Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) is a rare disorder associated with early atherosclerotic disease due to impairment of the LDL receptor (LDLR) pathway. Because of their molecular defect, current treatment options have limited success in bringing HoFH patient to LDL-C target and morbidity and mortality remain high. We review current and upcoming therapies directed at HoFH, including gene therapy. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent real-world studies have confirmed the strength in lomitapide as a treatment adjunct to statins and other lipid-lowering therapies in HoFH patients. The approval of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor monoclonal antibodies has also been a welcome addition to the treatment armamentarium offering an additional average reduction in LDL-C levels of 24% when added to background lipid-lowering therapies in this population. Although achieving adequate LDL-C levels in this population is difficult, there are several therapies on the horizon that may help more patients reach goal. Evinacumab, a monoclonal antibody against ANGPTL3, has been shown to substantially reduce LDL-C of an average of 49%, independently of residual LDLR activity. RNA interference targeting PCSK9 and ANGPTL3 shows promise in clinical trials. Adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer and gene editing techniques are in early clinical and preclinical development. SUMMARY:LDL-C lowering in HoFH patients remains very challenging. However, novel treatment options are emerging. Upcoming therapies directed at PCSK9 and ANPTL3 may offer additional LDL-C reduction, to help patients achieve adequate LDL-C levels. Gene therapy and gene editing techniques, if proven effective, may offer a unique opportunity to treat patients with a one-time treatment.
journal_name
Curr Opin Lipidoljournal_title
Current opinion in lipidologyauthors
Bajaj A,Cuchel Mdoi
10.1097/MOL.0000000000000677subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-01 00:00:00pages
119-124issue
3eissn
0957-9672issn
1473-6535journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The science and policy of functional foods are a matter of global concern and this review provides up-to-date information about the Japanese 'food for specified health use' policy based on functional food science. RECENT FINDINGS:A great many studies on nonnutritive but physiologically functional foo...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3282f3f505
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize the role of the microRNA-30c (miR-30c) in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis, to address consequences associated with reduced expression in cancer and cardiac function, and to speculate benefits of overexpressing miR-30c in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cancer. REC...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000162
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Phospholipids are major constituents in the intestinal lumen after meal consumption. This article highlights current literature suggesting the contributory role of intestinal phospholipid metabolism toward cardiometabolic disease manifestation. RECENT FINDINGS:Group 1b phospholipase A2 (PLA2g1b) cata...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000334
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is well recognized that adipose tissue in obesity is characterized by macrophage accumulation and local inflammation. This review summarizes current evidence regarding dietary cholesterol on adipose tissue macrophage accrual, systemic inflammation and its potential link to atherosclerosis. RECENT ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/mol.0b013e32831bef8b
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review is to summarize and discuss recent advances in the understanding of the physiological role of lipoprotein lipase in lipid and energy metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS:Studies on the transcriptional and the posttranscriptional level of lipoprotein lipase expression have provided new i...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200210000-00002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The VLDL receptor (VLDLR) is a member of the LDL receptor family. The VLDLR was hypothesized to mediate fatty acid entry into peripheral tissues, on the basis of its expression in tissues that are active in fatty acid metabolism and its capacity to bind apolipoprotein-E-rich VLDL in vitro. This hypothesis initially pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200106000-00006
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Lowering LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) reduces vascular risk. Current guidelines recommend initiating statin therapy in patients with a yearly coronary heart disease risk of around 1.5-2%, and most clinicians prescribe standard statin regimens (e.g. 40 mg simvastatin daily). However, there is some uncertain...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283556c1b
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The goal of this review is to provide an update on the most recent and relevant findings in the area of genotype-phenotype associations as well as the relationships between genetic factors and cardiovascular disease risk markers and events. In addition, emphasis will be placed on the methodological pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000217895.67444.de
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We will discuss the diverse roles of lipoprotein receptors that contribute to the maintenance and integrity of the vascular wall. RECENT FINDINGS:Lipoprotein receptors function not only as transporters for cholesterol and other lipids. They also act as sensors and signal transducers through which the...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200404000-00010
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism of chylomicrons and their remnants is a highly facilitated route to distribute energy from the diet for storage in adipose tissue or immediate use in the muscles. It has been proposed that chylomicron remnants are atherogenic, and a delayed clearance of chylomicron remnants seems to be associated with c...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199506000-00003
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thia substituted fatty acids are saturated fatty acids which are modified by insertion of a sulfur atom at specific positions in the carbon backbone. During the last few years pleiotropic effects of the 3-thia fatty acid tetradecylthioacetic acid have been revealed. The biological responses to tetradecylthioacetic aci...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200206000-00010
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is a disorder of morphogenesis resulting from an enzymatic defect in the last step of cholesterol metabolism (reduction of 7-dehydrocholesterol). Analysis of the defective gene and identification of mutations therein have paved the way for the study of the molecular genetics of the disor...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199904000-00006
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Hepatic steatosis is a leading cause of adult and paediatric liver disease and is inextricably linked to obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. Here we summarize our current understanding of the role of the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 gene (PNPLA3) in hepatic steato...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/mol.0b013e328338ca61
