Abstract：
:Although most PCRs would produce proper PCR products when first tried, a general optimization is required to yield the best results. This optimization is often achieved by changing one factor at a time. However, this may lead to suboptimal results, since interactions between conditions are difficult to detect with this approach. In the present study, we describe the factorial optimization of PCR conditions for microsatellite genotyping, by introducing small systematic variations in conditions during the genotyping process. The hypothesis was that small changes will not affect genotyping results, but will provide information about the optimality of current conditions. The conditions to vary were the concentrations of buffer, MgCl(2), dNTPs, primers, Taq polymerase and DNA, the annealing temperature (T(a)) and the number of cycles. We show that, by a 2(8) factorial experiment, it is possible to identify not only the factors responsible for obtaining good results, but also those responsible for bad results. However, the condition leading to the highest signals is not necessarily the best operational condition. The best operational condition is minimally sensitive to random pipetting fluctuations and yields reliable genotypes as well.
journal_name
Biotechnol Appl Biochemjournal_title
Biotechnology and applied biochemistryauthors
Niens M,Spijker GT,Diepstra A,te Meerman GJdoi
10.1042/BA20040192subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-10-01 00:00:00pages
157-62issue
Pt 2eissn
0885-4513issn
1470-8744pii
BA20040192journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The Madagascar periwinkle [Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don] is a plant species known for its production of TIAs (terpenoid indole alkaloids), many of which are pharmaceutically important. Ajmalicine and serpentine are prescribed for the treatment of hypertension, whereas the bisindoles vinblastine, vincristine and 3',...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1042/BA20080239
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A deletion htpR mutant of Escherichia coli has been constructed on the basis of site-directed mutagenesis. To this end, the chromosomal allele of htpR gene was substituted by a mutant allele introduced into the cell with a recombinant plasmid. The htpR mutant is characterized by a reduced level of proteolysis and ther...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A pathway for the synthesis of the repeating tetrasaccharide units in gellan gum from Pseudomonas elodea is proposed. The enzymes presumed to be involved in the synthesis of the activated precursors UDP-glucose, TDP-rhamnose, and UDP-glucuronic acid were detected and assayed in crude cell extracts of the gellan-produc...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A truncated precursor form of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), [-2]proPSA, is a well-known biomarker for prostate cancer. To develop a biomarker assay, highly purified [-2]proPSA is required as a standard reference and for generation of a specific antibody. In this study, we generated an efficient mammalian expression...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/bab.1481
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some epidemiological studies have suggested possible associations between exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) and various diseases. Recently, ELF-EMF has been considered as a therapeutic agent. To support ELF-EMF use in regenerative medicine, in particular in the treatment of skin inj...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/bab.1495
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The membranotropic properties of block co-polymers and their protein conjugates were studied by their effect on the rate of oxygen consumption by isolated liver mitochondria and on thymus-derived lymphocytes. The block co-polymers consisted of poly(ethylene oxide) (PoE) [poly(ethylene glycol)] and poly(propylene oxide...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of garlic (Allium sativum L.) on the diabetic nephropathy and oxidative stress induced by STZ (streptozotocin) in rats. Diabetes was induced in Male Sprague-Dawley rats by administering a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60 mg/kg of body weight). ...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BA20080086
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human urokinase was immobilized on an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer surface. Soluble urokinase showed its maximum activity at pH 8.5, while the immobilized enzyme was most active at pH 9.0. Apparently, the shift in optimal pH was due to the polyanionic nature of the carrier surface on which the enzyme was immobiliz...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of silica nanoparticles and conventional silica sources on the changes in microbial biomass and silica availability to pure soil and maize rhizosphere was studied. Nanosilica (20-40 nm) was synthesized from rice husk and comprehensively characterized. The efficiency of nanosilica was evaluated in terms of i...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/bab.1191
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mirabilis himalaica is an endangered medicinal plant species in the Tibetan Plateau. The two genes respectively encoding chalcone synthase (MhCHS) and chalcone isomerase (MhCHI) were isolated and characterized from M. himalaica. The sequence analysis revealed that the two genes were similar with their corresponding ho...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/bab.1376
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to impart an ability for receptor-independent transmembrane transfer to water-soluble proteins, it has been suggested that they be hydrophobized by lipid groups (fatty acids, etc.). To this end, systems of reversed micelles of surfactants in organic solvents were used as reaction media for protein modificatio...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sialidase gene from Brevibacterium casei was cloned in pET28a and overexpressed as a histidine-tagged protein in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The histidine-tagged sialidase protein was purified and characterized from the crude cell extracts of isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside-induced cells using Ni-NTA agarose c...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/bab.1475
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synthetic membranes containing 10% acrylamide units were subjected to activation with formaldehyde at pH 7.5 and 45 degrees C. Trypsin, invertase, and urease were bound to this activated membrane and the kinetic properties of immobilized enzymes were studied. The permeability of the membrane for distilled water manife...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:2,7'-Cyclolignans constitute a group of compounds regularly employed in clinical contexts due to their antiviral and anticancer properties as expressed in a number of already available designed drugs. Possibilities for other therapeutic developments are indicated. All commercial preparations actually originate from a ...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1042/BA20090253
