Abstract:
:The genetic relationships between various serotypes and serogroups of meningococcal strains were investigated by restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using a number of random DNA probes and a probe containing a truncated copy of the meningococcal insertion sequence IS1106. The data were used to estimate genetic distance between all pairs of strains and to construct phylogenetic trees for meningococcal strains. B15:P1.16R strains isolated from cases of systemic meningococcal disease in two health districts with a high incidence of disease were clonal in contrast to similar strains from cases occurring in other parts of the UK. Strains from these areas, which contain a similar genomic deletion, were found to be derived from two distinct lineages within the B15:P1.16R phylogenetic group. RFLP data demonstrated that present serological typing systems for the meningococcus do not necessarily reflect true genetic relationships.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Ni H,Knight AI,Cartwright KA,McFadden JJdoi
10.1017/s0950268800050184subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-10-01 00:00:00pages
227-39issue
2eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409journal_volume
109pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Deterministic models were employed to investigate the biology of Trypanosoma evansi infection in the Indonesian buffalo. Models were fitted to two age-structured data sets of infection. The Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) model was the best supported description of this infection, although the results of the an...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of temperature on reported cases of a number of foodborne illnesses in England and Wales were investigated. We also explored whether the impact of temperature had changed over time. Food poisoning, campylobacteriosis, salmonellosis, Salmonella Typhimurium infections and Salmonella Enteritidis infections we...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002477
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abstract::Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) are reportable diseases, the third most common causes for hospitalization of children in Thailand. Data collected from the Ministry of Public Health were analysed for trends. Rates of DHF increased in Thailand until 1987 when the largest epidemic ever, 32...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268898001617
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268819001614
更新日期:2019-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::The effectiveness of influenza vaccination in preventing serious illness and death was determined in an elderly population during the influenza epidemic of was determined in an elderly population during the influenza epidemic of was determined in an elderly population during the influenza epidemic of 1989-90. A retros...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880005874x
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the first recorded outbreak of cholera in Namibia. From December 2006 to February 2007, more than 250 cases of cholera were reported from the Omusati and Kunene provinces of Namibia. However, only nine bacterial isolates were obtainable for analysis. Isolates were all identified as Vibrio cholerae O1 sero...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/S0950268807009685
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mode of spread of Helicobacter pylori infection is subject to ongoing debate. Recent studies among patients with gastrointestinal disorders suggest a potential role of conjugal transmission. In this study, the clustering of H. pylori infection was assessed among 110 employees of a health insurance company and thei...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/s0950268898001964
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective cohort study was conducted to quantitate the relationship between neutropenia and rates of clinical bacteraemia among adults with HIV infection receiving medical care at one institution between 1991-5. The primary exposure, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), was summarized as mean ANC within a given week...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026889700842x
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated whether straight-line distance from residential compounds to healthcare facilities influenced mortality, the incidence of pneumonia and vaccine efficacy against pneumonia in rural Gambia. Clinical surveillance for pneumonia was conducted on 6938 children living in the catchment areas of the two largest...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/S0950268814000314
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plague is a re-emerging disease endemic in at least 24 countries. Non-endemic countries should be able to confirm plague to prevent outbreaks due to imported cases. We established a combination of a IgG/IgM screening ELISA and a confirmation immunoblot employing F1 capsular antigen (CA) for the serodiagnosis of plague...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/s0950268800004647
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a paucity of information on the risk from potable water in non-passenger merchant vessels (NPMVs) particularly with regard to Legionella and other bacteria. This retrospective study examined water samples from 550 NPMVs docked in eight UK ports. A total of 1027 samples from 412 NPMVs were examined for total a...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816002715
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied 7 patients with nosocomial Legionnaires' disease to determine the relationship between isolates of Legionella pneumophila recovered from potable water and those recovered from patients. Potable water was cultured from all rooms in which patients had stayed prior to the diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease. Th...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057939
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among non-European Union (non-EU) immigrants in North-East Italy was evaluated. Among the 1683 individuals tested the prevalence of HBsAg was 8.9% (150 subjects) and of HBV antibodies (anti-HBc with/without anti-HBs) was 38.9% (654 subjects). ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268898001034
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To estimate the incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following Campylobacter jejuni infection (CI) we studied three populations where outbreaks of CI had occurred involving an estimated 8000 cases. No case of GBS was detected in the 6 months following the outbreaks in the local populations. The point estimate fo...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268898001861
