Abstract：
:1. Synaptic vesicles (SVs) mediate fast regulated secretion of classical neurotransmitters. In order to perform their task SVs rely on a restrict set of membrane proteins. The mechanisms responsible for targeting these proteins to the SV membrane are still poorly understood. 2. Likewise, little is known about the intracellular routes taken by these proteins in their way to SV membrane. Recently, several domains and motifs necessary for correct localization of SV proteins have been identified. 3. In this review we summarize the sequence motifs that have been identified in the cytoplasmic domains of SV proteins that are involved in endocytosis and targeting of SVs. We suggest that the vesicular acetylcholine transporter, a protein found predominantly in synaptic vesicles, is perhaps a model protein to understand the pathways and interactions that are used for synaptic vesicle targeting.
journal_name
Cell Mol Neurobioljournal_title
Cellular and molecular neurobiologyauthors
Prado VF,Prado MAdoi
10.1023/a:1021884319363subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-12-01 00:00:00pages
565-77issue
5-6eissn
0272-4340issn
1573-6830journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Alpha-synuclein (alpha-SYN) is one of the major components of intracellular fibrillary aggregates in the brains of a subset of neurodegenerative disorders. Although alpha-SYN expression has been found in developing mouse brain, a detailed distribution during mouse-embryonic development has not been made. Here we descr...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-009-9473-4
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), a major reactive oxygen species produced during oxidative stress, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various neurodegenerative conditions. Cyperus rotundus is a traditional medicinal herb that has recently found applications in food and confectionary industries. In the current ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-012-9865-8
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) treatment involves the pulsed application of a radiofrequency electric field to a nerve. The technology offers pain relief for patients suffering from chronic pain who do not respond well to conventional treatments. We tested whether PRF treatment attenuated complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-013-0003-z
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypothermia treatment is one of the neuroprotective strategies that improve neurological outcomes effectively after brain damage. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has been an important treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Herein, we evaluated the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of MIS joint local cooling ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-015-0245-z
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromogranin A (CHGA) plays a fundamental role in the biogenesis of catecholamine secretory granules. Changes in storage and release of CHGA in clinical and experimental hypertension prompted us to study whether genetic variation at the CHGA locus might contribute to alterations in autonomic function, and hence hypert...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-010-9600-2
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuropathic pain occurs as a result of peripheral or central nervous system injury. Its pathophysiology involves mainly a central sensitization mechanism that may be correlated to many molecules acting in regions involved in pain processing, such as the spinal cord. It has been demonstrated that reactive oxygen specie...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-008-9279-9
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normokalemic periodic paralysis (normoPP) is a type of skeletal muscle function disorder which is characterized by paralysis attack with concomitant normal serum potassium level. We previously reported that R675Q mutation of human skeletal muscle voltage-gated sodium channel α subunit (SCN4A) may be the novel mutation...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-014-0052-y
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The stimulation of peripheral opioid receptors counteracts thermal hyperalgesia produced by the intratibial inoculation of NCTC 2472 cells in mice, through the activation of the nitric oxide/cGMP/ATP-sensitive K+-channels (NO/cGMP/K(+) (ATP)) cascade (Menéndez et al. 2007, Neuropharmacology 53:71-80). We aimed to eluc...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-008-9272-3
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has a wide range of activities in the immune system such as modulation of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and antibody production. The neuropeptide hormone corticotropin (ACTH) has similar activities, suggesting that a bidirectional communication mechanism operates between the immune and the neu...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02088589
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken to evaluate whether estrogen deprivation might lead to mitochondrial alteration of hippocampal neurons of ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and to evaluate the protective effect of estrogen and phytoestrogen on the mitochondrial alteration. First, OVX rats were used to mimic the pathologic ch...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-008-9265-2
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Compared to pineal N-acetyl transferase (NAT) activity, which exhibited a dramatic drop following acute light exposure at night, nocturnal rat pineal thyroxine type II 5'-deiodinase (5'-D) activity was minimally influenced by the same light exposure. The injection of cycloheximide, a potent inhibitor of protein syn...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00711228
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the action of the recombinant neurotoxins, named Hk7a and Hk2a, whose amino acid sequences differ only in two positions, isolated from the sea anemone Anthopleura sp., on neuronal sodium currents using the whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. The rat cerebral cortical neurons in primary culture we...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-008-9288-8
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are thought to be critical for resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and for tumor recurrence after surgery in glioma patients. Identification of new therapeutic strategies that can target GSCs may thus be critical for improving patient survival. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding R...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-013-9927-6
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thyroid hormone (T(3)) plays an essential role in the central nervous system development. Astrocytes mediate many of the T(3) effects in the growth and differentiation of cerebellum. In culture, T(3) induces cerebellar astrocytes to secrete growth factors, mainly FGF(2), and alters the expression and organization of t...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-008-9260-7
