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Influence of menstrual cycle, parity and oral contraceptive use on steroid hormone receptors in normal breast.

Abstract：

:Steroid receptor was assessed immunohistochemically in 158 samples of normal breast for variation through the menstrual cycle. Patterns and intensity of reaction were used in a semi-quantitative scoring system to examine the influence of cycle phase, cycle type, parity and age. The changes in oestrogen receptor for natural cycle and oral contraceptive (OC) cycles indicated down-regulation by progestins. Progesterone receptor did not vary significantly in natural cycles, but increased steadily through OC cycles. This study provides strong evidence that both oestrogen and progesterone influence breast epithelium, but dissimilarities from the endometrium are apparent. The interval since pregnancy had a significant negative effect on frequency and score of oestrogen receptor and score of progesterone receptor. Multivariate analysis established the phase of cycle and OC use as independent significant influences on oestrogen receptor. The interval since pregnancy was an independent significant factor for both oestrogen and progesterone receptor presence. :Presence, distribution, and quantity of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) were determined by immunohistochemical techniques in 158 breast tissue samples, and results scored and analyzed for age, cycle phase, and oral contraceptive use. Frozen specimens fixed by standard histologic methods were analyzed with the ER-ICA kit using rat monoclonal antibody for ER (Abbott), or the mouse monoclonal antibody against rabbit uterine PR. One section from each case was scored, counting all terminal duct lobular units (TDLU), and accounting for staining intensity, percentage of positive TDLUs, and staining pattern. Most of the sections showed mixed positive and negative areas, sometimes a sporadic pattern, and less often a ring pattern. 38% head positive ER, and 72% were positive for PR. ER scores ranged from 0-513 (median 0), and PR scores from 0-600 (median 186). ER appeared in 47% of cycling women, significantly more often on days 1-13, while there were more low and moderate scores but fewer negatives on days 14-28. 70% of cycling women and 70% of pill users had PR. 26% of the oral contraceptive users were positive for ER, with scores ranging from 9-417, significantly lower than those seen in the natural cycle. There were no significant variations in ER throughout the cycle; PR scores were significantly higher on days 14-28 of the oral contraceptive cycle. There were no effects of age, breast age, or parity on ER or PR. Among parous women, however, ER and PR were detected much less frequently in women naturally cycling and 5 years postpartum. In multivariate analysis, controlling for cycle phase, oral contraceptives significantly lowered frequency of staining, and time postpartum also lowered ER and PR staining significantly. In the discussion it was noted that the decline in ER in the 2nd half of the cycle in breast parallels that in endometrium, but PR rise in breast is in contrast to falling in endometrium in the later half of the natural or pill cycle. These data show a blunted response in numbers of steroid receptors after pregnancy, as has been reported in other indicators of breast proliferation.

journal_name

Br J Cancer

journal_title

British journal of cancer

authors

Battersby S,Robertson BJ,Anderson TJ,King RJ,McPherson K

doi

10.1038/bjc.1992.122

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1992-04-01 00:00:00

pages

601-7

issue

eissn

0007-0920

issn

1532-1827

journal_volume

pub_type

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Influence of menstrual cycle, parity and oral contraceptive use on steroid hormone receptors in normal breast.