Abstract:
:We present an evaluation of the qualitative and quantitative effects that high concentrations of benzene and toluene have on the growth rate of several pure cultures that use these compounds as their sole carbon and energy source. The cultures employed were five widely studied environmental isolates: Pseudomonas putida F1, P. putida mt2, P. mendocina KR, Ralstonia pickettii PKO1, and Burkholderia cepacia G4. Three cultures degraded toluene following a pattern consistent with the kinetic model of Wayman and Tseng (1976) while the other two followed a modification of this model introduced by Alagappan and Cowan (2001). The pattern followed for benzene degradation was different than that for toluene degradation for all four capable pure cultures and consistent with that described by the model of Luong (1987). Mechanisms of substrate inhibition and solvent toxicity are discussed, used to conceptually evaluate the reasons for the differences in inhibition behavior, and used to support a call for more widespread use of the empirical, terminal substrate concentration inhibition models employed here. We also present the methodology developed to overcome a limitation commonly encountered when attempting to collect oxygen uptake data for use in quantifying substrate inhibition kinetics. The experimental method was effective for use in the collection of high quality data and the substrate inhibition models most useful in representing the growth of bacteria on these solvents are those that show a complete loss of activity at high concentration rather than the more popular asymptotic inhibition models.
journal_name
Biotechnol Bioengjournal_title
Biotechnology and bioengineeringauthors
Alagappan G,Cowan Rdoi
10.1002/bit.10729subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-09-30 00:00:00pages
798-809issue
7eissn
0006-3592issn
1097-0290journal_volume
83pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Gene transcription is regulated by transcription factors that can bind to specific regions on DNA. Antigene oligonucleotides (oligos) can bind to specific regions on DNA and form a triplex with the double-stranded DNA. The triplex can competitively inhibit the binding of transcription factors and, as a result, transcr...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-0290(20001120)70:4<467::aid-bit13>3.0
更新日期:2000-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Blood vessel development is critical for the continued growth and progression of solid tumors and, therefore, makes an attractive target for improving cancer therapy. Indeed, vascular-targeted therapies have been extensively explored but they have shown minimal efficacy as monotherapies. Combretastatin A4 (CA-4) is a ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.26566
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::An immobilized enzyme reactor has been developed for the degradation of bilirubin as a potential treatment for neonatal jaundice. It utilizes the enzyme bilirubin oxidase from Myrothecium verrucaria, which in the presence of molecular oxygen converts bilirubin to biliverdin and other products that are much less toxic ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260281011
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) seeded on 3D printed poly-(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate (PEG-DA) scaffolds with varying pore geometries (square and hexagonal channels) were investigated. The scaffold with sq...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.26480
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adenoviruses are human pathogens increasingly used as gene therapy and vaccination vectors. However, their impact on cell metabolism is poorly characterized. We performed carbon labeling experiments with [1,2-13 C]glucose or [U-13 C]glutamine to evaluate metabolic alterations in the amniocyte-derived, E1-transformed 1...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.26063
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Potentiometric and amperometric measurements were made with microbial fuel cells containing E. coli or yeast as the anodic reducing agent and glucose as the oxidizable substrate. The catalytic effects of thionine and resorufin on the anode reaction were investigated. Results on the potentiometry, polarization, and cou...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260250219
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A flow cytometric kinetic study of hybridoma growth and monoclonal antibody production is presented, along with the influence of glutamine on intracellular responses such as (relative) cell size, and cell RNA and total protein content. Specific findings are: (1) RNA content remained constant throughout the growth phas...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260360109
更新日期:1990-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorella sp. strain VJ79 was isolated from a total heterotrophic count of a wastewater collector. It grows autotrophically, heterotrophically, and mixotrophically on a variety of organic substrates. Glucose and serine promote a mixotrophic growth from which the yield is higher than the sum of autotrophic and heterotr...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260260707
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to carry out an effective enzyme reaction, the preparation of soluble-insoluble immobilized enzyme was investigated. Proteases were selected as model enzymes, and their immobilization was carried out by using an enteric coating polymer as a carrier. Among the polymers tested, methacrylic acid-methylacrylate-m...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260290612
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present investigation molecular sieve has been found to be a suitable carrier for the immobilization of enzymes. From the present study it may be specifically found that trypsin and pappain can be immobilized by molecular sieve type 4a following a very simple techniqure. The immobilized enzyme can be used both ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260190902
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surface modified bioactive glass with surface properties akin to those of the bone mineral phase is an attractive candidate for use as a microcarrier material for 3-D growth of bone-like tissue in rotating wall vessel bioreactors (RWVs). The critical surface properties of this material are the result of reaction in so...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.10023
更新日期:2001-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::The flotation of Streptomyces pilosus was studied in the absence and presence of adsorbed Pb(II) ions on the cell walls and with and without using sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) as collector. Adsorption of SDS onto the organism in the absence and presence of Pb(II) ions was also investigated. It was found that in the abs...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260371009
更新日期:1991-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine pancreatic trypsin was treated with ethylene glycol bis(succinic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester). Approximately 8 of 14 lysines per trypsin molecule were modified. This derivative (EG trypsin) was more stable than native between 30 degrees and 70 degrees C: T50 values were 59 degrees C and 46 degrees C, respec...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Frozen bagged seed inoculum was prepared, thawed and tested for seven cultures. Thawing techniques were developed and other key influences on thawing rate were quantified; seed bag thawing without a water bath rarely required more than 4 to 5 h and was as short as 0.5 to 1 h for lower fill volume bags. Testing include...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.10323
