Abstract:
:The ability of immunotherapy with heat-killed Mycobacterium vaccae (NCTC 11659), as an addition to the available chemotherapy, to improve the outcome in patients with multi-drug-resistant tubercle bacilli (MDRTB) who had not been cured by chemotherapy alone was evaluated in tuberculosis centres in Estonia, Iran, Kuwait, New Zealand, Romania, Vietnam and the U.K. A total of 337 patients in the above countries received intradermal injections of M. vaccae in addition to chemotherapy. Patients were grouped according to the length of their histories of disease: less than or greater than 2 years duration. Initially, single doses of M. vaccae were given but subsequently up to 12 doses at 2-month intervals were given. Chemotherapy varied from isoniazid alone to drugs selected according to susceptibility tests. Most patients had failed to respond to repeated courses of chemotherapy and the majority, were expected to die from their disease. Results were assessed by sputum smear and culture and by clinical observations. Cured patients were followed for 18-24 months to exclude relapse. Eighteen of 22 (82%) patients with disease for less than 2 years were bacteriologically cured by one or two doses of M. vaccae. Among 315 chronic patients, 24 (7.6%) were cured after one dose, 37.9% after seven doses and 41.6% after 12 doses. Sixty-six chronic patients were lost to follow-up, or died, during the multi-dose regimens. Nine of 33 patients (27%) with advanced disease unaffected by several courses of chemotherapy and discharged on isoniazid alone in Vietnam were cured by 3-12 injections of M. vaccae. The data provide preliminary evidence that the addition of immunotherapy with M. vaccae to chemotherapy improves the rate of cure of MDRTB, most effectively in patients with short histories of disease, but multiple dosing can have beneficial effects in chronic patients in whom chemotherapy has failed. A randomized clinical trial of this immunotherapy in MDRTB patients is therefore required.
journal_name
Respir Medjournal_title
Respiratory medicineauthors
Stanford JL,Stanford CA,Grange JM,Lan NN,Etemadi Adoi
10.1053/rmed.2001.1065subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-06-01 00:00:00pages
444-7issue
6eissn
0954-6111issn
1532-3064pii
S0954-6111(01)91065-0journal_volume
95pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究abstract::Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a frequent complication in immunocompromised patients. The role of the prolonged use of steroids in predisposing to invasive aspergillosis has been recognized, but exceptionally described in asthmatic patients. We report the case of a 59-year-old woman with bronchial asthma treated ...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0954-6111(95)90198-1
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and its effect on long-term survival in bronchiectasis subjects has not been explored. The present study aims to analyze the factors associated with PH and its effect on long-term survival in bronchiectasis subjects. METHODS:We prospectively evaluated 23 bronch...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2016.08.027
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is logical to look upon the nose and the bronchi as integrated parts of one 'united airway' and we would like to advance the hypothesis that optimal management of airway disease, caused by inhaled allergens, may necessitate control of inflammation in all parts of the airways. Nasal inflammation can aggravate asthma...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0954-6111(98)90306-7
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Holding chambers or spacers can enhance the efficacy of pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDI) in delivering inhaled medications, as they reduce the need for hand-breath coordination and improve lower airways deposition. Nevertheless, their cost can be high for patients in low-income countries. OBJECTIVE:...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2017.03.017
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Dental caries and respiratory tract infections are among the most common infectious diseases worldwide and they both are appearing in the respiratory system. However, their relations are still unclear. This study investigated the association of dental caries on the risk of lower respiratory tract infection...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2019.09.002
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) improves muscle performance and exercise tolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. In contrast, no study has assessed the effect of NMES on dynamic hyperinflation (DH) in COPD. This study investigated the effect of short-term, high-frequen...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2013.12.013
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Although high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is useful for the characterization of minute morphological changes in the lungs, no study has investigated risk factors for lung involvement detected by HRCT in patients with Sjögren's syndrome with or without respiratory symptoms. The aim of the current stu...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2018.02.023
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maximal inspiratory (PImax) and expiratory (PEmax) mouth pressures were measured in seven normal adults in both sitting and half-lying positions on 2 days. Analysis of variance did not reveal significant differences between measurements made in the two positions for either PImax or PEmax. Measurements were repeatable ...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0954-6111(06)80081-8
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate impact of distribution of computed tomography (CT) emphysema on severity of airflow limitation and gas exchange impairment in current and former heavy smokers participating in a lung cancer screening trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In total 875 current and former heavy smokers underwent baseline lo...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2009.08.004
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Proper inhaler technique is essential to maximize the benefit of medications and improve asthma outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate newly developed pictogram-incorporated medals and their utility on improving the inhaler techniques in asthmatic patients. METHODS:A prospective, an open label, randomized control...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2018.09.004
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we aimed to estimate direct medical costs of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) by disease type; chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This study estimates direct costs in 1996 dollars using a prevalence approach and both aggregate and microcosting. A societal perspective is taken using prevalence,...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/rmed.1999.0720
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::During an epidemiological investigation of asthma in an occupational setting, 1126 subjects completed a modified Medical Research Council respiratory questionnaire, then underwent airway responsiveness measurements as PD20FEV1 to methacholine. Previous experience of bronchoconstriction was assessed in the 481 subjects...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0954-6111(95)90245-7
