Abstract:
:Running is a common form of exercise but predisposes athletes to several running-related injuries. Most running injuries are due to overuse and respond to conservative treatment. Tendinopathies in the patellar, Achilles, and hamstring tendons are common, and are primarily treated with eccentric exercise. Iliotibial band syndrome and patellofemoral pain syndrome are less common than patellar tendinopathy and are treated by strengthening exercises for the core and legs in addition to flexibility exercises. Acute hamstring strains and medial tibial stress syndrome require a period of relative rest, followed by stretching and graded return to activity. Tibial stress fractures require an extended period of relative rest, followed by a more gradual return to activity. Early mobilization improves recovery from ankle sprains, and exercise therapy and functional bracing while running for six to 12 months prevents reinjury. Plantar fasciopathy (plantar fasciitis) can be significantly improved with stretching, heel raises, and orthoses that provide arch support.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Arnold MJ,Moody ALsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-04-15 00:00:00pages
510-516issue
8eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650pii
d13485journal_volume
97pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is the most common hip disorder in adolescents, and it has a prevalence of 10.8 cases per 100,000 children. It usually occurs in children eight to 15 years of age, and it is one of the most commonly missed diagnoses in children. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is classified as stabl...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emergency contraception decreases the risk of unintended pregnancy after unprotected sexual intercourse or after suspected failure of routine contraception (e.g., a condom breaking). Oral methods include combined contraceptive pills (i.e., Yuzpe method), single- or split-dose levonorgestrel, and ulipristal. The Yuzpe ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knee osteoarthritis is a common disabling condition that affects more than one-third of persons older than 65 years. Exercise, weight loss, physical therapy, intra-articular corticosteroid injections, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and braces or heel wedges decrease pain and improve function. Acet...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lives of patients with borderline personality disorder are characterized by turmoil, and their interpersonal relationships by conflict. As a result, these patients can be very difficult to treat. However, an accurate diagnosis and an understanding of the psychodynamics and emotional development of borderline patie...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful long-term weight loss maintenance can be achieved by various means. A combination of dietary and physical activity interventions, along with one or more behavioral approaches, has proven successful in some persons, as documented by the National Weight Control Registry, but is limited by adherence to a consi...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Preterm birth is a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Although studies have been complicated by problems of definition and methodology, certain strategies have the potential to reduce both the incidence and the impact of preterm birth. These strategies include accurate assessment of gestational age, educat...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inguinal and femoral hernias are the most common conditions for which primary care physicians refer patients for surgical management. Hernias usually present as swelling accompanied by pain or a dragging sensation in the groin. Most hernias can be diagnosed based on the history and clinical examination, but ultrasonog...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common focal entrapment syndrome. Forceful repetitive activity and vibration may be important workplace risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. Although systematic study has suggested that carpal tunnel syndrome is work-related, no clear "dose-response" curve has been found between ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoking causes significant morbidity and mortality in the United States. Physicians can use the five A's framework (ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange) to promote smoking cessation. All patients should be asked about tobacco use and assessed for motivation to quit at every clinical encounter. Physicians sh...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used, but have risks associated with their use, including significant upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Older persons, persons taking anticoagulants, and persons with a history of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding associated with NSAIDs are at especia...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引
doi:
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Federally funded health centers and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) depend on family physicians (FPs) and general practitioners (GPs) to meet the needs of millions of medically underserved people. Policy makers and workforce planners should consider how changes in the production of FPs would affect these prog...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Infectious endocarditis results from bacterial or fungal infection of the endocardial surface of the heart and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Risk factors include the presence of a prosthetic heart valve, structural or congenital heart disease, intravenous drug use, and a recent history of inv...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2012-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrofluoric acid is widely used in both industrial and household settings. The acid may cause insidious burns that can be very destructive. If the burns are not treated appropriately, the continued action of the free fluoride ion leads to liquefaction necrosis of the affected soft tissues, bony erosion and, ultimatel...