Oral capture and grasping of an artificial nipple by rat fetuses.

Abstract:

:Although born blind and deaf, newborn rats exhibit a remarkable capacity to recognize and gain access to the nipples of the lactating mother. However, it is well-known that full-term rat neonates will not attach to an artificial nipple. In the present study, an artificial nipple fashioned from soft vinyl was presented to rat fetuses from E17-E21 of gestation. Fetuses showed side-to-side head movements that resulted in oral capture of the nipple on E18 and exhibited a direct nipple-grasping response from E19 through term. Frame-by-frame analysis of videotape records of E21 rat fetuses revealed that tactile contact with the artificial nipple elicited mouthing, licking directed at the nipple, forelimb treadling, and grasping of the nipple. Fetuses also exhibited components of aversive behavior, including facial wiping and head turning, that appeared to terminate oral contact with the nipple. Morphine pretreatment reduced the expression of aversive responses and promoted licking and grasping of the artificial nipple. In addition to documenting the prenatal ontogeny of this important neonatal behavior, these findings imply a role for endogenous opioids in the newborn rat's first suckling episode.

journal_name

Dev Psychobiol

authors

Robinson SR,Hoeltzel TC,Cooke KM,Umphress SM,Smotherman WP,Murrish DE

doi

10.1002/dev.420250802

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1992-12-01 00:00:00

pages

543-55

issue

8

eissn

0012-1630

issn

1098-2302

journal_volume

25

pub_type

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