Abstract:
:Post-traumatic invasion of macrophages into the cochlear nerve of the rat and measurement of how their invasion was modified by the administration of methylprednisolone were investigated for the first time by using a reproducible and quantifiable experimental model of cochlear nerve injury. Two weeks after precise cochlear nerve compression, a massive invasion of ED1 immunostained macrophages was observed at the compressed portion of the cochlear nerve, and this invasion of macrophages was markedly reduced in the rats to which methylprednisolone had been administered during the pre- and post-compression period. Concomitantly, the residual number of spiral ganglion cells was found to be greater in the compression+methylprednisolone group than in the control compression group. The tissue loss observed in the lesion epicenter was also significantly less in the compression+methylprednisolone group than in the control compression group. The results of our present study demonstrated the effectiveness of methylprednisolone treatment to ameliorate trauma induced cochlear nerve degeneration in the acute phase. However, these results may reflect the sum effects of methylprednisolone on macrophages, including both its beneficial effect by inhibiting the negative aspects of macrophages through attenuating macrophage recruitment to the lesion site, and at the same time an undesirable effect by sacrificing the positive aspects of macrophage function. Moreover, one reservation should be added that the protective effects of steroid to injured cochlear nerve may have operated via a pathway not related to macrophage function. Besides macrophages, various cells and factors participate in the process of CNS injury, and their effects may potentially work either positively or negatively with respect to CNS protection and regeneration at each particular time during the on-going process of CNS injury. Therefore, future investigation in CNS injury should be directed toward understanding such complex mechanisms involved in this process.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Sekiya T,Tanaka M,Shimamura N,Suzuki Sdoi
10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02523-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-06-29 00:00:00pages
152-60issue
1-2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006-8993(01)02523-9journal_volume
905pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Peripheral nerve injury induces changes in gene expressions of a variety of neuroactive substances in cell somata, which may have roles in the adaptive response to the injury, neuronal survival, growth and regeneration. In this study, we designed a rat model of ischemic peripheral facial paralysis with a selective emb...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03319-9
更新日期:2001-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::While genetic predisposition is a major factor, it is not known how development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is modulated by early life stress. The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) displays the behavioral characteristics of ADHD (poorly sustained attention, impulsivity, hyperactivity) and is ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.11.019
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we report the localization of the Rev-ErbA alpha and beta nuclear orphan receptors, two closely related members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, in the brain. Both Rev-ErbA variant mRNAs were highly expressed in the olfactory bulb, the hippocampus, and in the granular cells of the cer...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(96)00507-0
更新日期:1996-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::The role of descending monoaminergic pathways in the antinociceptive effect of baclofen following intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration was investigated by determining the effect of intrathecal (i.t.) administration of neurotoxins [6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT)] and receptor antagoni...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90279-3
更新日期:1985-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Recent reports have identified discrepancies between the anatomical distribution of transmitters and their receptors, a phenomenon known as transmitter-receptor mismatch. However, quantitative determinations of transmitter activity and receptor density in individual brain regions have not been conducted in parallel. W...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90038-8
更新日期:1988-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been hypothesized to be involved in the pathophysiology of anxiety, depression, cognitive and feeding disorders. Two distinct CRF receptor subtypes, CRFR1 and CRFR2, are thought to mediate CRF actions in the CNS. However, the role for each receptor subtype in animal models of n...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01158-5
更新日期:1999-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the effect of short-term and long-term adrenalectomy (ADX) on the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression, we performed an immunohistochemical study on the rat forebrain. One day after ADX, the GR-immunoreactivity significantly decreased or disappeared in most forebrain structures, while relatively strong G...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::The interposed nuclei (IN) of the intermediate cerebellum are critical components of the circuits that control associative learning of eyeblinks and other defensive reflexes in mammals. The IN, which represent the sole output of the intermediate cerebellum, receive massive GABAergic input from Purkinje cells of the ce...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.07.053
更新日期:2009-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::The retinoblastoma protein (pRb) is a key regulator of cell growth, differentiation and survival. pRb(-/-) mice show abnormal neuronal cell death in the developing brain. The function of pRb is regulated by its phosphorylation state. In this study, the phosphorylation of pRb during retinoic acid (RA)-induced neuronal ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01844-2
更新日期:1999-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Positron emission tomography, using the dopa analogue [18F]6-fluoro-L-dopa, has been used to depict the neostriatum in living monkeys. The amount of 18F that accumulated preferentially in the striatum could be augmented by a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor. Striatal 18F could also be discharged with reserpine. This...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)91187-3
更新日期:1983-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::In tasks involving the learning of verbal or non-verbal sequences, groupings are spontaneously produced. These groupings are generally marked by a lengthening of final elements and have been attributed to a domain-general perceptual chunking linked to working memory. Yet, no study has shown how this domain-general chu...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.032
更新日期:2015-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic AMP is a second messenger by which different extracellular signals are transduced into biological responses. Within the cell, most of the effects of cAMP are mediated through the cAMP protein kinase which appears to be localized in specific compartments of the cell near to their substrate proteins. In the prese...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90244-h
更新日期:1993-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::The localization of human hand primary motor area (M1) has been the object of several studies during the last decades. EEG source analysis, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and focal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are non-invasive methods for localizing M1 with good accuracy compared to direct ele...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.10.042
