Abstract:
:Spastic paresis follows chronic disruption of the central execution of volitional command. Motor function in patients with spastic paresis is subjected over time to three fundamental insults, of which the last two are avoidable: (1) the neural insult itself, which causes paresis, i.e., reduced voluntary motor unit recruitment; (2) the relative immobilization of the paretic body part, commonly imposed by the current care environment, which causes adaptive shortening of the muscles left in a shortened position and joint contracture; and (3) the chronic disuse of the paretic body part, which is typically self-imposed in most patients. Chronic disuse causes plastic rearrangements in the higher centers that further reduce the ability to voluntarily recruit motor units, i.e., that aggravate baseline paresis. Part I of this review focuses on the pathophysiology of the first two factors causing motor impairment in spastic paresis: the vicious cycle of paresis-disuse-paresis and the contracture in soft tissues.
journal_name
Muscle Nervejournal_title
Muscle & nerveauthors
Gracies JMdoi
10.1002/mus.20284subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-05-01 00:00:00pages
535-51issue
5eissn
0148-639Xissn
1097-4598journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
MUSCLE & NERVE文献大全abstract:INTRODUCTION:The molecular mechanism of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) remains unknown. Autophagy impairment, described in autoimmune diseases, is a key process in myofiber protein degradation flux and muscle integrity and has not been studied in IMNM. METHODS:Muscle biopsies from patients with IMNM (n = ...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.26608
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve conduction studies (NCS) may be deferred because of a perceived risk of cardiac arrhythmia in the presence of same-limb peripheral intravenous lines. Patients with implanted pacemakers or defibrillators provide a model in whom this risk can be assessed. Twenty patients, seven with pacemakers and 13 with defibril...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.21714
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although formal spirometry is the gold standard for monitoring respiratory function in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), such testing is often delayed or unavailable. There is a need for a simple bedside test that can accurately measure respiratory function. METHODS:We conducted a prospective, cross-s...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.24929
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We performed a retrospective analysis of the clinical, pathological, and electrophysiological features of 21 cases of Asymptomatic vasculitic neuropathy (AsVN). METHODS:Among 270 patients with biopsy-proven vasculitic neuropathy, we identified 21 (7.8%) who had asymptomatic neuropathy. RESULTS:Of the 21 ...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.24494
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) is a standard diagnostic procedure in myasthenia gravis (MG). Although RNS sensitivity is highest in weak muscles, RNS is easier to perform in distal muscles that are often not affected. Twenty-five patients with MG were assessed to compare the sensitivity of RNS of the nasalis muscl...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.10411
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Being the smallest functional units under neural control, motor units play an integral role in muscle physiology. However, at the present time, there does not exist any widely accepted technique for quantifying or estimating the number of motor units in a muscle. Specifically, the existing techniques are the increment...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/mus.880131108
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) received immune globulin intravenous, 10% caprylate/chromatography purified (IGIV-C, Gamunex; n=59) or placebo (n=58) every 3 weeks for up to 24 weeks (first period) in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, response-conditional, crossover stu...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/mus.21236
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:UDP N-acetylglucosamine2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine-kinase (GNE) gene mutations can cause mostly autosomal-recessive myopathy with juvenile-onset known as hereditary inclusion-body myopathy (HIBM). METHODS:We describe a family of a patient showing an unusual HIBM with both vacuolar myopathy and myositi...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.26486
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using poststimulus time histograms, it has been reported that stimulation of the median nerve at the elbow produces a monosynaptic EPSP in voluntarily active single motoneurons of the human biceps brachii. The present study was undertaken to: (i) determine whether such stimulation could evoke a reproducible reflex res...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.880180604
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six members originating from two families with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy (hypertrophic and neuronal types) were noted to have enlarged calf muscles. Muscle computed tomography revealed that muscle enlargement in the propositus of the family with the hypertrophic type of HMSN was due to an increase in mus...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.880130109
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Our aim in this study was to determine whether intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) or plasma exchange (PLEx) for treatment of neurologic disease is a trigger for thrombotic events. METHODS:Using administrative data from 2005 to 2014, we identified index admissions for thrombotic events. We performed case-cr...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.26884
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Hereditary transthyretin (hATTR) amyloidosis is a progressive, degenerative disease, with peripheral neuropathy, cardiomyopathy, and other clinical manifestations. In this study we examine the impact of hATTR amyloidosis on quality of life (QOL). METHODS:Neuropathy-specific QOL, measured with the Norfolk ...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.26515
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to assess turns/amplitude analysis (TAA) as an objective alternative to conventional qualitative electromyography (EMG) for detection of myopathy in facial muscles. Normal values of TAA parameters were calculated in the frontalis and mentalis muscles of 26 control subjects. We estimated t...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.21876
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In this study we investigated the influence of gender and obesity on electrical current thresholds in an attempt to optimize the application of skeletal muscle electrical stimulation (ES) in clinical practice. METHODS:Thirty-two obese and 35 age-matched, non-obese men and women received graded ES to the q...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.22050
