Anxiety and alcohol abuse disorders: a common role for CREB and its target, the neuropeptide Y gene.

abstract：:The phospholipase A2 enzymes are important components of the cellular machinery that responds to inflammatory stimuli and maintains cell homeostasis by membrane remodelling. Their role as the rate-limiting step in the production of pro-inflammatory lipid mediators makes these enzymes an important therapeutic target fo...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Glaser KB,Mobilio D,Chang JY,Senko N

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The therapeutic advantage of reducing the activity of interleukin 1 (IL-1) resides in preventing its deleterious biological effects without interfering with homeostasis. As such, methods attempting to block the production or activity of IL-1 have now entered clinical trials. For example, IL-1 induction of prostaglandi...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Dinarello CA

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For more than 30 years, WNT/β-catenin and planar cell polarity signaling has formed the basis for what we understand to be the primary output of the interaction between WNTs and their cognate receptors known as Frizzleds (FZDs). In the shadow of these pathways, evidence for the involvement of heterotrimeric G proteins...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Schulte G,Wright SC

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Daily rhythms in behavior, physiology, and metabolism are an integral part of homeostasis. These rhythms emerge from interactions between endogenous circadian clocks and ambient light-dark cycles, sleep-activity cycles, and eating-fasting cycles. Nearly the entire primate genome shows daily rhythms in expression in ti...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Sulli G,Manoogian ENC,Taub PR,Panda S

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally accepted that seven-transmembrane receptors have the capacity to regulate cellular signaling systems in the absence of occupancy by a ligand (i.e. the receptors display constitutive activity). Drugs can increase (agonists), decrease (inverse agonists) or not change (antagonists) receptor activity towar...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Berg KA,Harvey JA,Spampinato U,Clarke WP

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The characterization of P2 gamma purinoceptors on vascular endothelial cells has progressed rapidly since their existence was first demonstrated in 1983. They transduce the actions of extracellular ATP and ADP--endothelium-dependent relaxation, prostacyclin synthesis, endothelial cell mitogenesis--which play a vital r...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Boeynaems JM,Pearson JD

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An unlikely animal model is gaining popularity in neuropharmacological research: the 2-mm fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster). Drugs have been administered to adult flies in their food and, more recently, via gasses and injections. Pharmacological tools have introduced behavioral alterations in Drosophila reminiscent ...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Manev H,Dimitrijevic N,Dzitoyeva S

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants have been the predominant source of medicines throughout the vast majority of human history, and remain so today outside of industrialized societies. One of the most versatile in terms of its phytochemistry is cannabis, whose investigation has led directly to the discovery of a unique and widespread homeostatic...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Russo EB

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription factors comprise just over 7% of the human proteome and serve as gatekeepers of cellular function, integrating external signal information into gene expression programs that reconfigure cellular physiology at the most basic levels. Surface-initiated cell signaling pathways converge on transcription facto...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Filtz TM,Vogel WK,Leid M

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Due to its negative chronotropic and inotropic effects, adenosine has to date been considered as a cardiodepressant agent. However, adenosine increases ventricular automaticity. This review by Jesus Hernández and Alexandre Ribeiro discusses the experimental and clinical evidence for the excitatory effects of adenosine...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Hernández J,Ribeiro JA

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since conformational flexibility, which is required for the function of a protein, comes at the expense of structural stability, many proteins, including G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are under constant risk of misfolding and aggregation. In this regard GPR37 (also named PAEL-R and ETBR-LP-1) takes a prominent ...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Leinartaité L,Svenningsson P

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New classes of drugs modifying Ca2+ channel activity have become available, this may enlarge the clinical utilities that have been associated with established Ca2+ channel antagonists such as the dihydropyridines (for example, nifedipine). Two such classes are reviewed by Michael Spedding, Barry Kenny and Pierre Chate...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Spedding M,Kenny B,Chatelain P

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A family of peptides that shares a common C-terminal sequence (Phe-X-Gly-Leu-MetNH2) exists in mammalian and non-mammalian species. In mammals, three of these peptides (substance P, neurokinin A and neurokinin B) satisfy the criteria to be considered as neurotransmitters either in the central, peripheral or enteric ne...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Maggi CA

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A diet low in carbohydrates helps to reduce the amount of ingested calories and to maintain a healthy weight. With this in mind, food and beverage companies have reformulated a large number of their products, replacing sugar or high fructose corn syrup with several different types of zero-calorie sweeteners to decreas...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Servant G,Tachdjian C,Li X,Karanewsky DS

