Abstract：
:We have investigated the action of the recombinant neurotoxins, named Hk7a and Hk2a, whose amino acid sequences differ only in two positions, isolated from the sea anemone Anthopleura sp., on neuronal sodium currents using the whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques. The rat cerebral cortical neurons in primary culture were used for this study. In our experiments, these cells all express tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) sodium currents. Under the voltage-clamp condition, application of Hk7a and Hk2a reduced the sodium channel current amplitude and shifted the voltage dependence of activation to more positive potential; while Hk7a produced no significant effect on the voltage at which 50% of the channels were inactivated, Hk2a caused profound hyperpolarizing shift of the voltage-dependent inactivation. Also, both Hk7a and Hk2a increased the time course of recovery from inactivation. In kinetic studies, whereas application of Hk2a slows the time to peak of voltage-gated sodium channel, the time course of fast and slow inactivating component, no significant effect was observed in Hk7a. These results suggested that the difference of key amino acid between Hk7a and Hk2a might contribute to their different action; therefore, they could be used as pharmacological tool to study the structure and function of voltage-gated sodium channel.
journal_name
Cell Mol Neurobioljournal_title
Cellular and molecular neurobiologyauthors
Xiang H,Tao W,Wang L,Wang F,Xu Adoi
10.1007/s10571-008-9288-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-12-01 00:00:00pages
1119-28issue
8eissn
0272-4340issn
1573-6830journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Somatostatin which is a multifunctional growth hormone inhibitory neuropeptide shows diverse physiological effects, such as neurotransmission, cell growth, apoptosis, and endocrine signaling as well as exerts inhibitory effects on hormonal products and other secretory proteins. SSTR3 is a member of superfamily of soma...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-017-0471-7
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calmodulin is known to transduce Ca(2+) signals by interacting with specific target proteins. In order to determine the role of calmodulin in regulating neuronal survival and death, we examined, whether calmodulin inhibitors induce caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death, and whether glycogen synthase kinase-3 is invol...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-007-9172-y
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In the retinal inner nuclear layer of the majority of species, a dopaminergic neuronal network has been visualized in either amacrine cells or the so-called interplexiform cells. 2. Binding studies of retinal dopamine receptors have revealed the existence of both D1- as well D2-subtypes. The D1-subtype was characte...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF00711177
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-012-9848-9
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are vascular malformations associated with abnormally dilated blood vessels and leaky capillaries that often result in hemorrhages. Despite recent advances, precise understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanism leading to the pathogenesis of CCM remains elusive. Emerging ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-018-0602-9
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of the present study is to map the incipient phase of Fos expression in the sacral spinal cord neuronal pools of multiple cauda equina constrictions canine model. 2. Fos-positive neurons were found bilaterally in the lateral portion of superficial dorsal horn layers (Laminae I-III) and along the lateral edg...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1012610407025
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microelectrophoretic application of sex hormones onto pineal cells in guinea pigs has shown different responses in pregnant females as compared to males. In pregnant females estrone caused excitation in 74% of the cells tested, while progesterone and testosterone, prolactin, and HCG were inhibitory in a majority of th...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00710681
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:(1) Axons contain numerous mRNAs and a local protein synthetic system that can be regulated independently of the cell body. (2) In this study, cultured primary sympathetic neurons were employed, to assess the effect of local protein synthesis blockade on axon viability and mitochondrial function. (3) Inhibition of loc...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-007-9148-y
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been strongly associated with the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides in brain, and immunotherapy targeting Aβ provides potential for AD prevention. A clinical trial in which AD patients were immunized with Aβ42 peptide was stopped when 6% of participants showed ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-011-9680-7
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The original concept of the ischemic penumbra surrounding a focus of dense cerebral ischemia is based on electrophysiological observations. In the cortex of baboons following middle cerebral artery occlusion, complete failure of the cortical evoked potential was observed at a cerebral blood flow (CBF) threshold lev...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1020629818207
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)-containing neurons within the lateral hypothalamus affect a broad spectrum of physiological and behavioral processes. The aim of this study was to examine a differentiation of rat MCH neurons dependent on their functionally related projections to the intermediolateral column (IML...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-006-9115-z
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we investigated the actions of high homocysteine (Hcy) levels (100 and 500 microM) on the cytoskeleton of C6 glioma cells. Results showed that the predominant cytoskeletal response was massive formation of actin-containing filopodia at the cell surface that could be related with Cdc42 activation and inc...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-009-9480-5
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypothermia treatment is one of the neuroprotective strategies that improve neurological outcomes effectively after brain damage. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has been an important treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Herein, we evaluated the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of MIS joint local cooling ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-015-0245-z
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Wobbler mice suffer an autosomal recessive mutation producing severe motoneuron degeneration and dense astrogliosis, with increased levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the spinal cord and brain stem. They have been considered animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and infantile spinal muscul...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02578387
