Abstract:
:Both case-ascertained household studies, in which households are recruited after an 'index case' is identified, and household cohort studies, where a household is enrolled before the start of the epidemic, may be used to test and estimate the protective effect of interventions used to prevent influenza transmission. A simulation approach parameterized with empirical data from household studies was used to evaluate and compare the statistical power of four study designs: a cohort study with routine virological testing of household contacts of infected index case, a cohort study where only household contacts with acute respiratory illness (ARI) are sampled for virological testing, a case-ascertained study with routine virological testing of household contacts, and a case-ascertained study where only household contacts with ARI are sampled for virological testing. We found that a case-ascertained study with ARI-triggered testing would be the most powerful design while a cohort design only testing household contacts with ARI was the least powerful. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that these conclusions varied by model parameters including the serial interval and the risk of influenza virus infection from outside the household.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Klick B,Nishiura H,Leung GM,Cowling BJdoi
10.1017/S0950268813001623subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-04-01 00:00:00pages
744-52issue
4eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409pii
S0950268813001623journal_volume
142pub_type
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