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable disease that arises from the progressive loss of motoneurons. Even when caused by a single gene defect, as in the case of mutations in the enzyme Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), ALS is the result of a complex cascade that involves crosstalk among motoneurons, glia...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Carrì MT,Grignaschi G,Bendotti C

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Controversy over the meaning of pharmacological parameters often arises because of a lack of appreciation of different hierarchical levels of analysis. In a recent letter in Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, Zhang and Kavana [1] concluded that my two-state model for allosterism lacks cooperativity, even though Figur...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Ehlert FJ

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are a family of immunomodulatory receptors whose functions are regulated by their glycan ligands. Siglecs are attractive therapeutic targets because of their cell type-specific expression pattern, endocytic properties, high expression on certain lymphomas/l...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Angata T,Nycholat CM,Macauley MS

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical implementation of two recently approved antisense RNA therapeutics - Exondys51® to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy (Duchenne MD) and Spinraza® as a treatment for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) - highlights the therapeutic potential of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs). As shown in the Duchenne and Becker cas...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Li D,Mastaglia FL,Fletcher S,Wilton SD

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) has been shown, using different techniques, to mobilize intracellular Ca2+ stores in invertebrate, lower vertebrate, plant and mammalian cells. This endogenous molecule might play an atypical role in Ca2+ signalling by coordinating the responses of other ...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Genazzani AA,Billington RA

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (siglecs) comprise a family of receptors that are differentially expressed on leukocytes and other immune cells. The restricted expression of several siglecs to one or a few cell types makes them attractive targets for cell-directed therapies. The anti-CD33 (also kno...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： O'Reilly MK,Paulson JC

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer initiates at one site (primary tumor) and, in most cases, spreads to other distant organs (metastasis). During the multistep process of metastasis, primary tumor cells acquire cellular and phenotypic plasticity to survive and thrive in different environments. Moreover, cancer cells also utilize and educate micr...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Zhuang X,Zhang H,Hu G

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Centrally acting drugs interfere with the function of central neurotransmitter systems. This often requires intact neuronal connections and is therefore best studied in vivo. Here, Gaetano Di Chiara describes the technique of brain dialysis, which permits direct in-vivo sampling of neurotransmitters and their metaboli...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Di Chiara G

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Receptors that are coupled to the production of inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate cause an increase in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration as a consequence of both Ca2+ mobilization from intracellular stores and Ca2+ influx through the plasma membrane. Although this latter phenomenon appears attributable to the activation ...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Fasolato C,Innocenti B,Pozzan T

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(2C) receptor has received considerable attention as a target for treating drug addiction. 5-HT(2C)-receptor agonism, however, also induces side-effects. In this article, we review recent findings regarding the involvement of 5-HT(2C) receptors in behaviours related to drug addiction in a...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Müller CP,Carey RJ

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Opioid receptors are expressed on peripheral sensory nerve endings, cutaneous cells, and immune cells; and local application of opioids is used for the treatment of inflammatory pain in arthritis, burns, skin grafts, and chronic wounds. However, peripherally active opioids can also directly modulate the inflammatory p...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Stein C,Küchler S

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease and is an important cause of chronic disability. Numerous important advances have been made in our understanding of the aetiopathogenesis, pathology and clinical phenomenology of this disease, and these have underpi...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Schapira AH

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The injectisome type three secretion system (T3SS) is a major virulence factor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium is responsible for severe infections in immunosuppressed or cystic fibrosis patients and has become resistant to many antibiotics. Inhibitors of T3SS may therefore constitute an innovative therapeut...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Anantharajah A,Mingeot-Leclercq MP,Van Bambeke F

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza A viral infections claim millions of lives worldwide and continue to impose a major burden on healthcare systems. Current pharmacological strategies to control influenza A virus-induced lung disease are problematic owing to antiviral resistance and the requirement for strain-specific vaccination. The product...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Vlahos R,Stambas J,Selemidis S

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:B7x (B7 homolog x, also known as B7-H4, B7S1, and VTCN1) was discovered by ourselves and others in 2003 as the seventh member of the B7 family. It is an inhibitory immune checkpoint of great significance to human disease. Tissue-expressed B7x minimizes autoimmune and inflammatory responses. It is overexpressed in a br...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： John P,Wei Y,Liu W,Du M,Guan F,Zang X

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene. This Science & Society article focuses on pharmacological strategies that attack RTT treatment from multiple angles, including drug repurposing and de novo discovery efforts, and discusses the imp...

journal_title：Trends in pharmacological sciences

authors： Gogliotti RG,Niswender CM

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00