Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Language disorder associated with schizophrenia might be due to disturbances in both automatic activation and mechanisms of controlled attention. The contribution of each process to semantic memory dysfunction has not been determined for schizophrenia, and the semantic priming paradigm is well-suited for addressing this question. In the present report, event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited under conditions assumed to reveal automatic activation (short prime-target interval and low proportion of related words) are compared directly with ERPs elicited under conditions associated with controlled processing (long prime-target interval and high proportion of related words). METHODS:Visual ERPs were recorded during a lexical decision task, in which semantic relationship (associated and unassociated words), expectancy (relatedness proportions), and prime-target interval (250- and 850-msec inter-stimulus intervals [ISIs]) were varied. Diagnosis and expectancy were between-subjects factors; semantic relationship and ISI were repeated measures. The N400 priming effect (enhanced negativity to unassociated words) was compared between 34 male normal control subjects tested once and 37 male schizophrenia inpatients evaluated during their participation in a double-blind haloperidol maintenance therapy and placebo replacement protocol. RESULTS:The N400 priming effect for patients was significantly reduced during both pharmacologic phases, compared with controls. During haloperidol treatment, however, patients showed a significant N400 priming effect over the anterior scalp region and additionally under the automatic activation condition. The N400 priming effect was enhanced under the controlled processing condition for control subjects; this effect was not observed for patients. N400 amplitude elicited under the rapid presentation rate (250-msec ISI) differed between medicated patients and controls; groups did not differ for the 850-msec ISI. CONCLUSIONS:Findings suggest that automatic activation and mechanisms of controlled attention are both disrupted during semantic memory access for schizophrenia patients. Pharmacologic agents, such as haloperidol, might enhance automatic activation of the semantic network in this patient population, as indexed by the N400 component of the ERP.
journal_name
Biol Psychiatryjournal_title
Biological psychiatryauthors
Condray R,Siegle GJ,Cohen JD,van Kammen DP,Steinhauer SRdoi
10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00699-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-12-01 00:00:00pages
1134-48issue
11eissn
0006-3223issn
1873-2402pii
S0006322303006991journal_volume
54pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract::Recent work from our laboratory demonstrated that quantitative electroencephalographic (EEG) coherence between brain areas linked by long cortico-cortical fibers (termed "fascicle" coherence) was differentially reduced in subjects with Alzheimer's disease, whereas coherence between brain areas linked by short cortico-...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(94)90023-x
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The DBH gene regulates plasma dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity (pDbetaH). Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), -1021C-->T (rs1611115; SNP1) and +1603C-->T (rs6271; SNP3), independently influence pDbetaH. Another SNP, commonly known as DBH Taq1A (rs2519152; SNP2) is associated with attention-deficit/...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.02.017
更新日期:2006-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroendocrine functions in depressed patients with major affective disorders were serially investigated by the Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST), the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test, and the plasma TRH-like immunoreactivity (TRH-LI) measurement. Prior to antidepressant therapy, the sensitivity...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(87)90184-3
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective treatment for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) that do not respond to conventional therapies. Although the precise mechanism of action of DBS remains unknown, modulation of activity in corticofugal fibers originating in the prefrontal cortex is th...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.05.011
更新日期:2018-12-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early emerging characteristics of visual orienting have been associated with a wide range of typical and atypical developmental outcomes. In the current study, we examined the development of visual disengagement in infants at risk for autism. METHODS:We measured the efficiency of disengaging from a central ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.11.030
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been proposed that the nailfold subpapillary plexus visibility score (PVS) may be a marker of susceptibility to schizophrenia. To further investigate this hypothesis, we evaluated plexus visibility in a sample of 61 chronic schizophrenics, a large sample of first-episode psychotic patients and their first-degre...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90231-n
更新日期:1992-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Limited successes of gene finding for major depressive disorder (MDD) may be partly due to phenotypic heterogeneity. We tested whether the genetic load for MDD, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia (SCZ) is increased in phenotypically more homogenous MDD patients identified by specific clinical characteristic...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.05.024
更新日期:2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Defatted breast milk from women with postpartum psychosis and from healthy lactating women was analyzed by high-resolution gel permeation chromatography as well as by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The gel permeation procedure allowed quantitative analysis of milk proteins (i...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(88)90080-7
更新日期:1988-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have reported elevated S100B serum levels in schizophrenia. Our study focused on its scavenger, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE). Given the benefits of sRAGE in metabolic and inflammatory diseases, we hypothesized a similar effect in schizophrenia. METHODS:S100B a...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.10.044
更新日期:2009-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have reported reductions in corpus callosum (CC) total area and CC regions in individuals with autism. However, studies have differed concerning the magnitude and/or region contributing to CC reductions. The present study determined the significance and magni...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.07.022
更新日期:2009-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and somatostatin (SRIF) were measured in 77 female inpatients with moderate to extreme dementia and in 17 elderly female controls. Both multi-infarct (MID) and Alzheimer-type (SDAT) demented patients had eq...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90132-j
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychiatric and neurologic disorders ranging from mental retardation to addiction are accompanied by structural and functional alterations of synaptic connections in the brain. Such alterations include abnormal density and morphology of dendritic spines, synapse loss, and aberrant synaptic signaling and plasticity. Re...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.10.006
