan nuclear receptors closely associated with dopamine neurotransmission in the central nervous system. Nur77 expression is strongly modulated by antipsychotic and ant-parkinsonian drugs in dopaminoceptive brain areas. However, the role...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.04.023
更新日期:2006-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Excessive glutamatergic neurotransmission may contribute to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent evidence suggests that riluzole and other agents that target glutamate neurotransmission may show antidepressant activity. METHODS:Ten patients with treatment-resistant depression had r...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.08.037
更新日期:2007-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::This article has been retracted, consistent with Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal. Please see . The Publisher apologises for any inconvenience this may cause. ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.10.027
更新日期:2006-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown an association between low serum cholesterol concentration and suicide; however, conflicting results have also been reported. To examine this potential association, cholesterol levels in 99 patients admitted to an emergency ward following an attempted suicide were compared with those in 74 ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(95)00672-9
更新日期:1997-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGOUND:Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is devastating and poorly treated, and innovative targets are actively sought for prevention and treatment. The orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR88 is enriched in mesocorticolimbic pathways, and Gpr88 knockout mice show hyperactivity and risk-taking behavior, but a potential rol...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.01.026
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined the involvement of the central dopaminergic system in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The study of prolactin (PRL) secretion may be an informative indirect method for the assessment of the dopaminergic system in children with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS:Plasma P...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00005-0
更新日期:1999-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:22q11.2 deletions and duplications are copy number variations (CNVs) that predispose to developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Both CNVs are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), while the deletion confers disproportionate risk for schizophrenia. Neurobehavioral profiles associated with these re...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.12.028
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intracellular deposition of tau protein is a hallmark lesion of Alzheimer's disease. Although it is known this event is secondary to excessive tau phosphorylation, the mechanisms involved remain unknown. We previously reported that the enzyme 5-Lipoxygenase (5LO) acts as a modulator of Aβ peptides formation ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.12.012
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The demands of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) change with experience. This report contains two studies designed to examine N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor contributions to the executive components of WCST performance. These aspects of WCST performance figure more prominently in the initial compl...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00097-9
更新日期:2000-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The etiology of dementia that occurs in patients with schizophrenia is not well understood. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have been implicated in cognitive function, and deficits in these receptors have been reported in schizophrenia. METHODS:The present study investigates possible associations of nicot...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00348-2
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Depression is associated with significant functional impairment. Recent evidence has linked the orbital frontal cortex (OFC) with depression. We examined the relationship between OFC volumes in older subjects and impairment in the basic (BADL) and instrumental (IADL) activities of daily living. METHODS:The ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01490-7
更新日期:2003-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Binge eating is associated with obesity and has been conceptualized as "food addiction." However, this view has received only inconsistent support in humans, and limited evidence relates key neurocircuitry to the disorder. Moreover, relatively few studies have used pharmacologic functional magnetic resonance...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.10.022
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have implicated neurogenesis in the hippocampus in animal models of depression, especially those related to controllability and learned helplessness. Here, we tested the hypothesis that uncontrollable but not controllable stress would reduce cell proliferation in the hippocampus of male and ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.10.033
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00