Transforming growth factor-beta activated during exercise in brain depresses spontaneous motor activity of animals. Relevance To central fatigue.

abstract：:Post-hypoxic myoclonus is a movement disorder characterized by brief, sudden involuntary muscle jerks. Although the mechanism underlying this disorder remains unclear, earlier pharmacological studies indicated that aberrant activity of specific neuronal circuitry in the central nervous system causes this disorder. In ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tai KK,Truong DD

更新日期：2005-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Buffy coat of three members from a family with Alzheimer's disease was inoculated into hamster brains. Eighteen months after the inoculation, all experimental animals were sacrificed for the neuropathological study. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed no gross vacuolar degeneration, or neuronal loss in the cortex. The s...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Takeda M,Nishimura T,Kudo T,Tanimukai S,Tada K

更新日期：1991-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus may play an integral role in complex cognitive and social deficits associated with a number of psychiatric illnesses including autism, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. We used localized infusions of adeno-associa...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Finlay JM,Dunham GA,Isherwood AM,Newton CJ,Nguyen TV,Reppar PC,Snitkovski I,Paschall SA,Greene RW

更新日期：2015-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhyme processing is reflected in the electrophysiological signals of the brain as a negative deflection for non-rhyming as compared to rhyming stimuli around 450 ms after stimulus onset. Studies have shown that this N450 component is not solely sensitive to rhyme but also responds to other types of phonological overla...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wagensveld B,Segers E,Alphen Pv,Hagoort P,Verhoeven L

更新日期：2012-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction of glutamatergic and dopamine neurotransmission is thought to have relevance to both the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia. For example, subanesthetic doses of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) antagonist ketamine induce schizophrenia-like behavioral effects in humans and bo...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Miyamoto S,Mailman RB,Lieberman JA,Duncan GE

更新日期：2001-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Appetite suppressants lose efficacy when given chronically; the mechanisms are unknown. We gave male rats once-daily dl-fenfluramine (dl-FEN, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) injections for 15 days and measured mRNA expression of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in hypothalamic n...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Choi S,Blake V,Cole S,Fernstrom JD

更新日期：2006-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Music is an intriguing stimulus widely used in movies to increase the emotional experience. However, no brain imaging study has to date examined this enhancement effect using emotional pictures (the modality mostly used in emotion research) and musical excerpts. Therefore, we designed this functional magnetic resonanc...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Baumgartner T,Lutz K,Schmidt CF,Jäncke L

更新日期：2006-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:In pentobarbitone-anesthetized cats breathing spontaneously, we studied whether excision of one petrosal ganglion would modify the reflex efficacy of the remaining carotid and aortic chemoafferences in ventilatory control. Resting ventilation was not affected shortly after the ganglionectomy, but decreased sensitiviti...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Eugenin J,Larrain C,Zapata P

更新日期：1990-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Brief force perturbations were applied 30-120 ms prior to onset of step-tracking forearm movements by normal humans. The perturbations altered the first agonist burst of the movement-related triphasic EMG pattern. Perturbations opposing the movement resulted in an increase in the magnitude of the late part of the firs...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Brown SH,Cooke JD

更新日期：1981-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:A double-staining immunocytochemical study was done in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats that were either treated with 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) (OVX+E(2)) to produce an approximate circulating level of 30 pg/ml plasma, or not-treated with E(2) (OVX), to investigate the distribution of subfornical organ (SFO) neurons tha...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Rosas-Arellano MP,Solano-Flores LP,Ciriello J

更新日期：1999-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Male laboratory rats were raised in two colonies, each of 27 rats, and then given intraventricular injections of the norepinephrine neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or the serotonin neurotoxin 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6-DHT) or saline. They were then returned to their enclosure and behavior during the next 50 d...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ellison G

更新日期：1976-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:A study of brains of 16 dogs from one to 19 years of age showed a structure- and cell-type- specific pattern of tau protein phosphorylation at mAb Tau-1 site and the absence of phosphorylation at the mAb AT8 site. Strong immunolabeling with mAb Tau-1 of the mossy fibers and perikarya of neurons in sectors CA3 and CA4 ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wegiel J,Wisniewski HM,Sołtysiak Z

更新日期：1998-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined whether mild brain hypothermia during pretreatment with sublethal 2-min ischemia affected the tolerance to subsequent lethal 5-min ischemia. The neuronal densities in the hippocampal CA1 sector of gerbils preconditioned at mild brain hypothermia (32% of normal) were significantly lower than those in gerbil...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wada K,Miyazawa T,Katoh H,Nomura N,Yano A,Shima K,Chigasaki H

更新日期：1997-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to obtain further insight into the interactions between the purinergic and dopaminergic pathways in the striatum, we studied both metabolisms simultaneously, using a microdialysis technique in 1-methyl-1,4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) unilaterally-denervated conscious rats. In these rats the contralateral side...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ballarin M,Reiriz J,Ambrosio S,Camps M,Blesa R,Mahy N

更新日期：1989-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic variability in the behavioral responses of experimental subjects to psychostimulants such as amphetamine and cocaine have been reported. However, genetic differences in the locomotor responses of rat strains to methylphenidate (MPD), a commonly used psychostimulant in the treatment of attention deficit/hyperac...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Yang PB,Amini B,Swann AC,Dafny N