更新日期:2004-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigates whether response to total sleep deprivation in depressed patients may be predicted by the presence of diurnal variation of mood. Diurnal variation was measured with two different self-rating scales in 140 untreated depressed patients. Sleep deprivation responders manifest a higher percentage of...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90050-a
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute ketamine has been shown to model features of schizophrenia such as psychotic symptoms, cognitive deficits and smooth pursuit eye movement dysfunction. There have been suggestions that chronic ketamine may also produce an analogue of the disorder. In this study, we investigated the effect of persistent ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.10.045
更新日期:2009-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are implicated in the pathophysiology of affective disorders. To determine whether the 4977-base-pair deletion in mtDNA is more frequent in affective disorders, we quantitated the concentration of this deletion in leukocyte mtDNA in 34 probands with affective disorders (20 bipola...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00377-0
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In four series of studies on schizophrenic patients and normals we found that all the schizophrenics eliminated N, N-dimethyltryptamines in their urine while none of the normals did so. Similarly, with early infantile autism (Studies I and II) and normal controls, this separation between patiens and normals still held...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The N400 component of event-related potentials (ERPs) was investigated in medicated schizophrenic patients and normal controls in a semantic categorization task. The subjects' task was to indicate whether pairs of words were semantically related or unrelated. The ERPs to the unrelated second words of the pairs contain...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(91)90269-r
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A variety of immunologic alterations have been observed in patients with schizophrenia. These findings have lent support to theories that autoimmune mechanisms may be important in some patients with the illness. The CD5+ B lymphocyte, a B-cell subset associated with autoimmune disease, has been the subject o...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00307-2
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a genetic multisystemic disease with muscular, endocrine, ocular, cardiac and cognitive impairment. The molecular basis of the disease has been identified in an unstable base triplet (CTG)n repeat located in the 3' untranslated region of the miotonin protein-kinase (MT-PK) gene on ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00016-5
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depersonalization and other behavioral and physiological indices were monitored before and after the administration of high- and low-potency marijuana cigarettes and a placebo cigarette in 35 physically and mentally healthy normal volunteers. The cigarettes were administered under double-blind conditions during three ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(93)90171-9
更新日期:1993-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The magnitude of the startle eyeblink response is reduced if the startle eliciting stimulus is shortly preceded by another stimulus. There is evidence that schizophrenia patients exhibit impairments in this so-called prepulse inhibition. Our study investigated whether prepulse inhibition is affected by neuro...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00229-2
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a negative-going event-related potential (ERP) component that occurs in response to intermittent changes in constant auditory backgrounds. A consistent finding across a large number of studies has been impaired MMN generation in schizophrenia, which has been interpreted as eviden...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.03.019
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several lines of evidence suggest that dopamine might be involved in anxiety states. In this study, we assessed the growth hormone (GH) response to apomorphine (a dopaminergic agonist) 0.5 mg SC in nine drug-free inpatients meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for panic disorder who were age-matched and gender-m...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90061-4
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal models of mental illness provide a foundation for evaluating hypotheses for the mechanistic causes of mental illness. Neurophysiological investigations of neural network activity in rodent models of mental dysfunction are reviewed from the conceptual framework of the discoordination hypothesis, which asserts th...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.03.013
更新日期:2015-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene polymorphisms are associated with various pharmacologic activities. This study investigated whether polymorphisms of 48-bp tandem repeats in the exon 3 of the DRD4 gene are related to neuroleptic response. METHODS:The neuroleptic response at the acute stage of schizophrenia ...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(98)00134-6
更新日期:1998-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Frequent electroencephalographic arousals or awakenings associated with periodic leg movements (PLM) might be responsible in part for the complaints of sleep disturbances made by patients treated with antidepressants. Past studies, however, have determined the effects of only certain limited antidepressants,...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.04.022
更新日期:2005-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several studies have found that alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) can effectively treat tardive dyskinesia (TD). A limitation of these trials is their short treatment durations (maximum of 12 weeks), which do not allow us to address the effects of long-term treatment. METHODS:To participate, patients had to have...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00027-9
更新日期:1998-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abnormal sensory gating in schizophrenia has frequently been reported; however, only limited data on unmedicated patients and patients at risk to develop a psychosis have, as yet, been available. METHODS:P50 and N100 suppression were assessed with an auditory double-click paradigm in five groups: 18 at-risk...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.02.006
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep homeostasis and circadian function are important maintaining factors for optimal health and well-being. Conversely, sleep and circadian disruptions are implicated in a variety of adverse health outcomes, including substance use disorders. These risks are particularly salient during adolescence. Adolescents requi...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.11.035
更新日期:2018-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The single most important risk factor for Alzheimer's pathology is age. Elderly individuals are also at increased risk for suicide, but comprehensive studies of the association between Alzheimer's pathology and suicide are lacking. We designed the current study to determine if Alzheimer's disease changes are...
journal_title:Biological psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(00)00952-5
更新日期:2001-01-15 00:00:00