Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The antioxidant activity of high-density lipoprotein is largely due to the paraoxonase 1 located on it. Experiments with transgenic paraoxonase 1 knock-out mice indicate the potential for this enzyme to protect against atherogenesis. This effect of high-density lipoprotein in decreasing low-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation is maintained for longer than that of antioxidant vitamins and could thus be more protective. Several important advances in the field of paraoxonase research have occurred during this review period, not least the discovery that two other members of the paraoxonase gene family, PON2 and PON3, may also have important antioxidant properties. Significant advances have been made in understanding the basic biochemical function of paraoxonase 1 and the discovery of possible modulators of its activity. RECENT FINDINGS:Decreased coronary heart disease risk associated with polymorphisms of paraoxonase 1, which are most active in lipid peroxide hydrolysis, as revealed by meta-analysis is likely to be an underestimate of the true contribution of paraoxonase 1 to coronary heart disease because these polymorphisms explain only a small component of the variation in paraoxonase 1 activity. It is a very important observation, however, because genetic influences are not likely to be confounded by other factors linked with both coronary heart disease and diminished paraoxonase 1 activity. SUMMARY:Although advances have been made in research into the paraoxonase family and atherosclerosis, much more needs to be done. Paraoxonase 1 is much the most extensively researched and strategies will hopefully emerge to increase its activity and provide a more satisfactory test of the antioxidant hypothesis of atherosclerosis than antioxidant vitamins have done.
journal_name
Curr Opin Lipidoljournal_title
Current opinion in lipidologyauthors
Mackness B,Durrington PN,Mackness MIdoi
10.1097/00041433-200208000-00002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-08-01 00:00:00pages
357-62issue
4eissn
0957-9672issn
1473-6535journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Genetic LCAT deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by low-plasma HDL cholesterol levels. Clinical manifestations of the disease include corneal opacification, anemia, and renal disease, which represents the major cause of morbidity and mortality in carriers. RECENT FINDINGS:Biochemica...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000697
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The science and policy of functional foods are a matter of global concern and this review provides up-to-date information about the Japanese 'food for specified health use' policy based on functional food science. RECENT FINDINGS:A great many studies on nonnutritive but physiologically functional foo...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3282f3f505
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Familial combined hyperlipidaemia is the most common inherited hyperlipidaemia and is found in up to 10% of patients with premature myocardial infarction. The genetic and metabolic bases of the disorder have not yet been defined. This review discusses the important advances in the past year in our understanding of the...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199806000-00002
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) maintains cellular metabolic homeostasis by coordinating protein synthesis, secretion activities, lipid biosynthesis and calcium (Ca²⁺) storage. In this review, we will discuss how altered ER homeostasis contributes to dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism and contri...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000056
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression profiling and genomic DNA sequence comparisons are increasingly being applied to the identification and analysis of the genes that are involved in lipid metabolism. Not only has genome-wide expression profiling aided in the identification of novel genes that are involved in important processes in lipid meta...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200204000-00009
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The article reviews the challenges facing cardiovascular disease (CVD) guidelines committees. RECENT FINDINGS:Clinical trials in high-risk populations have shown additional CVD event reduction with ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin-9 inhibitors. These trials recruit middle-aged sec...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000453
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study showed that a 35% decrease in LDL-cholesterol was accompanied by a 42% reduction in coronary mortality. Even if the period of time is longer than 1 year for the divergence of survival curves in the simvastatin and placebo groups there are reasons to believe that the benefici...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199512000-00007
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent discovery of a second estrogen receptor subtype, estrogen receptor-beta, may significantly advance our understanding of tissue specific effects of estrogenic compounds, both natural and synthetic. Although specific effects mediated by estrogen receptor beta in vivo remain to be elucidated, hypothetically th...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199902000-00009
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Bile acid sequestrants (BAS) have been used for more than 50 years in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. The last decade, bile acids are emerging as integrated regulators of metabolism via induction of various signal transduction pathways. Consequently, BAS treatment may exert unexpected side-effe...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32834f0ef3
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low folate intake is an important determinant of elevated blood levels of homocysteine. Because elevated homocysteine has been shown to be a possible graded risk factor for CHD, sufficient folate intake may be important in the prevention of CHD. The magnitude of the association between folate and CHD is consistent wit...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199802000-00005
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The VLDL receptor (VLDLR) is a member of the LDL receptor family. The VLDLR was hypothesized to mediate fatty acid entry into peripheral tissues, on the basis of its expression in tissues that are active in fatty acid metabolism and its capacity to bind apolipoprotein-E-rich VLDL in vitro. This hypothesis initially pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200106000-00006
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fibrates continue to be a viable treatment option for mixed atherogenic dyslipidemia, and recent reports from clinical studies have shed new light on the therapeutic utility of fibrates for the prevention of microvascular and macrovascular disease, especially in combination with statins. RECENT FINDI...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32834701c3