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Citric acid has been used as a cough provocation test for decades. However, the methods of administration have not been standardized. Inhaled mannitol is a novel cough provocation test, which has regulatory approval and can be performed utilizing a simple disposable inhaler in a standardized manner. OBJECTIV...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2019.09.011
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intermittent ICS treatment with SABA in response to symptoms, is an emerging strategy for control of mild-to-moderate asthma, and recurrent wheezing. This systematic revue compares the efficacy of daily vs. intermittent ICS among preschoolers, children and adults with persistent wheezing and mild to moderate...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2013.05.005
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To examine tobacco use among teenagers, identify factors related to tobacco use, as well as evaluate the outcome of a smoking prevention program. METHODS:From age 7/8 to 14/15, annual questionnaires about asthma and allergy have been completed in the OLIN paediatric study in Northern Sweden. From 12/13 years, ques...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2006.07.001
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examined the association between different adiposity indices and pulmonary function in Chinese adults in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS). METHODS:Participants with body mass index (BMI) < 18.5 (underweight) were excluded. Adiposity indices including BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist hip ratio...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2017.10.003
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to establish the protection afforded by regular salmeterol use against induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients, a meta-analysis was conducted on nine double-blind clinical trials that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In each trial, subjects were randomly assigned to receive either salmeterol 5...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/s0954-6111(98)90012-9
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) is a ventilatory technique that delivers bursts of high-flow respiratory gas into the lung at high rates, intended for treating acute respiratory failure and for mobilization of secretions. We performed a study, aimed at assessing the physiological response to IPV, on patien...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2006.01.010
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose was to compare the short-term cost-effectiveness of intensive vs conventional education and supervision for the self-management of mild asthmatic patients. Consecutive newly diagnosed asthmatic patients (n = 162) were randomized into an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG) with 1 yr of treatmen...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0954-6111(98)90113-5
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the accuracy of impulse oscillometry (IOS) combined with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) to assess asthma control among preschool children. METHODS:A total of 79 preschool children(3-6 year old) with asthma and 25 healthy preschool children who visited a paediatrician were enro...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2018.10.009
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the efficacy of oral theophylline compared with placebo in people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS:Systematic review of randomized-controlled trials comparing oral theophylline with placebo for a minimum of 7 days in people with stable COPD. RESULTS:Twenty rand...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2004.10.009
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sick building syndrome has been the subject of research for approximately 10 years. Although it is often suggested that symptoms in office workers are due to circulating micro-organisms or particles, epidemiological studies investigating the relationship between them have been lacking. This cross-sectional study h...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0954-6111(06)80060-0
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To document the rate and cost of antibiotic prescribing for patients diagnosed only with influenza during US ambulatory care visits. Federal survey data for 1997-2001 were used to estimate outpatient trends for all patients and healthy people age 5-49 years. Cost estimates were based on Medicare payments and Red Book ...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2004.03.021
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:For patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), there is limited real-world data on patient journey and treatment patterns. AIM:To explore predictors of early diagnosis and treatment initiation, and treatment patterns in IPF patients using linked data from Swedish registers and electronic medical rec...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2019.06.001
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A previous study in the Liverpool district on patients receiving long term oxygen treatment using a domiciliary oxygen concentrator showed that only 55% were both using oxygen therapy correctly and had stopped smoking. To try and identify which factors influence patient behaviour, all 55 patients in this district rece...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0954-6111(08)80062-5
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Interstitial lung disease is a common extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA-ILD) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, limited data exist regarding predictors of mortality. We sought to examine the prognostic value of the high-resolution computed tomography (HR...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2017.03.027
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beclometasone dipropionate (BDP) extrafine is a hydrofluoroalkane-based, chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-free inhalation aerosol. This study was conducted to determine whether BDP extrafine and CFC-fluticasone proprionate (FP) aerosols were equivalent in terms of efficacy and tolerability in children with symptomatic mild-to...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2006.11.020
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:COPD is a highly prevalent disease but underdiagnosed, undertreated and possibly under-recognized by patients. Limited information exists regarding patients' perception of COPD severity. We compared patients' general health status perception, degree of breathlessness and physical activity limitation with the...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2009.03.005
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Asthma treatment per Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines targets airway remodeling and achievement of normal lung function. OBJECTIVE:To study inhaled steroid therapy on airway remodeling and achievement of normal lung function. SUBJECTS AND SET UP: Asthmatic patients were followed over 5 years ....
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2005.06.011
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is an increasing body of evidence suggesting that altered vascular permeability may be an important component of the pathogenesis of acute mountain sickness (AMS). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent permeability factor subject to hypoxic regulation but its role in the pathogenesis of AMS is ye...
journal_title:Respiratory medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2006.06.014
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00