Abstract:
:The Ig heavy chain (IgH) locus is controlled by multiple regulatory sequences mapping both within the IgH transcription unit (E mu) and downstream (3') of IgH coding sequences (hs3a, hs1,2, hs3b and hs4). Enhancer knockout studies in mice have implicated E mu in the control of IgH variable region gene assembly, but single-enhancer knockouts involving the 3' IgH enhancers have yet to shed light on their function. Transfection studies in mice and cell lines have suggested that the 3' enhancers behave similarly to a locus control region as first identified in the beta-globin locus. We have exploited this property to form mini-loci in a surface Ig(+) and an Ig-secreting cell line as a means for studying the functions of the 3' IgH enhancers. Importantly, this experimental system allows for the analysis of enhancer function within the context of chromatin. The mini-loci consisted of an Ig gamma 2b transcription unit linked to the four murine 3' IgH enhancers. Using targeted deletions of enhancer pairs within these mini-loci, we have discovered a critical and apparently developmentally regulated role for the hs3b/hs4 enhancer pair in IgH transgene expression.
journal_name
Int Immunoljournal_title
International immunologyauthors
Shi X,Eckhardt LAdoi
10.1093/intimm/13.8.1003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-08-01 00:00:00pages
1003-12issue
8eissn
0953-8178issn
1460-2377journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Eye-derived antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are known to contribute to the immune privilege status of the eye by inducing a form of peripheral tolerance that deviates T(h)1 type of pro-inflammatory immune responses. Similar systemic tolerance can also be induced by non-ocular APCs exposed to transforming growth factor...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxl006
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::STAT6, NF-kappaB (p50) and C/EBPbeta transcription factors (TF) were examined with respect to CD23 regulation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), competition and supershift analysis demonstrated that STAT6 binds the CD23a promoter but with a lower affinity than the consensus site. STAT6-/- mice were analyzed...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/10.10.1529
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using Ia antigen-containing lipid vesicles, we investigated by stopped-flow fluorometry the requirements for helper T cell recognition and activation. When azobenzenearsonate-L-tyrosine (ABA-L-Tyr)-specific, I-Ak-restricted helper T cell hybridomas 2-45-12 were mixed with ABA-L-Tyr and purified I-Ak molecules on lipid...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/2.6.509
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The course and severity of lupus in spontaneous murine lupus models varies among laboratories, which may be due to variations in diet, housing and/or local environmental conditions. In this study, we investigated the influence of common rodent diets while keeping other factors constant. Female lupus-prone MRL/lpr (MRL...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxx033
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is involved both in immune responses and in inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism and embryonic development. IL-6 plays roles in chronic inflammation (closely related to chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer) and even in the cytokine storm of corona virus disease 201...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxaa078
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA of normal mouse thymocytes with a JH4 probe, a probe for JH4 of Igh genes, consistently showed a second band in addition to a germline band. The same band was also observed in analysis with a 5' DQ probe, a 5'-flanking sequence of DQ52, thus suggesting the use of DQ52. By analyzin...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/1.6.643
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis is a major mechanism whereby HIV-1 depletes uninfected CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We previously showed that resting peripheral blood T cells derived from healthy donors were killed by an apoptotic mechanism after adsorption to gp120-containing, protease-defective HIV-1 (L-2) particles, more effectively than pare...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/9.10.1453
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metazoan species, from sponges to insects and mammals, possess successful defence systems against their pathogens and parasites. The evolutionary origins of these diverse systems are beginning to be more comprehensively investigated and mapped out. We have collected 1811 metazoan immunity genes from literature and gen...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxm109
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::T lymphocytes (pivotal in many inflammatory pathologies) are targets for glucocorticoid hormone (GC). How TCR-mediated activation and GC signaling via glucocorticoid receptor (GR) impact on T-cell fates is not fully defined. We delineated here the expression of a recently identified glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh134
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vascularized organ transplantation, vascular endothelial cells (EC) confronting recipient T cells are potentially significant APC initiating cellular immune responses that lead to rejection. In the present study, we studied the ability of human EC to stimulate allogeneic T cells and the co-stimulatory molecules inv...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/7.8.1331
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus suis capsular type 2 is an important swine pathogen and an agent of zoonosis. Although meningitis is the most common form of disease, septicemia and septic shock are also frequently reported. Despite reports that CD14 is involved in the recognition of encapsulated S. suis by host cells, the mechanisms un...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxm003
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal human sera contained 10-60 ng/ml of soluble membrane cofactor protein (MCP, CD46) whereas sera of > 50% of the cancer patients contained > 60 ng/ml. MCP purified by immunoaffinity chromatography from both normal and cancer patients' sera consisted of three bands of 56, 47 and 29 kDa on SDS-PAGE/immunoblotting. ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/7.5.727
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::bcl-2 transgenic mice develop anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA antibodies similar to those present in systemic lupus erythematosus. To begin to understand where a breakdown in the regulation of autoreactive lymphocytes is occurring, we have used a bcl-2 transgene (Tg) in conjunction with an Ig Tg that allows us to identi...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/12.3.353
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intravenous sensitization of C57BL/6 (B6) mice with class II H-2-disparate B6-C-H-2bm12(bm12) resting B cells induced anti-bm12 CD4+ T cell tolerance as shown by hyporesponsiveness in the anti-bm12 mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The present study investigated the mechanism(s) of the failure of bm12 B cells to stimul...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/8.2.159