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:mAbs targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) have the potential to become groundbreaking therapies for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. However, one major drawback of mAb-based therapy for a chronic condition like dyslipidemia is its relatively high cost. This review summ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000312
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize the role of the microRNA-30c (miR-30c) in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis, to address consequences associated with reduced expression in cancer and cardiac function, and to speculate benefits of overexpressing miR-30c in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cancer. REC...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000162
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Endocannabinoids are defined as endogenous agonists of cannabinoid receptors, that is, of the two G-protein-coupled receptors for the Cannabis psychoactive principle Delta-tetra-hydrocannabinol. Two such endogenous mediators have been most thoroughly studied so far: anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycer...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32803dbdec
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review addresses a syndrome of dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy that has emerged in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The term 'HIV/HAART associated dyslipidemic lipodystrophy (HADL)' describes this syndrome. Although HAART increases patient survival rate...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200402000-00011
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors, or statins, have been shown to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among a wide spectrum of patients with established atherosclerotic vascular disease. Mounting experimental and clinical evidence also suggest a potential benefit...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000191916.89121.d3
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The interest for the human HDL system was recently revived by the identification of the ABCA1 as a critical component in the formation and maintenance of plasma HDL levels. The present review focuses on recent progress in our understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying HDL biogenesis pathways. R...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000226117.43178.7c
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rather than a link in a causal chain leading to hypertension, insulin resistance and resultant hyperinsulinemia may be 'spokes on a wheel', with central or visceral obesity as the postulated hub of the wheel. Hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and high density lipoprotein cholesterol are depicted as other spokes. Newl...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199608000-00011
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Adipose tissue is an essential, highly dynamic and metabolically active tissue that vigorously communicates to support its primary function: the storage of lipids. It performs this function to secure energy supply and prevent lipotoxicity. Adipose tissue is essential for maintaining a healthy glucose ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3282f39f95
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipid-poor apolipoproteins remove cellular cholesterol and phospholipids by an active transport pathway controlled by an ATP binding cassette transporter called ABCA1 (formerly ABC1). Mutations in ABCA1 cause Tangier disease, a severe HDL deficiency syndrome characterized by a rapid turnover of plasma apolipoprotein A...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200006000-00005
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The most likely cholesterol-raising factors in unfiltered coffee are kahweol and cafestol. Different brewing methods alter the concentrations of these diterpenes and have caused discrepant results in studies from different parts of the world. The effect of tea on the risk of coronary heart disease is much less clear b...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199502000-00006
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidation products of lipids and proteins are found in atherosclerotic plaque and in macrophage foam cells. Macrophages avidly endocytose in-vitro oxidized LDL and accumulate sterols. What is the evidence that such a process is involved in in-vivo foam cell formation? The present review surveys current knowledge on th...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200010000-00005
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The nine members of the proprotein convertase family play major physiological roles during development and in the adult, and their dysregulation leads to various diseases. The primary objective of this article is to review recent findings on the clinical importance of some of these convertases concent...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000484
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Atherogenic dyslipidaemia, characterized by high plasma triglycerides (a surrogate for triglyceride-rich remnant lipoproteins) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), is prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and contributes to a high modifiable residual cardiovascula...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000640
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) is a rare disorder associated with early atherosclerotic disease due to impairment of the LDL receptor (LDLR) pathway. Because of their molecular defect, current treatment options have limited success in bringing HoFH patient to LDL-C target and morbidit...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000677
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease; we highlight the most recent research initiatives that have sought to define Lp(a)-dependent pathogenicity as well as pharmacologic approaches to lowering Lp(a). RECENT FINDINGS:Recent large-scale meta-analyses have confirmed elevate...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32835111d8
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Mesenchymal stem cells (or multipotent stromal cells) are emerging as a potent cell type for cardiac cell therapy. This review describes the potential of cardiac mesenchymal stem cell therapy, but also highlights some recently discovered less favorable mesenchymal stem cell characteristics. RECENT FI...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3282f0dd1f
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Unregulated uptake of oxidized LDL by macrophages to form foam cells is the hallmark for atherosclerosis. The paraoxonase (PON) family of enzymes plays a critical role in attenuating atherosclerotic lesion formation by hydrolyzing lipid peroxides (LOOHs) and preventing the oxidation of LDL particles a...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000444
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Nutrition recommendations emphasize that not only dietary fat quantity but also fat quality plays a role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence for dietary fat and risk of T2D, to highlight recent findings and point out future research direction...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000567
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00