Abstract:
:In diagnostic pathology, decision-making skills are used to match the facts of a particular case to a diagnostic category. Ideally the diagnosis is established with "beyond a reasonable doubt" certainty, but substantial uncertainty orfrank diagnostic error can afflict the diagnostic process for a variety of reasons. Many of these diagnostic problems are explained by failures of decision-making. Unfortunately, it appears that substantial components of decision-making are too poorly understood to study or improve. For example, "instant pattern recognition," use of implicit knowledge, and use of creativity represent areas where discussion may not be helpful. In contrast, rule-based problem-solving is sufficiently well understood that the members of an almost purely cognitive specialty might be prompted to ask, what do we know about what we do when we problem-solve? This article reviews some of the more intriguing aspects of decision-making in the hope of stimulating interest in the topic among pathologists.
journal_name
Am J Clin Patholjournal_title
American journal of clinical pathologyauthors
Foucar Edoi
10.1309/YUCA-HMEE-BKQ5-BH5Bsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-12-01 00:00:00pages
S21-33eissn
0002-9173issn
1943-7722journal_volume
116 Supplpub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:Objectives:To evaluate the prognostic values of microRNAs (miRNAs) in glioblastoma, and to see if there is an association between miRNAs and MGMT promoter methylation status. Methods:We collected paraffin blocks from resection specimens from 114 glioblastoma patients who had received temozolomide treatment and radioth...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/aqy008
更新日期:2018-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::In situ hybridization with specific RNA radiolabeled probes was used to analyze the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by 21 low-grade follicular lymphomas (FLs). All of the 21 FLs tested contained lymphokine-synthesizing cells in the interfollicular and follicular areas. Enumeration o...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/95.1.55
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To establish an objective, scientific, evidence-based process for planning statistical quality control (SQC) procedures based on quality required for a test, precision and bias observed for a measurement procedure, probabilities of error detection and false rejection for different control rules and numbers o...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/aqy158
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Peritoneal mesothelial cysts have been reported under various terms, including benign cystic mesothelioma, usually in the form of case reports/series, whereas extraperitoneal cases are rarely reported. Our objective was to report the detailed characteristics of cystic lesions of the serosal cavities. METHOD...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/aqaa189
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urine cultures represent 40-50% of specimens processed by hospital clinical microbiology laboratories. An accurate rapid screening method to detect positive urine cultures could greatly improve laboratory efficiency. Three hundred eighty-two unselected urines were screened by nephelometry at 2, 4, and 5 hours of shaki...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/77.3.305
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delta checking is a laboratory information system (LIS)-based tool that detects patient and laboratory quality control errors. By using hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) data, we developed a novel approach to summarizing and presenting patient Delta values to address limitations of current Delta check algorithms. Delta values we...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1309/VM6FVF6GGCYYJ9BV
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In five patients with eosinophilia and myeloproliferative disorders, the IgE levels were normal, and immune complexes were not detected. In contrast, in six patients with reactive eosinophilia accompanying immunologic diseases, the IgE levels were elevated in five, and immune complexes were elevated in two. Five of si...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/79.3.301
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report 2 cases of splenic postchemotherapy histiocyte-rich pseudotumor. Each patient had a history of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, treated with multiagent chemotherapy. Computed tomography scans performed on both patients showed splenic masses. A positron emission tomography scan performed on 1 patient showed inc...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1309/AJCPC67QOGJXCEZB
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objectives:Free light chain (FLC) measurement gained a lot of interest for diagnostic workup of monoclonal gammopathy. Methods:We evaluated the performance of turbidimetric polyclonal Freelite (The Binding Site, Birmingham, UK) assays on Cobas 6000 (Roche Diagnostics, Rotkreuz, Switzerland) and nephelometric monoclona...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/aqx037
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown that the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 reacts with a nuclear antigen that is expressed only by proliferating cells. The feasibility of using image analysis to quantitate Ki-67 staining (proliferation index [PI]) of epithelial ovarian cancers was investigated. The PI was determined in 50 advanced-stage pr...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/99.6.736
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated a more efficient method of processing liquid-based cervical cytology specimens for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing by Hybrid Capture II (HCII). Aliquots were made from 701 specimens in the following sequence: 4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, and 1.5 mL. The 4.0-mL aliquot was processed by the standard method (S...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence and characteristics of intracellular immunoglobulin inclusions in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are described. Lymphoma cells from three patients with immunoblastic sarcoma contained classic cytoplasmic, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive Russell bodies. Immunoperoxidase staining revealed monoclonal IgG (k) ...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/69.1.306
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparative study of large cell lymphoma (LCL) (ten B and ten T), Hodgkin's disease (15 cases), and true histiocytic lymphoma (two cases) was undertaken, using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections, a panel of eight antibodies, and one lectin to determine if any particular antibody or immunologic profile ...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/86.5.591
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is said that HER2/neu expression by immunohistochemical analysis varies with the time of fixation. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the impact of the length of fixation in 10% buffered formalin on the expression of HER2/neu by immunohistochemical analysis. We studied tissue samples from 10 invasive ...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1309/AJCPAIJPSN4A9MJI
