Abstract:
:Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is the most common hip disorder in adolescents, and it has a prevalence of 10.8 cases per 100,000 children. It usually occurs in children eight to 15 years of age, and it is one of the most commonly missed diagnoses in children. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is classified as stable or unstable based on the stability of the physis. The condition is associated with obesity and growth surges, and it is occasionally associated with endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism, growth hormone supplementation, hypogonadism, and panhypopituitarism. Patients usually present with limping and poorly localized pain in the hip, groin, thigh, or knee. Diagnosis is confirmed by bilateral hip radiography, which needs to include anteroposterior and frog-leg lateral views in patients with stable slipped capital femoral epiphysis, and anteroposterior and cross-table lateral views in patients with the unstable form. The goals of treatment are to prevent slip progression and avoid complications such as avascular necrosis and chondrolysis. Stable slipped capital femoral epiphysis is usually treated using in situ screw fixation. Treatment of unstable slipped capital femoral epiphysis usually involves in situ fixation, but there is controversy about the timing of surgery, value of reduction, and whether traction should be used.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Peck Dsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-08-01 00:00:00pages
258-62issue
3eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650pii
d8397journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Hoarseness is the term often used by patients to describe changes in their voice quality. The causes of hoarseness are determined after obtaining a detailed medical history of the circumstances preceding the onset of hoarseness and performing a thorough physical examination. The latter may include visualization of the...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes zoster ("shingles") is usually a benign, self-limited disease. However, it can be debilitating or even fatal. The potentially serious complications of ocular involvement or postherpetic neuralgia and the confusing therapeutic regimens that are often advocated make this a complicated subject. Dissemination is mo...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic heart disease is one of the most common disorders managed by family physicians. Stratifying patients according to risk is important early in the course of the disease to identify patients who require invasive (percutaneous or surgical) treatment. Physical examination, clinical history, noninvasive tests and a...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus and subacute and acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus are associated with distinct cutaneous manifestations, and each disease has a particular clinical course and prognosis. Dermatomyositis, an immune-mediated disorder of unknown etiology that is often...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes zoster ophthalmicus occurs when the varicella-zoster virus is reactivated in the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus represents up to one fourth of all cases of herpes zoster. Most patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus present with a periorbital vesicular rash distributed ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hawthorn medicinal extract has long been a favored herbal remedy in Europe. The active components of this slow-acting cardiotonic agent are thought to be flavonoids and oligomeric procyanidins. The most studied hawthorn extracts are WS 1442 and LI 132. Reviews of placebo- controlled trials have reported both subjectiv...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2010-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Transient organic causes of impotence include alcohol consumption, drug use or inflammatory genital disease. Many diagnoses of organic impotence, with diabetes, for example, have been premature and have resulted in iatrogenic, psychogenic impotence. After a stroke, heart attack or major surgery, depression may cause i...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Childhood bullying has potentially serious implications for bullies and their targets. Bullying involves a pattern of repeated aggression, a deliberate intent to harm or disturb a victim despite the victim's apparent distress, and a real or perceived imbalance of power. Bullying can lead to serious academic, social, e...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progestational agents have many important functions, including regulation of the menstrual cycle, treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding, prevention of endometrial cancer and hyperplastic precursor lesions, and contraception. Because of the reported side effects of synthetic analogs called "progestins," there has...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Subungual hemorrhage, onychauxis, onychogryphosis, mycotic infections, onychia and paronychia are common toenail disorders in the elderly. The many contributing factors include impaired vision, changes in gait, past foot conditions and neurovascular disease. Hyperkeratotic disorders are secondary to external or intern...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Family physicians should be aware of the potential effects and complications of vasectomy so they can appropriately counsel patients seeking sterilization. Vasectomy produces anatomic, hormonal and immunologic changes and, although not substantiated by clinical studies, has been reputed to be associated with atheroscl...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hospitals present a variety of infectious, chemical and physical hazards to their workers. Important pathogens include AIDS, hepatitis B and rubella viruses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ethylene oxide is probably the greatest chemical hazard, but anesthetic gases, antineoplastic drugs and skin irritants or sensitiz...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease accounts for about 60 percent of dementia cases. Misdiagnosis of the treatable dementias can have devastating results. Pseudodementia accompanying major depression and chronic cognitive dysfunction due to psychoactive drugs are among the most commonly missed diagnoses. Although cortical atrophy is ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injuries from power lawnmowers most frequently involve the toes or the foot. The most common injury is caused by an extremity being caught in the moving parts of the machine. The greatest injury is to the skin and soft tissue by degloving or avulsion. Most of these injuries, especially those which occur to children wh...