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ATP13A4 is a member of the subfamily of P5-type ATPases. P5-type ATPases are the least studied of the P-type ATPase subfamilies with no ion specificities assigned to them. In order to elucidate ATP13A4 function, we studied the protein's subcellular localization and tested whether it is involved in calcium regulation. ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-009-9445-8
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a common complication after thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in ischemic stroke. In this article, recent research progress of HT in vivo and in vitro studies was reviewed. We have discussed new potential mechanisms and possible experimental mode...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10571-020-00985-1
更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuropathic pain is diagnosed primarily by sensory dysfunction, which includes both spontaneous, and stimulus-evoked pain. Clinical evaluation highlights the disabilities which characterise this condition for most patients. Chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI) evokes sensory dysfunction characteristi...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-013-9962-3
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The degenerating muscle (dmu) mouse harbors a loss-of-function mutation in the Scn8a gene, which encodes the alpha subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) Na(V)1.6. The distribution of c-Fos and c-Jun was examined in spinal and cranial motoneurons of the dmu mouse. In the cervical spinal cord, trigeminal mo...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-010-9498-8
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elevated iron levels in the substantia nigra (SN) participate in neuronal death in Parkinson's disease (PD), while the mechanisms underlying the increased iron are still unknown. Ceruloplasmin (CP), a ferroxidase, converts highly toxic ferrous iron to its non-toxic ferric form, which cooperated with ferroportin1 (FP1)...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-015-0161-2
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intention of this review is to emphasize the current knowledge about the extent and importance of the substances co-localized with magnocellular arginine vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXY) as potential candidates for the gradual clarification of their actual role in the regulation of hydromineral homeostasis. Ma...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10571-008-9306-x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organotellurium compounds have been synthesized since 1840, but pharmacological and toxicological studies about them are still incipient. Therefore, the objective of this study was to verify the effect of acute administration of the organochalcogen 3-butyl-1-phenyl-2-(phenyltelluro)oct-en-1-one on some parameters of o...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-010-9547-3
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset, progressive, and fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by selective loss of motor neurons. Both ALS model mice and patients with sporadic ALS have increased levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Furthermore, the protein levels of microsomal PGE synthase-1 and cycloo...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-016-0377-9
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The irrefutable change in the expression of brain-enriched microRNAs (miRNAs) following ischemic stroke has promoted the development of radical miRNA-based therapeutics encompassing neuroprotection and neuronal restoration. Our previous report on the systems-level prediction of miR-9 in post-stroke-induced neurogenesi...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-018-0642-1
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously demonstrated that alpha2-adrenoceptors regulate hypothalamic magnocellular oxytocinergic (OXY) neurons in Sprague Dawley rats. Here we investigated whether activation/inhibition of alpha2-adrenoceptors may similarly trigger/downregulate the activity of OXY neurons in control Long Evans (+/+) and per...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-009-9388-0
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cathepsin K deficiency in male mice (Ctsk-/-) results in decreased numbers of hippocampal astrocytes and altered neuronal patterning as well as learning and memory deficits. Additionally, cathepsin K carries essential roles in the thyroid gland where it contributes to the liberation of thyroid hormones (TH). Because T...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-019-00765-6
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. A high expression of angiotensin II receptors and of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity was detected in confluent NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. 2. Characterization with selective ligands, dithiothreitol, and GTP gamma S, indicated that only the AT2 subtype was expressed. 3. AT2 receptors and ACE expression were st...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1006985329240
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Oxytocin and vasopressin secretion from the neurohypophysis (NHP) is evoked by strongly patterned bursts of action potentials. We studied excitation-secretion coupling in single isolated terminals of rat NHP using patch clamp and capacitance detection techniques. 2. The secretory response evoked by trains of depola...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022575126738
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The sensory functions of the inner ear (hearing and balance) critically depend on the precise regulation of two fluid compartments of highly desparate ion composition, i.e., the endolymph and the perilymph. 2. The parameters volume, ion composition, and pH need to be held at homeostasis irrespective of the hydratio...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1023636620721
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. RNA interference (RNAi) is a multicomponent machinery that operates in a sequence-specific manner to repress the expression of genes in most eukaryotic cells. 2. Here we wanted to investigate in a murine neuroblastoma cell line (NBP2) (a) if replacement of the loop of the short hairpin RNA (shRNA) with a hammerhead...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-004-6919-6
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) migration is critical for effective myelination of the central nervous system. Not only during normal myelination but also during remyelination, the growth factors (GFs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein affect the OPC migration. Studies showed the altered levels of GFs and E...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-016-0359-y
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