更新日期：2003-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic developmental exposure to ethanol can lead to a wide variety of teratogenic effects, which in humans are known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Individuals affected by FASD may exhibit persistent impairments to cognitive functions such as learning, memory, and attention, which are highly dependent o...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Louth EL,Luctkar HD,Heney KA,Bailey CDC

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In pentobarbitone-anesthetized cats, the spike sequences of dorsal horn neurons were recorded in response to random stimulation of branches of the suralis nerve. Combined frequency- and time-domain analysis was performed on the stimulus and spike trains. Coherence function estimates computed by spectral analysis were ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Kuipers U,Laouris Y,Kokkoroyiannis T,Meyer-Lohmann J,Windhorst U

更新日期：1988-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of the 8-alpha-amino-ergoline CU 32-085 on central dopamine neuronal systems was investigated. Two h after administration of CU 32-085 a slight increase of dopamine levels was observed in the nucleus caudatus-putamen. Radioligand binding studies in vitro have shown that CU 32-085 has a low affinity for str...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Fuxe K,Agnati L,Mascagni F,Kuga S,Helmer-Matyjek E,Goldstein M

更新日期：1985-03-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive impairment is a prevalent non-motor feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) which can present even in early stages of the disease. Impairments in executive processing and working memory (WM) are common and have been attributed, in part, to abnormalities within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and broad...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Hill AT,McModie S,Fung W,Hoy KE,Chung SW,Bertram KL

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is unclear whether spinal cord stimulation (SCS) at higher frequencies induces further increases in vasodilation and enhances clinical efficacy. OBJECTIVES:This study investigated effects of SCS at both a normal frequency (as used clinically) and two higher frequencies on peripheral vasodilation. METHOD...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Gao J,Wu M,Li L,Qin C,Farber JP,Linderoth B,Foreman RD

更新日期：2010-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Overactivation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in response to DNA damage is considered to play a crucial role in the development of post-ischemic neuronal injury, such as ischemic stroke. The present study was undertaken to clarify the beneficial effects of MP-124, a novel PARP-1 inhibitor, on neurological ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Matsuura S,Egi Y,Yuki S,Horikawa T,Satoh H,Akira T

更新日期：2011-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple-unit activity (MUA) in the agranular medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) was recorded in conscious rabbits during a classical conditioning procedure involving repeated pairings of a 4-s tone conditioned stimulus (CS) with eye shock. Prior to behavioral training, significant tone-evoked increases in prefrontal MUA ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Gibbs CM,Powell DA

更新日期：1988-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in the partial pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2) regulates cerebrovascular tone and dynamic cerebral autoregulation (CA). Elevations in PaCO2 also increases autonomic neural activity and may alter the arterial baroreflex. We hypothesized that hypercapnia would impair, and hypocapnia would improve, dynamic CA an...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Ainslie PN,Celi L,McGrattan K,Peebles K,Ogoh S

更新日期：2008-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Basal sleep amounts in adrenalectomized rats (AdX), as compared to intact animals, exhibit a significant increase in slow-wave sleep (SWS), a tendency towards an increase in paradoxical sleep (PS), and circadian rhythms (SWS and PS) flattened in amplitude. An immobilization stress (IS) of 1 h, imposed on AdX rats at t...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Bonnet C,Marinesco S,Debilly G,Kovalzon V,Cespuglio R

更新日期：2000-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural and functional alterations of the putamen have been reported in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the functional relationships between this area and other brain regions are seldom explored. In the present study, seed-based correlation analyses were performed in the resting-s...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Cao X,Cao Q,Long X,Sun L,Sui M,Zhu C,Zuo X,Zang Y,Wang Y

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injected into developing limb buds of Xenopus laevis tadpoles is carried by retrograde axonal transport to the somata of motoneurones in the ventral horn. Small injection of 10% HRP were found to remain well localised to specified sites in the limb bud. Two types of labelled cells were fou...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Lamb AH

更新日期：1977-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In anesthetized cats, medial gastrocnemius motor units (MUs) were electrically stimulated via their ventral-root axons with independent random patterns. Muscle tension and homonymous alpha-motoneuron (alpha-MN) membrane potential fluctuations in response to these stimuli were recorded simultaneously. Cross-correlating...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Koehler W,Hamm TM,Enoka RM,Stuart DG,Windhorst U

更新日期：1985-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on porcine cerebral arteries were studied in the absence and presence of cyclooxygenase inhibitors, 5 x 10(-6) M indomethacin or 10(-4) M aspirin. In preparations placed at a resting tension, 3 x 10(-9) to 10(-6) M PGE1 caused dose-dependent contractions. In prostaglandin F2 alph...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Fukuda S,Taga K,Tsukui A,Nishimura N,Kumagai Y,Shimoji K

更新日期：1989-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Endogenous levels of salsolinol and dopamine were measured by a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)--selected ion monitoring technique using deuterated internal standards in rats allowed to self-inject either acetaldehyde, ethanol or saline control solution over 20 days for 1 h/day. Significant increases in m...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Myers WD,Ng KT,Singer G,Smythe GA,Duncan MW

更新日期：1985-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Correlative light and electron microscopic methods were used to examine the morphology, distribution and synaptic connections of double bouquet cells immunoreactive for the calcium-binding protein calbindin D-28k in the human temporal neocortex. Double bouquet cells form symmetric synapses with small dendritic shafts ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： del Río MR,DeFelipe J

更新日期：1995-08-28 00:00:00