更新日期:2010-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Because considerable work has implicated the basal ganglia in oral-ingestive behavior, an assessment was made of the effects of trigeminal stimuli upon entopeduncular single units. Units wre recorded extracellularly in awake, paralyzed and locally anesthetized cats. The effects of two types of sensory input were teste...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(78)90194-4
更新日期:1978-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Pineal glands of male Syrian hamsters stimulated in vivo with isoproterenol (ISO) for 4 h before the onset of darkness showed a 4-h advance in the timing of the nighttime increases in both N-acetyltransferase activity and melatonin levels. When ISO (1 mg/kg) was administered every 2 h to animals kept in light during t...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90633-6
更新日期:1988-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::A pair of neurons exhibiting postinhibitory rebound, if connected through reciprocally inhibitory chemical synapses, will exhibit a stable pattern of alternating bursts. If two such oscillating pairs, of similar but not identical properties are connected by means of an electrical synapse and an inhibitory chemical syn...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)90742-3
更新日期:1981-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::ATP has been recognized as an important extracellular signaling molecule and P2X receptors are membrane ion channels activated by the binding of extracellular ATP. Since both AQP4 and P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) are known to be present in astrocytes, we examined whether P2X7R activation plays a role in the regulation of AQP...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.12.023
更新日期:2008-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose transporter (GLUT) 4 plays an important role in insulin-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue. Although GLUT4 is abundant in the hypothalamus as well as in these peripheral tissues, little is known about the role of GLUT4 in the hypothalamus. In this study, we examined the subcellu...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.04.079
更新日期:2005-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal rats were exposed to lead from parturition to weaning via the milk of dams drinking 0.2% lead acetate solution. The alterations of long-term potentiation (LTP) and paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) of hippocampal dentate gyrus in adult rats (90-115 days) following developmental lead exposure were studied in viv...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00739-2
更新日期:1998-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the electrophysiological properties of cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurons in the medial septum-diagonal band complex (MSDB) of the rat in the in vitro slice preparation. Cells were identified electrophysiologically, filled with Lucifer yellow, fixed and processed for immunohistochemistry with fluoresc...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91106-q
更新日期:1990-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate whether a task rule carried over from the preceding trial modifies an early portion of the stimulus-locked lateralized readiness potential (sLRP), participants were asked to perform two different flanker tasks that were switched. One task required a left-hand response for a central letter "H" in a five-...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.05.050
更新日期:2010-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::A study of complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) activity in Parkinson's disease (PD) brain has identified loss of activity only in substantia nigra although loss of activity of this enzyme has been identified in a number of non-brain tissues. We investigated this paradox by studying complex I and other complexes...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.10.061
更新日期:2008-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of inward-rectifying membrane currents in immature rat olfactory cortex neurones (postnatal day (P) 10-22) were analysed using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. In 78% of cells (40/51), injection of hyperpolarizing current pulses elicited graded electrotonic potentials showing a slowly developing sag i...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01067-1
更新日期:1998-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Current responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and to suberyldicholine (D-6) applied from the double-barrelled ionophoretic micropipette were studied in two identified neurones (LPed-2 and LPed-3) isolated from the left ganglion of pulmonate mollusc, Planorbarius corneus. Experiments made with K2SO4-filled microelectrodes s...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)91232-x
更新日期:1982-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::The time-course of intracellular glutathione (GSH) values after incubation with L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO), a selective inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, showed that glutathione turns over with a half-life of 5 h. Intracellular GSH was assayed by flow cytometry using three different methods. As...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)91264-s
更新日期:1993-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::L-3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) has been widely used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), but its pharmacokinetics in the striatum have hardly been investigated, especially in primates. In this study, we examined the concentration of L-dopa in plasma and in the extracellular fluid (ECF) of the striatu...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2003.08.065
更新日期:2003-12-12 00:00:00
abstract::Microinjection of bicuculline (Bic) into the unilateral putamen (Put) of the cat resulted in periodic occurrence of contralateral movement of the head (dystonia). Corresponding to this dystonic movement, repetitive spikes of the field potential occurring in the Put of the injected side and strong inhibition of the ext...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00190-2
更新日期:1995-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the temporal appearance of c-fos expression in rat cerebella from birth to postnatal day 21 (P21) and following systemic kainic acid administration in adults. During development, Fos positive granule cells appeared first at P3 in caudal lobules and extended to all folia by P9. These reactive cells ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00263-7
更新日期:1998-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::A short-acting non-barbiturate intravenous general anaesthetic, etomidate, when administered i.v. lowered serum prolactin levels in the rat. The effect was evident at rest, after surgical stress or after injection of 5-hydroxytryptophan. Haloperidol-induced hyperprolactinaemia was not modified. Administered via the in...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)90306-2
更新日期:1983-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::In auditory speech processing, phonological stress functions as an attention holding cue, which facilitates detection of mispronunciations and phonetic deviants in strong syllables as compared to weak ones. Whereas silent reading involves activation of phonological information including word stress, it is not clear wh...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.01.003
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00