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Accuracy of needle electromyography is typically ensured by use of anatomical landmarks and auditory feedback related to voluntary activation of the targeted muscle; however, in certain clinical situations, landmarks may not be palpable, auditory feedback may be limited or not present, and targeting a spec...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.22008
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Stretch injuries in peripheral nerves can cause pain, paralysis, and loss of sensation. Although optimal treatment depends on the degree of injury, it is difficult to determine the severity of induced nerve damage. METHODS:The load-deformation curves of rat median nerves were generated from monotonic load...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.23443
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anti-cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1A (cN1A) antibodies are commonly detected in patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM). However, their pathogenic role has not been established. Moreover, efforts toward identifying sIBM distinct clinicopathologic characteristics associated with these antibodies ha...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.27157
更新日期:2020-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::Ion channels are complex proteins that span the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane, where they orchestrate the electrical signals necessary for normal function of the central nervous system, peripheral nerve, and both skeletal and cardiac muscle. The role of ion channel defects in the pathogenesis of numerous disorder...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/mus.10164
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although paraspinal muscle fibrillations and positive sharp waves (PSWs) are used to help identify neuromuscular disorders, the frequency of these abnormalities in normal subjects is uncertain. We performed lumbosacral paraspinal electromyography in 65 normal subjects. Twenty-seven (42%) had fibrillations and/or PSWs,...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199810)21:10<1347::aid-mus
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acronym CANOMAD encompasses chronic ataxic neuropathy combined with ophthalmoplegia, M protein, cold agglutinins, and anti-disialosyl antibodies.Herein we describe 2 patients presenting with progressive ataxic neuropathy who only developed ophthalmoplegia after a significant delay post-presentation, which in 1 cas...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.22167
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present the case of a 37-year-old Afghani man with a history of childhood diphtheria, who was diagnosed with bilateral vocal cord paralysis at age 15 years. At about this time he developed progressive muscular wasting and distally predominant weakness, and subsequently developed respiratory insufficiency, necessita...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(200001)23:1<132::aid-mus21
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasound (US) technique was applied to measure the thickness, cross-sectional area (CSA), and internal structure of the quadriceps muscle in 70- to 80-year-old endurance and power athletes and untrained men. Isometric knee extension strength was higher in the power athletes than in the other groups. The mean values ...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.880140607
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A randomized double-blind therapeutic trial of isaxonine was completed over a 2-year period for 20 ambulant boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy aged 5 1/2-10 years. The effect of the drug was monitored by measurement of walking times over 28 and 150 ft, motor ability score, MRC score based on 32 muscle groups, and m...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/mus.880110807
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a consanguineous family that had progressive myopathy with rimmed vacuole (RV) formation and amyloid deposition. Patient 1 is a 71-year-old woman with muscle atrophy in the lumbar girdle and lower extremities. Patient 2 is a 40-year-old man (the son of Patient 1) with fatty changes in the biceps femoris mu...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.21373
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calmodulin levels have been assessed in whole muscle and primary culture extracts in order to examine the relationship between calmodulin and the accumulation of calcium in dystrophic hamster muscle tissues. Significant decreases in both normal and dystrophic skeletal muscle, tongue, and heart calmodulin levels were o...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.880100113
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies of the carpal tunnel syndrome have generally overlooked the possibility of a familial occurrence. A prospective study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and significance of a positive family history of carpal tunnel syndrome. Seventy-five of 253 women and 40 of 168 men with a confirmed ...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.880170311
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrodiagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected polyneuropathy is useful for detecting and documenting peripheral abnormalities, identifying the predominant pathophysiology, and determining the prognosis for certain disorders. The electrodiagnostic classification of polyneuropathy is associated with morphologi...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/mus.880131002
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a patient initially diagnosed as having ocular myasthenia gravis who showed progressive ophthalmoparesis and pseudoblepharospasm together with positive acetylcholine receptor antibodies. Repeated evaluation with high-frequency repetitive stimulation revealed an incremental response and elevated titers of ant...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199912)22:12<1727::aid-mus
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:An environmental trigger of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is supported by geographic disparities in ALS incidence and development of the disease in conjugal couples. This study aims to investigate the incidence of ALS in the Northern New England states of New Hampshire (NH), Vermont (VT), an...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mus.23761
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of an in-home expiratory muscle strength training (EMST) program on pulmonary, swallow, and cough function in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS:EMST was tested in a prospective, single-center, double-blind, randomized, contr...
journal_title:Muscle & nerve
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/mus.26292
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00