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Alterations in the gut microbiome composition or function are associated with risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Based on recent evidence that also oral medications used to treat these conditions could alter the gut microbiome compositi...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000727
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To highlight the fact that regional differences in the normal arterial intima are critical to atherosclerotic lesion formation driven by systemic risk factors. RECENT FINDINGS:At arterial curvatures, bifurcations and branches unique hemodynamics influence endothelial cell signaling and gene expressio...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32833ded96
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The metabolic syndrome has become a leading health concern in developed countries. In the search for strategies to combat this growing problem, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) inhibition has been proposed as an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, recent studies warn of potentially harmful conse...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32833854ac
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inhibiting effect of insulin on the mobilization of free fatty acids (FFA) from adipose tissue is halted in prevalent conditions with systemic insulin resistance. The nature and cause of this perturbation are unknown, but steroid hormones may be involved. The consequence is the creation or amplification of insulin...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199405030-00003
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Routine measurement of echolucency of atherosclerotic plaques, in addition to degree of stenosis, may change clinical practice in the future. Within the context of previous knowledge in this field, we therefore review recent developments in detection and histological characterization of echolucent rup...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000092628.86399.9f
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this study was to briefly summarize the contribution of the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) trial on cardiovascular evidence and examine in depth its groundbreaking trajectory.PREDIMED was conducted during 2003-2010 and represented the largest primary prevention trial ever test...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000731
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:As the incidence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome has increased, research has focused on the importance of the endocannabinoid system in the brain and peripheral tissues. Rimonabant, an inverse agonist of the CB1 receptor is being used therapeutically. This review presents recent advances in endo...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e328304b62b
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The fish fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may promote cardiometabolic health. This review summarizes the results of recent meta-analyses of prospective studies on cardiovascular diseases, diabetes type 2 and markers of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. RECENT FINDI...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000041
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Lipoprotein metabolism and the role of apolipoprotein E in the pathogenesis of dysbetalipoproteinemia. RECENT FINDINGS:Remnant lipoproteins, modulated by lifestyle and genetic factors, are atherogenic. Dysbetalipoproteinemia could be viewed as a monogenic disorder of remnant metabolism. SUMMARY:Elev...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000192
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Phytosterols and stanols are plant derivatives that compete with cholesterol for intestinal absorption and thereby lower serum cholesterol concentrations. They have been developed as food additives to help lower serum cholesterol but there is concern that these additives could inadvertently increase c...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e328011e9e3
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose is to evaluate recent findings concerning dietary fats and the risk of coronary heart disease. Monounsaturated fatty acids are often regarded as healthy, and many have recommended their consumption instead of saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Support for the benefits o...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200302000-00008
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review is to present the latest findings on the role of the circadian clock in the control of metabolism, and the therapeutic potential of chronotherapy to regulate energy homeostasis in humans. RECENT FINDINGS:We summarized the recent advances related to circadian clock regulation of...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000722
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression profiling and genomic DNA sequence comparisons are increasingly being applied to the identification and analysis of the genes that are involved in lipid metabolism. Not only has genome-wide expression profiling aided in the identification of novel genes that are involved in important processes in lipid meta...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200204000-00009
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The effects of hormone-replacement therapy on cardiovascular risk factors are examined. In an attempt to explain the results of recent randomized controlled trials in which no benefit of hormone-replacement therapy for postmenopausal women has been observed, RECENT FINDINGS:Changes in lipoproteins in...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000137231.84772.80
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Low HDL cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia as well as lowering of LDL cholesterol with statins increase the risk of T2DM. We discuss the recent findings on the effects of lipoproteins and cholesterol on the function and survival of pancreatic β-cells as well as on obesity and insulin sensitivity of ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283412279
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The systematic analysis of the major candidate genes in autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) and the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology have made possible the discovery of several rare gene variants whose pathogenic effect in most cases remains poorly defined. RECENT FINDINGS...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000414
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the recent studies on intensive glucose control and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes, to discuss potential reasons for discordant results among recent trials, and to comment on implications for clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS:Three large randomized controlled t...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e328332dfaa
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00