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we analyzed peripheral blood CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) lymphocytes in adult cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Forty of 55 monkeys had > 5% of the peripheral blood DP subpopulation (9.3 +/- 5.9%; mean +/- SD) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in contrast to a low percentage of peripheral ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/9.4.591
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has proven difficult to evaluate the functional potential of germinal center (GC) B cells, including those from Peyer's patches (PP), by either in vivo or in vitro methods. Thus, rather than assess secreted Ig product as an indicator of functional potential we have instead sought to detect mRNAs related to the vari...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/3.12.1253
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dynamic behaviour of isolated populations of peritoneal LPS-reactive (LPSr) B lymphocytes was studied upon transfer of peritoneal cells (PerC) from C57BL/6 LPS responder into C57BL/10ScCr LPS non-responder mice. We have followed the persistence and life-span of the transferred LPSr donor B cells in the spleen and ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/2.1.73
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DC) are potent antigen-presenting cells and understanding their mechanisms of antigen uptake is important for loading DC with antigen for immunotherapy. The multilectin receptors, DEC-205 and macrophage mannose receptor (MMR), are potential antigen-uptake receptors; therefore, we examined their expres...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/12.11.1511
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::SCID mice are profoundly immunodeficient, resulting from an inability to carry out the V(D)J recombination reaction during both B cell and T cell development. Recently, however, it was revealed that normal rearrangement frequently did occur in the TCR delta and gamma chain loci in the SCID thymus. To evaluate whether ...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/8.7.1045
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) in respiratory tract tissues provide a first line of defense against invading pathogens. These cells often secrete IgA that is efficiently transcytosed across epithelial barriers into the airway lumen where pathogens can be blocked at their point of entry. Previous literature has report...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxw035
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heat shock protein (Hsp) 60 is thought to function as endogenous danger signal by activating professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) through toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and CD14, a mechanism that is also used by bacterial LPS. We recently showed that Hsp60 binds LPS and enhances LPS-induced immune stimulation. On t...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxn003
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gelatin sponge model of concomitant tumor immunity was employed in order to examine the clonality of T cells associated with progressing and rejected tumor sites. Here we show that freshly isolated T cells bearing TCR V(beta)1, CDR3 RPGTGN, J(beta)1.1 and TCR V(beta)8, CDR3 GD, J(beta)1.6 predominated progressing an...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/12.5.639
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The TCR is responsible for the specificity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) by recognizing peptides presented in the context of MHC. By producing recombinant soluble TCR, it is possible to study this interaction at the molecular level. We generated single-chain TCR (scTCR) from tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/11.5.745
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the involvement of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-alpha in allograft rejection, we investigated the effect of a novel selective agonist to the receptor, ER-38925, in a mouse cardiac allograft model. Prophylactic treatment with ER-38925 inhibited the acute rejection of the mouse cardiac allograft (BALB/c -...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxh066
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Taking advantage of the recently demonstrated presence of N-aminopeptidases and the serine protease dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (DPP IV) at the surface of human myeloblastic HL-60 cells, the regulation of these protease activities in HL-60 cell differentiation has been assessed using combined spectrophotometric and f...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/5.8.965
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is one of the major causes of lethality and disability, yet few effective therapies have been established for ischemic stroke. Inflammation in the ischemic brain is induced by the infiltration and subsequent activation of immune cells. Loss of cerebral blood flow and ischemic brain-cell death trigger the activa...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxaa027
更新日期:2020-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphocytes circulate in a quiescent (G(0)) state until they encounter specific antigens. In T cells, quiescence is programmed by transcription factors of the forkhead box O (FOXO) and Krüppel-like factor (KLF) families. However, the transcription factors that regulate B cell quiescence are not known. KLF4 is a candid...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxn024
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphokine activity in seven myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific T cell clones was examined. All of the clones recognize MBP peptide 1-9 in the context of I-Au. A strong positive correlation was found between levels of lymphotoxin (LT) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA and biological activity on L929 ce...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/2.6.539
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::HLA class II molecules present superantigens more efficiently than their murine counterpart. Therefore, transgenic mice expressing HLA-DQ8 with and without CD28 were used to address the role of CD28 in staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-driven immune responses. SEB-induced in vitro proliferation of naive DQ8.CD28(-/-)...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/dxf047
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Converging data suggest an important role for IL-7 in T lymphocyte maturation as illustrated by the severe T lymphopenia observed in IL-7-deficient mice. We recently reported that IL-7 preferentially promotes the in vitro expansion of a discrete MHC class I-dependent lymphocyte subset comprising both CD4+ and CD4-CD8-...
journal_title:International immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/intimm/8.11.1751
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00