Abstract:
:The status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among non-European Union (non-EU) immigrants in North-East Italy was evaluated. Among the 1683 individuals tested the prevalence of HBsAg was 8.9% (150 subjects) and of HBV antibodies (anti-HBc with/without anti-HBs) was 38.9% (654 subjects). The distribution of HBV serological markers showed significant differences according to region of origin; the highest prevalence of infection (76.9%) and carriage (16.1%) was found in immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa. Among the 933 individuals screened for HCV infection, prevalence of antibody was much lower (0.9%) than that observed in the Italian general population (3.2-12.6%). The large number of HBV carriers among immigrants could increase the number of new adult infections due to life-style habits or professional risks in the host population. In contrast, the risk of HCV spread from non-EU immigrants is very low.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Chiaramonte M,Pupo A,Menegon T,Baldo V,Malatesta R,Trivello Rdoi
10.1017/s0950268898001034subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-08-01 00:00:00pages
179-83issue
1eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409journal_volume
121pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A case-control study was undertaken in an acute district general hospital to identify risk factors for hospital-acquired bacteraemia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Cases of hospital-acquired MRSA bacteraemia were defined as consecutive patients from whom MRSA was isolated from a blood sa...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S0950268806006327
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2016, we reviewed preventive control measures for secondary transmission of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in humans in European Union (EU)/European Free Trade Association (EEA) countries to inform the revision of the respective Norwegian guidelines which at that time did not accommodate for the vary...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268819001614
更新日期:2019-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a cattle respiratory disease that represents one of the major threats to cattle health and production in sub-Saharan Africa. The transmission contact rate of CBPP plays a key role in the spreading dynamics of the disease. We have developed an approach based on the combinatio...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804003498
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mathematical modelling is an important tool for understanding the dynamics of the spread of infectious diseases, which could be the result of a natural outbreak or of the intentional release of pathogenic biological agents. Decision makers and policymakers responsible for strategies to contain disease, prevent epidemi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002939
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Francisella tularensis was identified as the cause of a die-off which occurred among a colony of semi-free-living common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). During the outbreak 5 out of 62 animals died of tularaemia in a research facility located in the district of Goettingen, Germany. All animals had been born at the fac...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807008035
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inhibitory influence of cyanuric acid on the virucidal effect of chlorine was studied. The time required for 99.9% inactivation of ten enteroviruses and two adenoviruses by 0.5 mg/l free available chlorine at pH 7.0 and 25 degrees C was prolonged approximately 4.8-28.8 times by the addition of 30 mg/l cyanuric aci...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800029502
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surgical site infections (SSI) are a significant cause of post-surgical morbidity and mortality. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of SSI and identify risk factors for infections following cesarean section (CS). A prospective study of SSI after CS was carried out from January 2014 to Decemb...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268819001675
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Phylogenetic analyses of bartonella have suggested divergence between bartonellae that infect mammals native to the Old and New Worlds. We characterized bartonella isolated from Eastern grey squirrels (Sciurius carolinensis) in the United States and from grey and red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in the United Kingdom ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268802007768
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The world is currently confronting the first influenza pandemic of the 21st century [caused by a novel pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus]. Earlier pandemics have been characterized by age distributions that are distinct from those observed with seasonal influenza epidemics, with higher attack rates (and correspondingl...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810000579
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of 2210 salmonella isolates referred to the New Zealand Communicable Disease Centre for epidemiological surveillance during 1987, 147 (6.7%) were resistant to one or more of 10 antibiotics. Resistance to streptomycin was most common (4.5%), followed by sulphamethoxazole (3.4%), tetracycline (3.3%), ampicillin (1.5%), ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800056405
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, Shigella sonnei has dominated other Shigella species infection in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Montréal. In early 2010, Toronto reported increased proportions of the more pathogenic S. flexneri, HIV co-infection and MSM in shigellosis cases since 2009. Analytical methods were used to assess whether...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268812000738
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This descriptive study investigated an outbreak of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection among injecting drug users (IDUs) and their contacts. Twenty-seven cases of acute HAV infection were identified in a 5-month period. Connections with the local injecting drug using (IDU) population were established for 25 of the cases...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268801006185
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 2007 to 2010, the largest reported Q-fever epidemic occurred in the Netherlands with 4026 notified laboratory-confirmed cases. During the course of the epidemic, health-seeking behaviour changed and awareness among health professionals increased. Changes in laboratory workflows were implemented. The aim of this s...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268819000736
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper is the first to describe characterization of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against a South African Territories 2 (SAT 2) foot-and-mouth disease virus (isolate Rho 1/48). Twelve MAbs which neutralized homologous virus were characterized in indirect and sandwich ELISA using purified Rho 1/48 virus particles, s...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057083