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of liver disease in the United States, affecting up to 30% of adults. There are two forms of NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), defined as 5% or greater hepatic steatosis without hepatocellular injury or fibrosis, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (N...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2020-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Headaches are common during childhood and become more common and increase in frequency during adolescence. The rational, cost-effective evaluation of children with headache begins with a careful history. The first step is to identify the temporal pattern of the headache--acute, acute-recurrent, chronic-progressive, ch...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2002-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although many physicians consider constipation a trivial problem, it is one of the most frequent and chronic digestive disorders in the United States, affecting 4.53 million people and causing considerable morbidity. More than $200 million are spent for over-the-counter laxatives and untold millions of dollars are spe...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prompt defibrillation with lower energy levels (200 joules) initially is now recommended. Epinephrine is effective when instilled intratracheally and remains the treatment of choice for restoring cardiac rhythm. Enthusiasm for isoproterenol and calcium chloride has waned. Sodium bicarbonate and atropine are now used m...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Upper extremity bursae are injured through a number of processes, including overuse, hemorrhage, crystal deposition, autoimmune diseases and infection. These injuries may be disabling and can pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for the clinician. Treatment of the most common forms is directed at pai...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injuries to the head and neck are common in sports. Sideline physicians must be attentive and prepared with an organized approach to detect and manage these injuries. Because head and neck injuries often occur simultaneously, the sideline physician can combine the head and neck evaluations. When assessing a conscious ...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2006-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The preparticipation physical evaluation is a commonly requested medical visit for amateur and professional athletes of all ages. The overarching goal is to maximize the health of athletes and their safe participation in sports. Although studies have not found that the preparticipation physical evaluation prevents mor...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many years, there were no guidelines for evaluating patients with chronic neck pain. However, in the past 15 years, considerable research has led to recommendations regarding whiplash-associated disorders. This article summarizes the American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria for chronic neck pain. Ima...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Peripartum depression affects up to one in seven women and is associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity if untreated. A history of depression is the strongest risk factor for developing peripartum depression. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends screening pregnant and postpartum women f...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2016-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Transdermal nicotine systems are a useful adjunct to smoking cessation. The larger-sized nicotine patches provide steady-state replacement of approximately 50 percent of the average serum nicotine level obtained by smoking one to one and one-half packs of cigarettes a day. This level is sufficient to prevent many symp...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital hearing loss is estimated to affect one in every 1,000 newborns. Causes of hearing loss can be conductive, sensorineural, mixed, or central. Known risk factors for congenital hearing loss include cytomegalovirus infection and premature birth necessitating a stay in the neonatal intensive care unit. However,...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive serotonergic activity in the nervous system. It is characterized by mental status changes, autonomic instability, and neuromuscular hyperactivity. Most reported cases of serotonin syndrome are in patients using multiple serotonergic dru...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Constipation is a common childhood condition, estimated to occur in 5 to 10 percent of children. In most cases, the cause is functional. However, constipation may occasionally indicate a significant organic disorder, which can usually be determined by a thorough history and physical examination. Constipation that is p...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid function tests, radioiodine uptake and scintiscanning, and antithyroid antibody titers are the main laboratory tests useful in the management of goiter. Scintiscanning and ultrasonography aid in differentiating a functioning adenoma from a "cold" solid nodule--a crucial distinction since the incidence of cance...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 30% of U.S. adults report having experienced low back pain within the preceding three months. Although most low back pain is nonspecific and self-limiting, a subset of patients develop chronic low back pain, defined as persistent symptoms for longer than three months. Low back pain is categorized as nonspeci...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction describes the narrowing of the airway that occurs with exercise. More than 10 percent of the general population and up to 90 percent of persons previously diagnosed with asthma have exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Common symptoms include coughing, wheezing, and chest tightnes...
journal_title:American family physician
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2011-08-15 00:00:00