更新日期:2002-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::The productivity of Escherichia coli as a producer of recombinant proteins is affected by its metabolic properties, especially by acetate production. Two commercially used E. coli strains, BL21 (lambdaDE3) and JM109, differ significantly in their acetate production during batch fermentation at high initial glucose con...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19980105)57:1<71::aid-bit9
更新日期:1998-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Phage Φ80 can infect Escherichia coli in a stealthy manner and persist by forming lysogens. Such Φ80 lysogens are fairly common and often go undetected unless the host is grown at temperatures below 37°C. Since low growth temperatures are required for growing temperature-sensitive mutants and often preferred for large...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.26971
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel technique for immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase onto anionic colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) is described. CGAs are spherical microbubbles (10-100 microm) composed of an inner gas core surrounded by a surfactant shell. In this initial study, greater than 80% lipase (w/w) was effectively retained on the CGAs...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.1116
更新日期:2001-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Among various routes for the biological hydrogen production, the NAD(P)H-dependent pentose phosphate (PP) pathway is the most efficient for the dark fermentation. Few studies, however, have focused on the glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, encoded by zwf, as a key enzyme activating the PP pathway. Although the gluco...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.23259
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pre-filtration using ion exchange membrane adsorbers can improve parvovirus filter throughput of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The membranes work by binding trace foulants, and although some antibody product also binds, yields > or =99% are easily achieved by overloading. Results show that foulant adsorption is depend...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.22729
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relative levels of many individual proteins in Escherichia coli HB101 strains with 0, 37, 56, and 240 plasmids per chromosome were determined by computer image analysis of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns. The plasmids investigated had very similar sequences except for small domains encoding the repressor ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260370808
更新日期:1991-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli often results in the formation of insoluble inclusion bodies, In case of expression of eukaryotic proteins containing cysteine, which may form disulfide bonds in the native active protein, often nonnative inter- and intramolecular disulfide bonds exist in the incl...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260410103
更新日期:1993-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::The placement of the reference electrode (RE) in various bioelectrochemical systems is often varied to accommodate different reactor configurations. While the effect of the RE placement is well understood from a strictly electrochemistry perspective, there are impacts on exoelectrogenic biofilms in engineered systems ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.25253
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the recently constructed Escherichia coli itaconic acid production strain ita23, we aimed to improve the productivity by applying a two-stage process strategy with decoupled production of biomass and itaconic acid. We constructed a strain ita32 (MG1655 ΔaceA Δpta ΔpykF ΔpykA pCadCs), which, in contrast to ita...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.26446
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immobilized enzyme hollow fibers may be useful in the purification or treatment of whole blood under clinical conditions. In this study, catalytically pure heparinase was immobilized to cellulose to analyze the feasibility for the removal of heparin's anticoagulant activity from whole blood. The kinetics of catalytica...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260341105
更新日期:1989-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Using phage display technology, we have isolated 12-mer peptide ligands that bind to human blood outgrowth endothelial cells (HBOEC). To avoid non-specific binding we apply negative-positive selection approach by pre-incubating the library with non-HBOEC. The selected phage clones bind to their target cell population ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.21420
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The application of rational design in reallocating metabolic flux to accumulate desired chemicals is always restricted by the native regulatory network. In this study, recombinant Pichia pastoris was constructed for malic acid production from sole methanol through rational redistribution of metabolic flux. Different m...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.27575
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Targeted gene integration into site-specific loci can be achieved in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells via CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology and the homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway. The low efficiency of HDR often requires antibiotic selection, which limits targeted integration of multiple genes at multiple...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.26002
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::For all bacteria, nearly every antimicrobial fails since a subpopulation of the bacteria enter a dormant state known as persistence, in which the antimicrobials are rendered ineffective due to the lack of metabolism. This tolerance to antibiotics makes microbial infections the leading cause of death worldwide and make...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.25963
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Incremental truncation is a method for constructing libraries of every one base pair truncation of a segment of DNA. Incremental truncation libraries can be created using a time-dependent nuclease method or through the incorporation of alpha-phosphothioate dNTPs by PCR or by primer extension (THIO(pcr) truncation and ...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.10604
更新日期:2003-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::A semiequilibrium model of chromatography has been developed to account for the elution profile of high concentration bands. The use of this model requires the prior determination of the equilibrium isotherms of the studied compounds in the chromatographic phase system. The model is applied here to a study of the isoc...
journal_title:Biotechnology and bioengineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/bit.260360311
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00