Abstract:
:Women experience depression twice as often as men. The diagnostic criteria for depression are the same for both sexes, but women with depression more frequently experience guilt, anxiety, increased appetite and sleep, weight gain and comorbid eating disorders. Women may achieve higher plasma concentrations of antidepressants and thus may require lower dosages of these medications. Depending on the patient's age, the potential effects of antidepressants on a fetus or neonate may need to be considered. Research indicates no increased teratogenic risk from in utero exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants. SSRIs are effective in treating premenstrual dysphoric disorder and many comorbid conditions associated with depression in women. Psychotherapy may be used alone in women with mild to moderate depression, or it may be used adjunctively with antidepressant drug therapy. Women who have severe depression accompanied by active suicidal thoughts or plans should usually be managed in conjunction with a psychiatrist.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Bhatia SC,Bhatia SKsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-07-01 00:00:00pages
225-34, 239-40issue
1eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650journal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Nearly 40 percent of Americans complain about insomnia. Such complaints are even more common among the elderly, possibly because sleep efficiency decreases with age. As a result, the use of hypnotics in this age group is high--sometimes too high. Hypnotics can be addictive, and many have a low therapeutic index. The b...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Running is a common form of exercise but predisposes athletes to several running-related injuries. Most running injuries are due to overuse and respond to conservative treatment. Tendinopathies in the patellar, Achilles, and hamstring tendons are common, and are primarily treated with eccentric exercise. Iliotibial ba...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2018-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrates are frequently found in vegetables and ground water. Nitrate levels in ground water have increased over the past two decades because of the heightened use of nitrogenous fertilizers. Following ingestion, nitrates are converted to nitrites by fecal organisms. Nitrites are absorbed and form methemoglobin, which...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although often used in the medical management of anxiety, insomnia, seizures and muscle spasm, benzodiazepines lead to significant complications after continuous use. These complications include tolerance, addiction, dependence and abuse. Knowledge of the diagnostic criteria and treatment of side effects improves the ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease of at least 20 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure when an individual moves from a supine position to a standing position. Nonneurogenic causes of orthostatic hypotension are related to cardiac pump failure, reduced intravascular volume, venous pooling or a medication side...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diet is the single most significant risk factor for disability and premature death. Patients and physicians often have difficulty staying abreast of diet trends, many of which focus primarily on weight loss rather than nutrition and health. Recommending an eating style can help patients make positive change. Dietary p...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bordetella pertussis is a highly contagious bacterium known to cause pertussis (whooping cough) and is transmitted via airborne droplets. Although childhood vaccination has dramatically reduced reported pertussis cases, the incidence of the disease has increased over the past 20 years, most notably in previously immun...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The head and neck contain a number of spaces that can be invaded by organisms of the mouth or by spread of cervical osteomyelitis. Infection in these spaces may progress from superficial infection to cellulitis to the formation of an abscess requiring immediate drainage. Spread of infection between spaces depends on a...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coxsackievirus B infection is common in children and young adults, usually causing mild symptoms in the gastrointestinal or upper respiratory tract. However, some patients develop pleurodynia, carditis or aseptic meningitis. This viral infection can be serious in the fetus and fatal in the newborn. Coxsackievirus B in...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many patients in primary care present with ear pain (otalgia). When the ear is the source of the pain (primary otalgia), the ear examination is usually abnormal. When the ear is not the source of the pain (secondary otalgia), the ear examination is typically normal. The cause of primary otalgia is usually apparent on ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persons whose experienced or expressed gender differs from their sex assigned at birth may identify as transgender. Transgender and gender-diverse persons may have gender dysphoria (i.e., distress related to this incongruence) and often face substantial health care disparities and barriers to care. Gender identity is ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poisoning is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, with several million episodes reported annually. Acute medication poisonings account for nearly one half of all poisonings reported in the United States and should be considered in persons with an acute change in mental status. The initial ap...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arnold-Chiari malformation is a disorder of embryologic development. In Type I, there is cerebellar displacement into the spinal canal, but hydrocephalus and syringomyelia are variable. Type II usually is manifested by severe hydrocephalus and myelomeningocele in infancy. Type I malformations may pose diagnostic chall...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many normal children have heart murmurs, but most children do not have heart disease. An appropriate history and a properly conducted physical examination can identify children at increased risk for significant heart disease. Pathologic causes of systolic murmurs include atrial and ventricular septal defects, pulmonar...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vertigo is the illusion of motion, usually rotational motion. As patients age, vertigo becomes an increasingly common presenting complaint. The most common causes of this condition are benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, acute vestibular neuronitis or labyrinthitis, Ménière's disease, migraine, and anxiety disorders...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-03-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although a rare entity, laryngeal tuberculosis must be a diagnostic consideration--along with laryngeal carcinoma--whenever patients present with prolonged hoarseness or painful dysphagia. This form of tuberculosis was once thought to be especially virulent and more infectious than other forms; however, severity was p...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that can cause significant disability and decreased quality of life. The cardinal physical signs of the disease are distal resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and asymmetric onset. Levodopa is the primary treatment for Parkinson's disease; however, its lon...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2006-12-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-04-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Common superficial oral lesions include candidiasis, recurrent herpes labialis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, erythema migrans, hairy tongue, and lichen planus. Recognition and diagnosis require taking a thorough history and performing a complete oral examination. Knowledge of clinical characteristics such as size, l...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2007-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Tricyclic antidepressants have anticholinergic, adrenolytic and quinidine-like activity. These actions result in a variety of cardiac and blood pressure effects. Tricyclic antidepressants can reverse the antihypertensive effect of guanethidine and clonidine. Orthostatic hypotension may be increased with diuretics and ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with variceal or other gastrointestinal hemorrhage require aggressive resuscitative measures and early diagnosis for optimal therapy. A number of nonsurgical endoscopic modalities, such as laser therapy, sclerotherapy, heater probe and electrocoagulation (monopolar or bipolar), are available to arrest and som...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Melanoma is an increasingly common malignancy, and it affects a younger population than most cancers. Risk factors for melanoma include white race, sun sensitivity, family history of melanoma, and melanocytic nevi. Sunburn and intermittent sun exposure appear to increase the risk of developing melanoma. The role of po...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Gait disorders in the elderly are common and in most cases cannot be treated medically or surgically. Therefore, treatment often relies on ambulatory devices such as canes, crutches, and walkers. Before selecting a device, the patient should be evaluated to define whether one or both upper extremities are required to ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-04-15 00:00:00