Abstract：
:Plant photosynthesis performs the remarkable feat of converting light energy into usable chemical forms, which involves taming highly reactive intermediates without harming plant cells. This requires an apparatus that is not only efficient and robust but also flexible in its responses to changing environmental conditions. It also requires that the output of the energy-storing reactions be matched with the demands of metabolism. This article addresses the mechanisms by which this flexibility is achieved for short-term environmental changes. We argue that chloroplasts need two types of flexible mechanisms: one for modulating the output ratio of ATP:NADPH, which involves cyclic electron flux around photosystem I; and another for changing the regulatory sensitivity of the light-harvesting antenna to electron (and proton) flow.
journal_name
Trends Plant Scijournal_title
Trends in plant scienceauthors
Kramer DM,Avenson TJ,Edwards GEdoi
10.1016/j.tplants.2004.05.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-07-01 00:00:00pages
349-57issue
7eissn
1360-1385issn
1878-4372pii
S1360-1385(04)00128-1journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Oxygenic photosynthesis by algae and plants supports much of life on Earth. Several model organisms are used to study this vital process, but the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii offers significant advantages for the genetic dissection of photosynthesis. Recent experiments with Chlamydomonas have subst...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1360-1385(01)02018-0
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current agricultural practice depends on a wide use of pesticides, bactericides, and fungicides. Increased demand for organic products indicates consumer preference for reduced chemical use. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel sustainable strategies for crop protection and enhancement that do not rely on genet...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2015.01.004
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Micronutrient deficiencies are responsible for so-called 'hidden undernutrition'. In particular, iron (Fe) deficiency adversely affects growth, immune function and can cause anaemia. However, supplementation of iron can exacerbate infectious diseases and current policies of iron therapy carefully evaluate the risks an...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2011.10.003
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The phytochrome family of photoreceptors (there are five phytochromes in Arabidopsis, named phyA to phyE) maximally absorbs red and far-red light and plays important functions throughout the life cycle of plants. Several recent studies have shown that multiple related bHLH (basic helix-loop-helix) class transcription ...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2004.12.005
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Green algae are the only known eukaryotes with both oxygenic photosynthesis and a hydrogen metabolism. Recent physiological and genetic discoveries indicate a close connection between these metabolic pathways. The anaerobically inducible hydA genes of algae encode a special type of highly active [Fe]-hydrogenase. Elec...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1360-1385(02)02274-4
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Like communities of people, communities of cells must continuously communicate to thrive. Polypeptide signaling molecules that act as mobile ligands are widely used by eukaryotic organisms to transmit information between cells to coordinate developmental processes and responses to environmental cues. In plants, the CL...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2020.04.014
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dimensionless numbers are ubiquitous in the physical sciences because they provide insight into physical processes, organize large quantities of data, facilitate 'scale analysis' and establish 'similarity'. Here I explore the use of dimensionless numbers in plant biology, focusing on the expansive growth rate of plant...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2017.09.020
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolism depends on inorganic phosphate (P(i)) as reactant, allosteric effector and regulatory moiety in covalent protein modification. To cope with P(i) shortage (a common situation in many ecosystems), plants activate a set of adaptive responses to enhance P(i) recycling and acquisition by reprogramming metabolism...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2004.09.003
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroProteins (miPs) are short, usually single-domain proteins that, in analogy to miRNAs, heterodimerize with their targets and exert a dominant-negative effect. Recent bioinformatic attempts to identify miPs have resulted in a list of potential miPs, many of which lack the defining characteristics of a miP. In this ...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2015.05.011
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Petunia flower colour is dependent on vacuolar pH and is therefore used to study acidification mechanisms. Recently, it was shown that the concerted action of two tonoplast-localised P3-ATPases is required to hyperacidify vacuoles of petunia petal epidermis cells. Here we discuss how steep cross-tonoplast pH gradients...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2014.03.008
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In plants, carotenoid accumulation and sequestration take place within chloroplasts and chromoplasts. In the chloroplast, practically all carotenoids are associated with chlorophyll-binding proteins, whereas chromoplasts have developed a unique mechanism to sequester carotenoids within specific lipoprotein structures....
