Abstract：
:Inguinal and femoral hernias are the most common conditions for which primary care physicians refer patients for surgical management. Hernias usually present as swelling accompanied by pain or a dragging sensation in the groin. Most hernias can be diagnosed based on the history and clinical examination, but ultrasonography may be useful in differentiating a hernia from other causes of groin swelling. Surgical repair is usually advised because of the danger of incarceration and strangulation, particularly with femoral hernias. Three major types of open repair are currently used, and laparoscopic techniques are also employed. The choice of technique depends on several factors, including the type of hernia, anesthetic considerations, cost, period of postoperative disability and the surgeon's expertise. Following initial herniorrhaphy, complication and recurrence rates are generally low. Laparoscopic techniques make it possible for patients to return to normal activities more quickly, but they are more costly than open procedures. In addition, they require general anesthesia, and the long-term hernia recurrence rate with these procedures is unknown.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Bax T,Sheppard BC,Crass RAsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-01 00:00:00pages
143-56issue
1eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Health care-associated infections cause approximately 75,000 deaths annually, in addition to increasing morbidity and costs. Over the past decade, a downward trend in health care-associated infections has occurred nationwide. Basic prevention measures include administrative support, educating health care personnel, an...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Common superficial oral lesions include candidiasis, recurrent herpes labialis, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, erythema migrans, hairy tongue, and lichen planus. Recognition and diagnosis require taking a thorough history and performing a complete oral examination. Knowledge of clinical characteristics such as size, l...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The term "shoulder instability" constitutes a spectrum of disorders that includes dislocation, subluxation and laxity. Anterior instability is the most common form of glenohumeral instability and may be associated with nerve injury. The diagnosis of anterior, posterior or multidirectional instability is based on a tho...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used, but have risks associated with their use, including significant upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Older persons, persons taking anticoagulants, and persons with a history of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding associated with NSAIDs are at especia...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引
doi：
更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The preparticipation physical evaluation is a commonly requested medical visit for amateur and professional athletes of all ages. The overarching goal is to maximize the health of athletes and their safe participation in sports. Although studies have not found that the preparticipation physical evaluation prevents mor...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke can be categorized as ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Awakening with or experiencing the abrupt onset of focal neurologic deficits is the hallmark of the diagnosis of ischemic stroke. The most common presenting symptoms of ischemic stroke are speech disturbance and weaknes...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2015-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Family physicians should be aware of the potential effects and complications of vasectomy so they can appropriately counsel patients seeking sterilization. Vasectomy produces anatomic, hormonal and immunologic changes and, although not substantiated by clinical studies, has been reputed to be associated with atheroscl...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Manic episodes are characterized by the triad of unstable mood, pressured speech and increased motor activity. This type of episode is often due to bipolar disorder. Benzodiazepines and antipsychotic agents are generally used in the acute emergency management of mania. Lithium, carbamazepine or a valproate preparation...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in patients visiting a primary care practice. Although many patients with atrial fibrillation experience relief of symptoms with control of the heart rate, some patients require restoration of sinus rhythm. External direct current (DC) cardioversion is the most effecti...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vomiting, amnesia, a history of falls and other injuries, and depression and anxiety may all be clues to a drinking problem. Decreased work performance, absenteeism and difficulty in getting along with others may be present. Coming to grips with the problem is essential. Once the patient accepts the need for abstinenc...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Distribution of accumulated fluid is the important element in the differentiation of peripheral edema resulting from different etiologies. Isolated upper extremity edema is rare and is usually caused by obstruction of the superior vena cava by a malignancy. The cause of unilateral edema of a lower limb can usually be ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a benign inflammatory disease of salivary gland origin. Because of its clinical and histologic resemblance to squamous cell carcinoma, this disease must be recognized. The cause is unknown, but it may be related to oral trauma, tobacco use or inadequate blood supply. The lesion heals spo...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hearing conservation programs have not kept pace with changes in the workplace and in the work force. Heavy industry and noisy factories have yielded to quiet computers and high technology. Chemicals, self-administered or prescribed, may replace noise as a chief source of hearing loss. The aging working population and...