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cattle are considered to be a reservoir host of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and contaminated foods of bovine origin are important vehicles of human infection. In this study, the susceptibility of calves to experimental E. coli O157:H7 infection following low oral exposures was determined. Two of 17 calves exposed to very...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s095026880100615x
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injecting drug users (IDUs) account for most new HCV infections. The objectives of this study were: to estimate the force of infection for hepatitis C virus in IDUs within the interval-censoring framework and to determine the impact of risk factors such as frequency of injection, drug injected, sharing of syringes and...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811001750
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eradication of poliomyelitis most likely will occur. In fact, it is almost gone from the Western Hemisphere. Health workers in Sweden, Finland, and the Netherlands routinely vaccinate almost all children with the inactivated poliovaccines (IPV). Despite good vaccination coverage, polio can still occur. For example...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0950268800049451
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the dengue surveillance program, we prospectively collected data on all the suspected and confirmed cases of dengue in Barbados from 2006 to 2015. Data were analysed for demographic, seasonal and temporal dynamics of this disease in this country. The overall mean annual incidence rate of suspected and confirmed ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818000900
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consumption of poultry meat is considered as one of the main sources of human campylobacteriosis, and there is clearly a need for new surveillance and control measures based on quantitative data on Campylobacter spp. colonization dynamics in broiler chickens. We conducted four experimental infection trials, using four...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268814003239
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionnaires' disease (LD) is a major cause of severe community-acquired pneumonia but the source and mode of transmission are not always apparent, especially in sporadic cases. We hypothesized that LD can be acquired from the air-conditioning systems of motor cars. Swabs were taken from the evaporator compartments of...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002568
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral hepatitis is recognized as one of the most frequently reported diseases, and especially in China, acute and chronic liver disease due to viral hepatitis has been a major public health problem. The present study aimed to analyse and predict surveillance data of infections of hepatitis A, B, C and E in Wuhan, Chin...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881200146X
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 1996 to 2004, the incidence of Salmonella Javiana infections increased in FoodNet, the U.S. national active foodborne disease surveillance programme. Contact with amphibians and consumption of tomatoes have been associated with outbreaks of S. Javiana infection. To generate and test hypotheses about risk factors ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809990586
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two groups of pigs were infected with a recent Italian isolate of swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV). Blood, nasal swabs and faeces were collected for up to 6 months after exposure to infection and animals were killed at regular intervals to obtain tissues post-mortem. These samples were examined for virus by conven...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268898001332
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In August 2015 a gastroenteritis outbreak occurred following a wedding. An outbreak investigation was undertaken and a cohort study was conducted using an online survey. Of 140 guests, 134 received the survey and 113 responded (84·3% response rate). Seventy respondents met the case definition of vomiting and/or diarrh...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816003368
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the frequency of Campylobacter as the principal cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the UK, outbreaks attributed to this pathogen are rare. One hundred and fourteen general foodborne outbreaks of campylobacteriosis were reported to the Health Protection Agency from 1992 to 2009 with most occurring in food se...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810001974
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the burden of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in a high-risk population, the monthly incidence of laboratory-confirmed MRSA in service members/trainees stationed at Fort Benning, Georgia, USA without hospitalization or surgery documented 30 days prior to infection w...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810000142
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three sources of data (general practice episode data from the Weekly Returns Service of the Royal College of General Practitioners, national hospital admission data for England and national mortality data by date of death) were examined separately in each winter (1994/1995 to 1999/2000) to investigate the impact of in...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268804003231
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serological tests are very frequently used in epidemiological surveys of leishmaniasis and other parasitoses. Their sensitivity and specificity are generally defined with respect to parasitism and disease, rather than infection. The reason is that known positives are those individuals most likely to yield parasites, o...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051074
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic Vibrio species are naturally-occurring bacteria in freshwater and saline aquatic environments. Counts of free-living bacteria in water are generally less than required to induce disease. Increases in number of organisms towards an infective dose can occur as water temperatures rise seasonally followed by gr...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/s0950268800030326
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe an outbreak of simultaneous Clostridium difficile and norovirus infections in a long-term-care facility. Thirty patients experienced acute gastroenteritis, and four had co-infection with identical C. difficile 027 and genotype II.4 New Orleans norovirus strains. Co-occurring infection requires improved und...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268813000241
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00