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors evaluated the Yellow IRIS automated urinalysis instrument (International Remote Imaging Systems, Chatsworth, CA 91311) in terms of its analytic performance as well as its ease of use. The Yellow IRIS is a system using automated intelligence microscopy (AIM), coupled with a dipstick reader and specific grav...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/86.5.661
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of small gas bubbles in devices used to collect blood gas samples is considered. A gas bubble whose relative volume is 0.5 to 1% or more that of the liquid in the collection device is a potential source of significant error. Relationships describing the possible magnitude of this error are derived and sub...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ajcp/65.2.242
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nineteen patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were found to have a pericentric inversion of chromosome 16. All were classified as having acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4) according to French-American-British Cooperative Group (FAB) criteria. Consistent abnormalities of marrow eosinophils were present. In 15 of...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/81.6.733
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the data for the 1969 to 1973 CAP Surveys of proficiency in partial thromboplastin time (PTT) determination indicates more than desirable variability in this measurement. Non-activated procedures show greater interlaboratory variability than activated methods; therefore, they may be preferable for routine ...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidant-antioxidant balance is known to regulate growth factors and invasion of tumor cells. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), copper zinc SOD (CuZnSOD), and extracellular SOD (ECSOD), the first-line antioxidant defenses, were studied in lung carcinomas by immunohistochemical analysis (n = 139, 56, and 37, respe...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1309/A45Q-HB0Q-RRX6-CT9A
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunochemical characterization of the light chains of the mesangial immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposits were studied in 45 patients with IgA nephropathy. Kappa and lambda light chains were detected with direct immunofluorescence (IF) method, using monospecific rabbit anti-human anti-kappa and anti-lambda anti-sera. T...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/85.5.548
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A single oral dose of tetracycline deposits in bone and is readily identified with fluorescence microscopy. Two such time-spaced labels can be used to determine bone dynamic features. This is as accurate as conventional three-day labeling periods. The simplicity, improved compliance, and substantial reduction in time ...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/91.6.682
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anemia developing during the course of chronic renal disease is a frequent complication often necessitating periodic transfusion therapy. A number of etiologic factors have been implicated, including decreased production of erythropoietin; decreased erythrocyte life span secondary to uremia and splenomegaly; increased...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/65.1.73
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed anecdotal evidence that parenteral iron therapy is associated with a characteristic pattern of iron staining in bone marrow aspirate smears. In this pattern, uniform blue granules are observed within reticuloendothelial cells/stromal cells with Prussian blue staining, many times in curvilinear arrays. To ...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1309/WEDK7D1P7YPT8G0F
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, 2 patient populations, using different elution strategies, were compared to evaluate eluate yields under more and less restrictive conditions. An informative eluate was defined as one in which an antibody that could be clinically significant was detected in the eluate but was not detectable in the plasm...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1309/AJCPRVDCKI5CE2CH
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poor core laboratory performance that causes delays in diagnosis and treatment is an impediment to optimal patient care, particularly in high-volume patient care areas such as the emergency department (ED). To evaluate the impact of laboratory performance on patient care outcomes, we obtained data from 11 hospitals re...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1309/E9QP-VQ6G-2FBV-MJ3B
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although prednisolone is the most common immunosuppressive agent used in renal transplantation, an accurate formulation of the optimal dose regimen remains to be established. A sensitive and precise radioimmunoassay was developed for this purpose. Fifty microliters of 1:20 dilutions of serum or 1:200 dilutions of urin...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/73.6.804
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors report two cases of vernix caseosa peritonitis, an infrequent complication of cesarean section with distinctive histopathologic findings. Both patients underwent exploratory laparotomy for unexplained abdominal pain after cesarean section. Histopathologic evaluation of surgically removed tissue revealed an...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/103.6.681
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although some studies have examined the expression of aberrant markers such as CD2, CD7, CD10, CD13, CD33, and CD34 on B cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), a uniform multiparametric analysis of the frequency of expression of these markers using stringent criteria is lacking. By...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1309/4AGU-T3LK-EURD-7T7K
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred fifty-two patients with amyloid in the tenosynovium who had carpal tunnel release were identified. Twenty-eight patients were excluded because of systemic amyloidosis: primary systemic amyloidosis (AL) in 24, secondary amyloidosis (AA) in 3, and familial amyloidosis (AF) in 1. The remaining 124 patients (8...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ajcp/91.4.393
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors have assessed the clinical value of an "accurate" band count as a correlate to infection in 33 patients with a culture proven bacterial infection and a normal total leukocyte count. Thirty hematologically normal outpatients, presumably with no infections, were selected for the control group. Manual 500 cel...
journal_title:American journal of clinical pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ajcp/102.5.646
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00