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consumption of poultry meat is considered as one of the main sources of human campylobacteriosis, and there is clearly a need for new surveillance and control measures based on quantitative data on Campylobacter spp. colonization dynamics in broiler chickens. We conducted four experimental infection trials, using four...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/S0950268814003239
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268801005945
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injecting drug users (IDUs) account for most new HCV infections. The objectives of this study were: to estimate the force of infection for hepatitis C virus in IDUs within the interval-censoring framework and to determine the impact of risk factors such as frequency of injection, drug injected, sharing of syringes and...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/S0950268811001750
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abstract::We compared gastroenteritis cases that consulted a general practitioner (GP) with those who did not in a community-based study and also with those in a GP-based study. We aimed to identify factors associated with consultation, and with inclusion of cases by GPs, and secondly to study the effects on the frequency of de...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/s0950268801006082
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humoral and cell-mediated immunity (CMI) against B. pertussis was assessed in a sample of adolescent, adult and senior subjects distributed in five different geographical areas in Italy. Most (99.1%) subjects had IgG anti-pertussis toxin (PT) antibodies exceeding the minimum detection level [> or = 2 ELISA units (EU)/...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We prospectively studied diarrhoea incidence among 1655 children < 5 years of age in northern Vietnam for 1 year using primarily passive surveillance. Standard culture methods were used to detect bacterial pathogens. Overall 2160 cases occurred (13 cases/child per year). Peak rates of diarrhoea occurred in children < ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/s0950268801005933
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::SUMMARY Wild canids are potential hosts for numerous species of Bartonella, yet little research has been done to quantify their infection rates in South America. We sought to investigate Bartonella seroprevalence in captive wild canids from 19 zoos in São Paulo and Mato Grosso states, Brazil. Blood samples were collec...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/S0950268814001277
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2013, an unusual increase of paratyphoid fever cases in travellers returning from Cambodia was reported in Japan. From December 2012 to September 2013, 18 cases of Salmonella Paratyphi A infection were identified. Microbiological analyses revealed that most isolates had the same clonal identity, although the epidem...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815001648
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Filariasis is one of the major public health concerns in India. Approximately 600 million people spread across 250 districts of India are at risk of filariasis. To predict this disease, a pilot scale study was carried out in 30 villages of Karimnagar district of Telangana from 2004 to 2007 to collect epidemiological a...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/S0950268819001481
更新日期:2019-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically important, acute or sub-acute, viral disease of cattle that occurs across Africa and in the Middle East. The aim of this study was to investigate if lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) can be transmitted mechanically by African brown ear ticks (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neum....
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268812000805
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of the methylene blue test for the examination of cows milk was investigated in an inter-laboratory survey. A poor relationship was found between results of these tests and total viable counts. Coliforms were detected in a large number of pasteurized milks, indicating frequent post-pasteurization contamination...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/s0950268800067121
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was compared with seroagglutination for subtyping of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteria. Seventy-five significant MAC isolates from patients with AIDS were typed by both methods and 36 isolates, judged to be clinically non-significant, were examined by TLC only. Overall, 75% of ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/s0950268800051244
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both case-ascertained household studies, in which households are recruited after an 'index case' is identified, and household cohort studies, where a household is enrolled before the start of the epidemic, may be used to test and estimate the protective effect of interventions used to prevent influenza transmission. A...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a study of three high-risk occupational groups using Rose Bengal and complement fixation tests, the highest prevalence (7.1%) was found among dairy farm workers and owners in randomly selected dairy-cattle farms, followed by veterinary personnel (4.5%) and inhabitants in pastoralist areas (3.0%). There was no evide...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted during the 2008-2009 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) season in France to compare hospitalization rates for bronchiolitis (RSV-confirmed and all types) between very preterm infants (<33 weeks' gestational age, WGA) without bronchopulmonary dysplasia and full-term infants (39-41 WGA) matched f...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclospora cayetanensis is an emerging infectious agent. The aim of this study was to describe an outbreak that occurred in 250 adults exposed to contaminated food, focusing on the duration and relapses of symptoms, complications and evidence of local transmission. This outbreak affected workers who ate in a restauran...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
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doi:10.1017/S095026881100121X
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00