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::New beta lactams and the quinolone class of antibiotics represent major improvements in the therapy of moderate to severe infections. These newer antibiotics have an extended spectrum of antimicrobial activity, excellent pharmacokinetic properties and low toxicity. The beta lactams include carbapenems, represented by ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knee pain is a common presenting complaint with many possible causes. An awareness of certain patterns can help the family physician identify the underlying cause more efficiently. Teenage girls and young women are more likely to have patellar tracking problems such as patellar subluxation and patellofemoral pain synd...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory difficulty is a common presenting complaint in the outpatient primary care setting. Because patients may first seek care by calling their physician's office, telephone triage plays a role in the early management of dyspnea. Once the patient is in the office, the initial goal of assessment is to determine t...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease of at least 20 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure when an individual moves from a supine position to a standing position. Nonneurogenic causes of orthostatic hypotension are related to cardiac pump failure, reduced intravascular volume, venous pooling or a medication side...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic heart disease is one of the most common disorders managed by family physicians. Stratifying patients according to risk is important early in the course of the disease to identify patients who require invasive (percutaneous or surgical) treatment. Physical examination, clinical history, noninvasive tests and a...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Common anorectal disorders can produce one or more of the following symptoms: pain, protrusion, pruritus, bleeding or discharge. The cause may be cryptitis, anal fissure, hemorrhoids, anorectal abscess, fistula in ano, neoplasm, condylomata acuminata, pilonidal cyst or inflammatory bowel disease. Each disorder is sugg...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary therapy for anaphylaxis is epinephrine, which should be stocked in the office in the appropriate dilution (1:1,000). Antihistamines and corticosteroids are useful adjunctive agents that may be given in the office. Patients with progressive or severe symptoms should be transferred immediately to a facility ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening complication of psychopharmacologic drug therapy. The syndrome is produced most often by the concurrent use of two or more drugs that increase brainstem serotonin activity and is often unrecognized because of the varied and nonspecific nature of its symptomatology. ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that can cause significant disability and decreased quality of life. The cardinal physical signs of the disease are distal resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and asymmetric onset. Levodopa is the primary treatment for Parkinson's disease; however, its lon...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2006-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hemolytic anemias usually present with persistent reticulocytosis, a characteristic that differentiates them from other types of anemia. Once the presence of a hemolytic process has been documented, simple observation of red blood cell morphology will yield important etiologic information. Hemolysis may result from in...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zidovudine, the first widely used antiretroviral agent, prevents replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by inhibiting reverse transcriptase. Its use in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome slows progression of the disease and prolongs survival. Zidovudine also significantly reduces the rate ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute abdominal pain in children presents a diagnostic dilemma. Although many cases of acute abdominal pain are benign, some require rapid diagnosis and treatment to minimize morbidity. Numerous disorders can cause abdominal pain. The most common medical cause is gastroenteritis, and the most common surgical cause is ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary closure of intraoral wounds can be done up to 24 hours after the injury. A mucosal seal decreases the possibility of infection and allows the wound to heal more rapidly and less painfully than a wound left open to heal by secondary intention. Defects of the lips must be closed with exact alignment of the vermi...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in the U.S. Considerable controversy surrounds this operation because all previous studies have demonstrated experimental flaws that compromise the value of the findings. While an apparent immunologic deficit following T&A has been...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concussion is the most common head injury in sports. The injury ranges from a simple "ding" to prolonged loss of consciousness with amnesia. Proper grading of the severity of the injury is necessary to establish a protocol for deciding when to allow an athlete to return to his or her sport. This approach to concussion...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Several effective and inexpensive over-the-counter treatments are available for minor but troubling foot problems. In most cases, one week of therapy with topical terbinafine is effective for interdigital tinea pedis. Treatment of plantar warts with 17 percent salicylic acid with lactic acid in a collodion base is as ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traveler's diarrhea is the most common health problem in persons who visit developing countries. Dietary precautions are the mainstay of prevention. Since bacteria are responsible for 50 to 80 percent of cases of traveler's diarrhea, antibiotics are the drugs of choice for empiric therapy. Because bacteria are becomin...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00