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnetic resonance imaging uses powerful magnetic fields and a radiofrequency pulse to provide a diagnostic image. Physicians must identify patients with metallic internal implants, pacemakers and cochlear implants before MRI scanning to prevent serious injury. Some patients also experience severe anxiety from the con...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Functional constipation is the cause of fecal incontinence in 95 percent of affected children, and anatomic or neurologic causes account for up to 5 percent of cases. The history and the physical examination (with emphasis on abdominal, rectal and neurologic examinations) are most helpful in identifying organic diseas...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Particularly in rural settings, Trichophyton verrucosum commonly causes an inflammatory tinea infection, sometimes called 'barn itch." There is usually a history of contact with animals. The demonstration of clusters of large spores in a potassium hydroxide preparation of scrappings obtained from clinically involved s...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ganglioneuroblastoma, although a rare neoplasm, is one of the most common causes of posterior mediastinal masses in children. This tumor occurs in children from one to 10 years of age. With intrathoracic involvement, the tumor may remain asymptomatic until it is large. The case reported illustrates a typical presentat...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening complication of psychopharmacologic drug therapy. The syndrome is produced most often by the concurrent use of two or more drugs that increase brainstem serotonin activity and is often unrecognized because of the varied and nonspecific nature of its symptomatology. ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spinal cord compression from metastatic cancer is a medical emergency. Prompt intervention affords the best chance for successful recovery, while delay may result in devastating neurologic impairment. In the appropriate clinical setting, emergency myelography should be done to confirm the diagnosis of metastatic disea...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The birth of a child with any developmental disability is an occasion of marked trauma to parents. Early, honest and frank counseling is imperative, and the family physician can play a unique role in this counseling process. When the physician is not knowledgeable in a paretcular case, he or she should seek expert hel...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the more commonly used herbal supplements. Although often consumed for culinary purposes, it is taken by many patients to treat a variety of conditions. Ginger has been shown to be effective for pregnancy-induced and postoperative nausea and vomiting. There is less evidence to su...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute bronchitis is one of the top 10 conditions for which patients seek medical care. Physicians show considerable variability in describing the signs and symptoms necessary to its diagnosis. Because acute bronchitis most often has a viral cause, symptomatic treatment with protussives, antitussives, or bronchodilator...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2002-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:New beta lactams and the quinolone class of antibiotics represent major improvements in the therapy of moderate to severe infections. These newer antibiotics have an extended spectrum of antimicrobial activity, excellent pharmacokinetic properties and low toxicity. The beta lactams include carbapenems, represented by ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrial fibrillation, a common cardiac arrhythmia, is now recognized as a powerful risk factor for stroke. Previously, atrial fibrillation was thought to predispose persons to stroke only in the presence of rheumatic heart disease with mitral stenosis. The significant impact of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation on stroke...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proper suturing technique is essential for obtaining good cosmetic results and avoiding infection, scarring and poor wound healing. Techniques that must be mastered include good eversion of skin edges, avoiding suture marks, maintaining uniform tensile strength along the skin edges and precise approximation of skin ed...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetic ketoacidosis is characterized by a serum glucose level greater than 250 mg per dL, a pH less than 7.3, a serum bicarbonate level less than 18 mEq per L, an elevated serum ketone level, and dehydration. Insulin deficiency is the main precipitating factor. Diabetic ketoacidosis can occur in persons of all ages,...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peripheral nerve injury of the upper extremity commonly occurs in patients who participate in recreational (e.g., sports) and occupational activities. Nerve injury should be considered when a patient experiences pain, weakness, or paresthesias in the absence of a known bone, soft tissue, or vascular injury. The onset ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Melanoma is an increasingly common malignancy, and it affects a younger population than most cancers. Risk factors for melanoma include white race, sun sensitivity, family history of melanoma, and melanocytic nevi. Sunburn and intermittent sun exposure appear to increase the risk of developing melanoma. The role of po...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To complement the 2005 Annual Clinical Focus on medical genomics, AFP is publishing a series of short reviews on genetic syndromes. This series was designed to increase awareness of these diseases so that family physicians can recognize and diagnose children with these disorders and understand the kind of care they mi...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The birth of twins can be an exciting and challenging experience for a family. However, circumstances unique to the relationship between the twin and the family and the relationship between the twins themselves may exacerbate existing problems or create new ones. Parents are often overwhelmed by the amount of time and...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
