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Effect of skin barrier competence on SLS and water-induced IL-1alpha expression.

Abstract：

:For screening of a potential irritant it is essential that an early marker for irritation should be chosen which could be detected before the physiological signs of irritation occur. Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1alpha) is widely accepted as such a marker in both in vivo and in vitro test systems. In this study, we have determined the mRNA levels of IL-1alpha in the epidermis after topical application of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SLS) in both a commercially available epidermal kit (EpiDerm) and in excised skin. Furthermore, we have determined the effect of water, the vehicle for SLS, on IL-1alpha mRNA levels. Topical application of water to excised skin increases IL-1alpha mRNA levels sixfold in the epidermis whereas topical application of water to EpiDerm cultures did not alter IL-1alpha mRNA levels. This is explained by the finding that EpiDerm cultures have a sub-optimal barrier function when compared with excised skin - topical application of SLS was clearly toxic at much lower concentrations in EpiDerm cultures (0.2% SLS) than in excised skin (5% SLS). Also caffeine penetration was 10-fold higher through EpiDerm cultures than through the excised skin. Therefore, incubation of control EpiDerm cultures at 100% humidity effectively mimics topical exposure to water. An additional increase in IL-1alpha mRNA levels observed between topical application of water and SLS is similar (about threefold) in both experimental systems. In conclusion, in vitro reconstructed epidermis models, such as EpiDerm, can be used as a predictive model for irritancy screening. However, great care should be taken when interpreting the results due to the fact that EpiDerm cultures do not have a competent barrier function and therefore lower irritant concentrations are required than in in vivo or ex vivo studies in order to induce cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, the irritant effects of the vehicle should not be neglected. Our results show clearly that the topical application of water to excised skin results in increased levels of IL-1alpha mRNA in the epidermis. This is a cytokine that is widely used as an early marker for skin irritation.

journal_name

Exp Dermatol

journal_title

Experimental dermatology

authors

Gibbs S,Vietsch H,Meier U,Ponec M

doi

10.1034/j.1600-0625.2001.110304.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2002-06-01 00:00:00

pages

217-23

issue

eissn

0906-6705

issn

1600-0625

pii

exd110304

journal_volume

pub_type

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Effect of skin barrier competence on SLS and water-induced IL-1alpha expression.