更新日期：2010-03-12 00:00:00
abstract：:This review article focuses on the use of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris as a recombinant protein-expression system. P. pastoris is a useful system for the expression of milligram-to-gram quantities of a protein, which can be scaled up to fermentation to meet greater demands. Compared with mammalian cells, P...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:c-Jun is a highly oncogenic transcription factor involved in the development of different types of cancer. In the present study we have generated c-Jun-binding-affinity proteins from a phage-displayed library of so-called 'Affibody ligands', developed by combinatorial engineering of a non-immunoglobulin-based scaffold...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BA20070178
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by excessive growth of myeloid cells and their progenitors. The proportion of spectrin dimers compared to tetramers extracted from membranes at 4 degrees C, under low ionic strength conditions, increased in CML erythrocytes. These also displa...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this paper is to make the point on the fortieth years study on the β-glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus. This enzyme represents one of the thermophilic biocatalysts, which is more extensively studied as witnessed by the numerous literature reports available since 1980. Comprehensive biochemical studie...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/bab.1982
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:So far, many studies have focused on biodegradable scaffolds for tissue engineering purposes. Herein, a starch-based biodegradable scaffold was fabricated by the freeze-drying method and cross-linked using a different concentration of 3-glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Field emission scanning electron microsc...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/bab.1694
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The combination of IL-2 (interleukin-2) and GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor) has been broadly studied in antitumour immune therapy, but its efficacy is uncertain. To better exert the activities of the two cytokines and study them in a mouse model, we have constructed a bifunctional protein, hI...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BA20070125
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hydrolysis kinetics of native and denatured haemoglobin, using pepsin immobilized on aluminium oxide, was studied in order to produce hydrolysates containing bioactive peptides. Pepsin was immobilized on acidic alumina and on 2-ethanolamine- O -phosphate (2-EAOP)-modified acidic alumina. Surface charge of the two ...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BA20030131
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rapid, simple and sensitive fluorometric assay method for the determination of nitrilase activity is described. 3-Cyanopyridine was hydrolysed to nicotinic acid by Rhodococcus rhodochrous and the liberated NH(3) was allowed to react with buffered o -phthaldialdehyde-2-mercaptoethanol solution (pH 7.4) to form a fluo...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BA20020106
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A microbial fuel cell is a sustainable and environmental-friendly device that combines electricity generation and wastewater treatment through metabolic activities of microorganisms. However, low power output from inadequate electron transfer to the anode electrode hampers its practical implementation. Nanocomposites ...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/bab.1928
更新日期：2020-04-21 00:00:00
abstract：:The Staphylococcus aureus protein A (SpA) can be obtained through the culture of wild-type S. aureus and also as a recombinant protein in safe bacterial hosts. Several methods have been used to purify SpA among which ion-exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, gel filtration, and per aqueous liquid chromatog...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/bab.1742
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel showed advantageous characteristics in relation to other technologies once it works under bland conditions, no generation of wastewater, no occurrence of saponifications reactions and production of a biodiesel with high quality. Although many researches still apply immobilized lipases,...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/bab.1835
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, recombinant HCV (hepatitis C virus) core proteins enhanced the immune response elicited by a co-delivered DNA vaccine encoding HCV core and envelope proteins. A mixture of the plasmid pIDKE2 and Co.173, a protein comprising the first 173 amino acids of HCV core, in particular induces a strong hum...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BA20050202
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) have been encapsulated in sheep and human red blood cells (RBCs) by a hypotonic dialysis/isotonic resealing procedure. At a fixed enzyme level in the dialysis bag (100 units/ml of RBCs), a significant encapsulation yield was observed for ADH, both in human ...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Entrapped cells and entrapped cells grown inside of a calcium alginate matrix as well as free cells have been investigated using Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant strains with regard to their pattern of growth and invertase activity. The repression of invertase by glucose and glucose-consumption ability were considered ...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1042/BA20020101
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mustard tuber wastewater is characterized by high salinity and high organic content that is potentially detrimental to the biological treatment system and affects the treatment efficiency accordingly. The experiment used the integrated bioreactor to reduce much of the organics in mustard tuber wastewater, and found th...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/bab.1396
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The therapeutic potential of microRNA-21 (miR-21) small-molecule inhibitors has been of particular interest to medicinal chemists. Moreover, the development of more facile screening methods is lacking. In the present study, two potential screening strategies for miR-21 small-molecule inhibitor including the stem-loop ...
journal_title：Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/bab.1756
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