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. It has been discussed for over 100 years whether short-term memory (STM) is separate from, or just an early phase of, long-term memory (LTM). The only way to solve this dilemma is to find out at least one treatment that blocks STM while keeping LTM intact for the same task in the same animal. 2. The effect of a lar...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1020715800956
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously demonstrated that alpha2-adrenoceptors regulate hypothalamic magnocellular oxytocinergic (OXY) neurons in Sprague Dawley rats. Here we investigated whether activation/inhibition of alpha2-adrenoceptors may similarly trigger/downregulate the activity of OXY neurons in control Long Evans (+/+) and per...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-009-9388-0
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spaceflight and simulated microgravity both affect learning and memory, which are mostly controlled by the hippocampus. However, data about molecular alterations in the hippocampus in real or simulated microgravity conditions are limited. Adult Wistar rats were recruited in the experiments. Here we analyzed whether sh...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-020-00922-2
更新日期：2020-07-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) is a member of a family of ATP-gated cation channels that are composed of three subunits. Each subunit has two transmembrane (TM) domains linked by a large extracellular loop and intracellularly located N- and C-termini. The receptors are expressed in excitable and non-excitable cells and hav...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10571-010-9568-y
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The visual transduction system of the vertebrate retina is a well-studied model for biochemical and molecular studies of signal transduction. The structure and function of rhodopsin, a prototypical G protein-coupled receptor, and transducin or Gt, the photoreceptor G protein, have been particularly well studied. Me...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF00741446
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aim to develop a cultured cell model, to serve as a system with which the altered circadian phenotypes produced by the clock gene variations could be studied in vitro. Tau mutation, which shortens the circadian period of hamsters and mice, was introduced into the CK1epsilon locus of cultured Rat1-R12 cells by gene ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-009-9389-z
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of the present study is to map the incipient phase of Fos expression in the sacral spinal cord neuronal pools of multiple cauda equina constrictions canine model. 2. Fos-positive neurons were found bilaterally in the lateral portion of superficial dorsal horn layers (Laminae I-III) and along the lateral edg...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1012610407025
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have characterized a newly generated mouse model of obesity, a mouse strain deficient in all five previously described leptin receptor isoforms. These transgenic mice, named the db (333)/db (333) mice, were identified from an ENU mutagenesis screen and carry a point mutation in the seventh exon of the db gene encod...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-009-9427-x
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aims of the present study were (a) to determine the identity of the G proteins with which the endothelin receptor interacts and whether this interaction is subtype specific and (b) to determine whether agonist exposure can result in specific coupling between the endothelin receptor and G proteins. 2. Coupling b...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1007010125316
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:(1) Following acute spinal cord injury, progesterone modulates several molecules essential for motoneuron function, although the morphological substrates for these effects are unknown. (2) The present study analyzed morphological changes in motoneurons distal to the lesion site from rats with or without progesterone t...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-008-9291-0
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rats, variations in the levels of neuromodulatory molecules and in the expression of their receptors are observed during pregnancy and postpartum. These changes may contribute to the development and management of maternal behavior. The frequency of licking the pups is used to evaluate maternal care, having mothers ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-015-0306-3
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glial cells have various important roles in regulation of brain functions. For such events, extracellular nucleotides/P2 receptors have central roles. Although there have been huge amount of literature about activation of P2 receptors and glial functions, little is known about what happens in glia or the brain if glia...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-012-9869-4
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of cholinomimetics on the release and uptake of L-glutamic acid have been studied by means of local superfusion of rat neostriatum (in vivo) and using striatum slices (in vitro). Cholinomimetics regulate the release of L-glutamic acid through both muscarinic (m-) and nicotinic (n-) choline receptors accord...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00710999
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adeno-associated virus (AAV) has distinct advantages over other viral vectors in delivering genes of interest to the brain. AAV mainly transfects neurons, produces no toxicity or inflammatory responses, and yields long-term transgene expression. In this study, we first tested the hypothesis that AAV serotype 2 (AAV2) ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-011-9674-5
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While light is the basic element for inducing vision and modulating circadian rhythms, excessive light has been reported to have a negative effect on the survival of various types of retinal cells. Among them photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells degeneration after light exposure is widely observed...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10571-020-00819-0
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of acetylcholine (ACh) on the soma of cultured ventrocaudal sensory neurons from the pleural ganglia of Aplysia kurodai were characterized. 2. Whole-cell recording was used for current and voltage clamping. ACh and other drugs were microapplied to the membranes of the cultured neurons. 3. Microapplicati...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00713031
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