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s1360-1385(99)01414-4
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonize the root systems of most land plants and modulate plant growth by enhancing the availability of nutrients, mainly phosphorus, for plant nutrition. Recently identified genes encoding mycorrhiza-specific plant phosphate transporters have enabled fundamental problems in arbuscular my...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2004.12.003
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many agronomically important traits are governed by several genes known as quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The identification of important, QTL-controlled agricultural traits has been difficult because of their complex inheritance; however, completion of the rice genomic sequence has facilitated the cloning of QTLs an...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2006.05.008
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Being continuously exposed to variable environmental conditions, plants produce phytohormones to react quickly and specifically to these changes. The phytohormone ethylene is produced in response to multiple stresses. While the role of ethylene in defense responses to pathogens is widely recognized, recent studies in ...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2018.01.003
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutator (Mu) element insertion has become the main way of mutating and cloning maize genes, but we are only beginning to understand how this transposon system is regulated. Mu elements are under tight developmental control and are subject to a form of epigenetic regulation that shares some features with the regulation...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1360-1385(02)02347-6
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In both plants and animals, defense against pathogens relies on a complex surveillance system for signs of danger. Danger signals may originate from the infectious agent or from the host itself. Immunogenic plant host factors can be roughly divided into two categories: molecules which are passively released upon cell ...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2017.07.005
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plants have evolved a large number of cell surface-resident receptor-like kinases (RLKs) and receptor-like proteins (RLPs), many of which are implicated in sensing extrinsic and intrinsic signals, and govern diverse cellular responses. The signaling pathways mediated by RLKs and RLPs converge at a small group of RLKs,...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2016.08.014
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Silicon accumulation is a key defence against herbivorous pests, but may have wider detrimental impacts if plants become unpalatable for livestock. We argue that some herbivores are better adapted to silicon-rich diets than others; herbivore anatomy and physiology, and the nature of silicon deposition, are crucial to ...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2020.10.005
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of biofortification is to develop plants that have an increased content of bioavailable nutrients in their edible parts. Cereals serve as the main staple food for a large proportion of the world population but have the shortcoming, from a nutrition perspective, of being low in zinc and other essential nutrien...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2008.06.005
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The amount of sequence data available to reconstruct the evolutionary history of genes and species has increased 20-fold in the past decade. Consequently the size of phylogenetic analyses has grown as well, and phylogenetic methods, algorithms and their implementations have struggled to keep pace. Computational and ot...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S1360-1385(03)00165-1
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloroplast genomes defied the laws of Mendelian inheritance at the dawn of plant genetics, and continue to defy the mainstream approach to biotechnology, leading the field in an environmentally friendly direction. Recent success in engineering the chloroplast genome for resistance to herbicides, insects, disease and ...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1360-1385(01)02193-8
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloroplasts and mitochondria are traditionally considered to be autonomous organelles but they are not as independent as they were once thought to be. Mitochondrial metabolism, particularly the bioenergetic reactions of oxidative electron transport and phosphorylation, continue to be active in the light and are essen...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2003.09.015
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Through multifaceted genome-scale research involving phylogenomics, targeted gene surveys, and gene expression analyses in diverse basal lineages of angiosperms, our studies provide insights into the most recent common ancestor of all extant flowering plants. MADS-box gene duplications have played an important role in...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2007.06.012
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The infection and replication of viruses in the host induce diverse mechanisms for combating viral infection. One of the best-studied antiviral defence mechanisms is based on RNA silencing. Consistently, several viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) have been identified from almost all plant virus genera, which ar...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2011.02.010
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) proteins, also known as SHAGGY-like kinases, have many important cell signalling roles in animals, fungi and amoebae. In particular, GSK3s participate in key developmental signalling pathways and also regulate the cytoskeleton. GSK3-encoding genes are also present in all land plants a...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2011.10.002
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In plants, mitochondrial function is associated with hundreds of metabolic reactions. To facilitate these reactions, charged substrates and cofactors move across the charge-impermeable inner mitochondrial membrane via specialized transporters and must work cooperatively with the electrochemical gradient which is essen...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2016.04.003
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent years have witnessed the genomic decoding of a wide range of photosynthetic organisms from the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the complex genomes of important crop species to single-celled marine phytoplankton. The comparative sequencing of green, red and brown algae has provided considerable insight into...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2012.02.005
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The commercial release of third-generation sequencing technologies (TGSTs), giving long and ultra-long sequencing reads, has stimulated the development of new tools for assembling highly contiguous genome sequences with unprecedented accuracy across complex repeat regions. We survey here a wide range of emerging seque...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2019.05.003
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The plastid originated 1.5 billion years ago through a primary endosymbiosis involving a heterotrophic eukaryote and an ancient cyanobacterium. Phylogenetic and biochemical evidence suggests that the incipient endosymbiont interacted with an obligate intracellular chlamydial pathogen that housed it in an inclusion. Th...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2016.12.007
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural genetic variation within plant species is at the core of plant science ranging from agriculture to evolution. Whereas much progress has been made in mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling this natural variation, the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms has remained a bottleneck. Recen...
journal_title：Trends in plant science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.tplants.2007.11.008
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
